1 WINNING THE SKILLS RACE IN A GLOBALLY COMPETITIVE WORLD TDA09 Reposition, Restructure, Retrain:...

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WINNING THE SKILLS RACE IN A GLOBALLY

COMPETITIVE WORLD

TDA09 Reposition, Restructure, Retrain:

Skills for Australia’s Emergence from the Global Financial Crisis

September 3, 2009

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Nuclear electricity generation, 2006

Terawatt hours net

As a percentage of total electricity

generation

Australia 0.0 0.0

New Zealand 0.0 0.0

United States 787.0 19.4

OECD Total 2,278.1 23.1

Source: OECD, Factbook 2008

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Global economy

• In 1981, 40% of world’s population lived on $1/day

• In 2007, 18% of world’s population lived on $1/day

• In 2015, 12% will live on $1/day

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Global economy cont.

• In first 7 years of 21st century

- World’s economy grew at its fastest rate in four decades

- Income per person across the globe rose at 3.2%, the fastest of any period in history since we began to keep records

• Global economy grew from $23T in 1990 to $53T in 2007; global trade increased by 133%

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Ratio of population aged 65 and over to the total population (Percentage)


2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

Australia 12.4 12.9 14.3 16.4 18.3

New Zealand 11.8 12 13.1 14.9 16.7

United States 12.4 12.4 13 14.5 16.3

China 6.8 7.7 8.4 9.6 11.9

India 4.6 5 5.3 5.8 6.7

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Ratio of inactive elderly population aged 65 and over to the total labour force (Percentage)


2000 2005 2010 2020

Australia 24.8 25.3 27.2 35.3

New Zealand 22.2 21.7 23.6 31.3

United States 23.5 23.5 26 35.9

China 11.7 12.8 13.9 20.8

India 12.6 13.3 13.9 16.2

Ratio of the inactive population aged 65 and over to the labour force aged 15 to 64.

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Employment rates: total (Share of persons of working age, 15-64 years, in employment)


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Australia 67.4 67.9 68.4 69.3 69 69.4 70 70.3 71.6 72.2 72.9

New Zealand 70.6 69.6 70.1 70.7 71.8 72.4 72.5 73.5 74.6 75.2 75.4

United States 73.5 73.8 73.9 74.1 73.1 71.9 71.2 71.2 71.5 72 71.8

China .. .. .. .. 75.6 74.9 74.5 74.2 74 73.8 73.6

OECD total 65 65.1 65.3 65.6 65.4 65 64.8 65.2 65.5 66.2 66.7

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Employment rates, men and women (Share of men/women of working age, 15-64 years, in employment)


2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women

Australia 76.8 62.1 77.1 67.9 77.6 63.1 78.5 64.7 78.8 65.5 79.6 66.1

New Zealand 79.8 65.3 79.4 65.7 80.8 66.5 81.5 68 82.1 68.4 82.1 69

United States 78 66.1 76.9 65.7 77.2 65.4 77.6 65.6 78.1 66.1 77.8 65.9

China 81.2 68.5 81.1 67.8 81.8 66.5 81.4 66.6 79.5 68.2 79.3 68

OECD total 75 55.3 74.6 55.3 74.8 55.7 75.1 56.1 75.7 56.9 76 57.5

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Employment rates by age group (Persons in employment as a percentage of population in that age group)


2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

15-24 yrs

25-54 yrs

55-64 yrs

15-24 yrs

25-54 yrs

55-64 yrs

15-24 yrs

25-54 yrs

55-64 yrs

15-24 yrs

25-54 yrs

55-64 yrs

15-24 yrs

25-54 yrs

55-64 yrs

15-24 yrs

25-54 yrs

55-64 yrs

15-24 yrs

25-54 yrs

55-64 yrs

Australia 61.2 76.3 46.7 61.1 76.7 48.7 61.8 77.2 50.5 62.4 77.4 52 63.6 78.8 53.7 63.9 79.2 55.6 64.2 80 56.7

New Zealand 55.8 79.3 60.7 56.6 79.6 63.4 56.3 79.8 64.3 56.8 80.8 67.2 56.9 82 69.7 58.8 82.1 70.4 58.7 82.2 72

United States 57.7 80.5 58.6 55.7 79.3 59.5 53.9 78.8 59.9 53.9 79 59.9 53.9 79.3 60.8 54.2 79.8 61.8 53.1 79.9 61.8

China 70.1 88.7 56.5 65.7 87.7 55.9 61.5 86.6 54.5 57.1 85.6 52.6 55.7 85.2 58.3 52.8 88 64.5 51.9 88.7 66.5

OECD total 44.8 75.8 48.4 43.7 75.4 49.4 42.8 75.3 50 43.1 75.6 50.8 43.1 75.9 51.9 43.5 76.6 52.8 43.5 77.2 53.7

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Decline in European Population

695000

700000

705000

710000

715000

720000

725000

730000

735000

740000

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Source: Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision and World Urbanization Prospects: The 2005 Revision

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Foreign-born Population as a Percentage of the Total Population

Source: OECD Factbook, 2009

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Poverty rates and poverty gaps(mid 2000s)


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Characteristics of the educated worker

• Well trained in ways that allow her to enter the workforce prepared to work

• Educated sufficiently well in literacy, numeracy, critical analytical capacity to be able to:

- Work and communicate with others

- Conceive and ask the unstructured question

- Determine a response

- Communicate either the problem or the solution to a supervisor or co-workers as necessary

- Learn new skills frequently and quickly

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Mean Reading Scores, PISA 2006


1 2003 score

521 513 508 495.2 495 488 472 460 447 410

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Mean Science Scores, PISA 2006

New Z

eala

nd

Austra

lia

Germ

any

United K

ingdom

France

United S

tate

s

Portugal

Greec

e

Turkey

Mex

ico

530 527 516 515 495 489 474 473 424 410


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Mean Mathematics Scores, PISA 2006

New Z

eala

nd

Austra

lia

Germ

any

France

United K

ingdom

United S

tate

s

Portugal

Greec

e

Turkey

Mex

ico

522 520 504 496 495 474 466 459 424 406


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Life expectancy at birth: total (Number of years)


1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Australia 78.2 78.5 78.7 79 79.3 79.7 80 80.3 80.6 80.9 81.1

New Zealand 77.1 77.4 77.8 78 78.4 78.7 79 79.2 79.6 79.9 80.2

United States 76.1 76.5 76.7 76.7 76.8 77.1 77.2 77.5 77.8 77.8 ..

China 70.8 .. .. .. 71.4 .. .. .. .. 73 ..

India 61.4 61.7 61.9 62.2 62.5 62.7 63 63.2 .. .. ..

OECD average 76.3 76.6 76.8 77 77.4 77.7 77.9 78 78.5 78.7 79

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Percentage of Population which has Attained Tertiary Education, by age group (2006)


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Youths aged between 15 and 19 who are not ineducation nor in employment (As percentage of persons in that age group)


Males Females

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Australia 7.9 6.9 6.4 7.6 7.1 6.7 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.4 7.7 7.4

New Zealand .. .. .. .. 8.4 9.9 .. .. .. .. 8.6 12.7

United States 6.9 6.4 .. 6.5 5.9 6 8 7.5 .. 7.3 6.3 6.7

India .. .. .. 7 .. .. .. .. .. 35 .. ..

OECD average 7.9 7.5 7.7 7.4 7.4 6.7 10.3 8.8 9.2 8.8 8.4 6.7

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World Unemployment Rates (2009)

Source: Trading Economics

COUNTRY PERCENTAGE

United States 9.40Euro Area 9.20Japan 5.00Germany 8.20China 4.30United Kingdom 6.77France 8.90Australia 5.70New Zealand 5.00

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Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (as a percentage of GDP)


2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Australia .. 1.69 .. 1.78 .. 2.01 ..

New Zealand 1.14 .. 1.19 .. 1.16 .. ..

United States 2.76 2.66 2.66 2.59 2.62 2.66 2.68

China 0.95 1.07 1.13 1.23 1.33 1.42 1.49

India 0.76 0.75 0.74 0.71 .. .. ..

OECD total 2.25 2.22 2.22 2.19 2.23 2.26 ..

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What kind of education will be most effective in creating the new worker?

• Flexible structure

• Geographically accessible

• Affordable

• Personalized

• Relevant

• Collaborative at faculty level

• High, demanding standards

• Respond quickly to demands of business cycle

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Expenditure per student in tertiary education, 2005


Expenditure per student in tertiary education:

2000 constant prices (US dollars)

Australia $14,579

New Zealand $10,262

United States $24,370

OECD average $11,512

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Contribution of labour productivity and labour utilization to GDP per capita (Percentage change 2001-2006, annual rate)


Growth in GDP per capita =Growth in GDP per

hour worked+

Growth in labour utilisation

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Contribution of labour productivity and labour utilization to GDP per capita (Percentage change 2001-2007, annual rate)


GDP per capita GDP per hour worked Labour utilisation

2001-2007 2001-2007 2001-2007

Portugal 0.4 1.3 -0.9

France 1.2 1.7 -0.5

Germany 1.2 1.3 -0.1

United States 1.6 2.0 -0.4

OECD total 1.7 1.7 0.0

Mexico 1.9 0.8 1.1

New Zealand 2.0 1.2 0.8

Australia 2.1 1.3 0.8

United Kingdom 2.1 2.1 0.0

Greece 3.8 2.3 1.5

Turkey 5.4

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College Readiness System

I. Establish a curriculum based on college readiness standards

• Standards for College Success

• SpringBoard

• Advanced Placement Program

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College Readiness System cont.

II. Ensure participation in rigorous academic courses

• AP Potential

• SAT Readiness Program

• Teacher professional development

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III. Monitor student progress

• PSAT/NMQST

• SAT

• SAT Subject Tests

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IV. Facilitate college, career, and financial planning

• College Awareness and Planning Tools• CollegeEd

• My College QuickStart and MyRoad

• Financial Aid EasyPlanner Tools

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Ronald A. WilliamsVice PresidentThe College Board1233 20th St., NW, Suite 600Washington, DC 20036-2375202-741-4702 phone202-741-4743 [email protected]@collegeboard.org

1 WINNING THE SKILLS RACE IN A GLOBALLY COMPETITIVE WORLD TDA09 Reposition, Restructure, Retrain:...

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