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Ministry of Hotels and Tourism

Facts and Figures about Myanmar

Group A

4-10-2013 Nay Pyi Taw



Content

History of Myanmar

Name of Myanmar

Facts and Figure about Myanmar



History of Myanmar

• Bronze Age (1500 BCE)

Earliest stages of SEA bronze production

Late Neolithic through the early iron age

Begin small trades, barters and animism

Tools transitions from late stone ageto early bronze age, and finally to

iron age



History of Myanmar

• Iron Age (500 BCE)

Overlap bronze and iron age culture

Access to copper, semi-precious stone and iron,

salt resources and growth of agriculture

Bury the dead people together with their

decorative ceramics and common household

objects



History of Myanmar

• Iron Age (500 BCE)

Overlap bronze and iron age culture

Access to copper, semi-precious stone and iron,

salt resources and growth of agriculture

Bury the dead people together with their

decorative ceramics and common householdobjects



History of Myanmar

• Pre Pagan Period or Pyu (200 BCE)

End of prehistory period

The earliest inhabitants of Burma

Beginning of urbanization

Several sizable first millennium cites were

founded by the Pyu, the Mon and the Arakanese.



History of Myanmar

• Pyu (200 BCE)

A group of city-states that existed from 2nd

Century BCE to mid-11th

Century CELink the bronze age to the beginning of the

classical states period (Pagan-9th Cent)

Trade with India, importing Buddhism as wellas other cultural, architectural and political

concepts



History of Myanmar

• Pyu (200 BCE)

Crushing down in the 9th Century by repeated

invasions from the Kingdom of Nanzhao(Burmans)

Setting up a garrison town at Pagan at the

confluence of Irrawaddy and ChindwinPyu had assumed the Burman ethnicity in 13th

Century



History of Myanmar

• Burmans

The Burmans who had come down with the

early 9th

Nanzhao raids of the Pyu statesOrginal Home was Yunan (Present-day Qinghai

and Gansu provinces)

Historically verifiable Burmese history beginswith Anawrahta’s accession in 1044.



Name of Burma

• Popularly known in English as both

Burma and Myanmar



MYANMAR THE GOLDEN LAND



Location

• Situated in Southeast Asia

• Bordered on the north and northeast by China east and

southeast by Laos and Thailand

• On the south by the Andaman Sea and the Boy of Bengal and on

the west by Bangladesh and India

• Largest country in Southeast Asia

• Total land area : 617000 sq km (261228 sq miles)



Length of Border

• Total length of frontier is 6159 km.

• Myanmar-Bangladesh (271 km)

• Myanmar-China (2204 km)

• Myanmar-Thailand (2107 km)

• Myanmar-India (1338 km)

• Myanmar-Laos (238 km)



Climate

• Much of the country lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the

Equator

• It lies in the monsoon region of Asia

• Seasonal changes in the monsoon wind directions create

summer, rainy and winter seasons

• Extremes of temperature are rare

• Northern regions of the country are the coolest

• Coastal and delta regions have an average maximum

temperature of 32᾿C



Wildlife

• A rich diversity of habitant types

• 300 mammal species, 300 reptiles and about to nearly 100

birds species, 7000 species of plant life

• Forest, including dense tropical growth and valuable teak in

lower Myanmar, cover over 49% of the country



Art and Culture from Myanmar

• Heavily influenced by Buddhism

• Particularly India, China and Thailand manifested in its

language, cuisine, music, dance and theatre

• 10 traditional arts called Pan Se` Myo

• Temple architecture is typically of brick and stucco



Religion and Beliefs in Myanmar

• Predominantly Theravada Buddhist Country

• Most Myanmar are Buddhist of the Theravada

• 89% of the population embraces Buddhism (mostly Theravada)

• The flowing is an estimate of the religious composition of the

country

• Buddhist - 89 %

• Animist - 1 %

•Christians - 4 %

• Muslim - 4 %

• Hindus - 2 %



Shwedagon Pagoda

Shwedagon is a must

see in Yangon, one of

the wonders of the

world. Shwedagon

was built 2500 yearsago where the four

Buddhas’ relics were

enshrined. Queen

Shin Saw Pu raised

this pagoda to its

present height of 100

meters during the 15th

century.



Sule Pagoda

Yangon is the main gateway to Myanmar.Yangon is

the commercial city . The word “ Yangon “ means “

End of Strife”. The population is about (5) million.

Yangon Downtown is planned well. The streets in

Yangon Downtown area is in blocks. There are (5)

main roads which are connected well. Chinatown,like in other cities around Asia is a must visit . A

walk around Chinatown in the afternoon and evening

is a pleasant experience. There are food stalls and

many shops which attract many travelers to

Myanmar.



Kabar Aye Pagoda



Bagan

Bagan Panoramic View shows the magnificence and splendor of the temples and pagodas of Bagan Dynasty

of 9-11th centuries AD.



Inlay Lake

Easily accessible from Yangon and Mandalay by domestic flights or by coach is the Inlay Lake ,another

unique tourist destination of Myanmar.

The lake is about 900 m above sea level; 22km long and 10 km wide. The population is about 150,000;and

many of them live on floating islands of vegetation. The uniqueness of thus area is the way people in this are

travel from place to place. Their transport is the boat or the canoe. Traditionally they row their canoes by

using only one leg to steer the oar.



Conclusion

Myanmar is an emerging tourist destination in Asia that has enormous potentials for the

development of tourism industry in a sustainable and responsible manner.

The Ministry of Hotels and Tourism has put its tremendous efforts to develop tourism industry

in collaboration with the private sector and international organizations .

We are hopeful that tourism in Myanmar will contribute to the efforts of poverty reduction in

our country.



Thank you!



Historical Background Name of the country

Location of Myanmar

Different Kinds of Weather in Myanmar Religious

Myanmar Currency

Festivals in Myanmar

Things to Do



Homo erectus (Burma) lived in 750,000years ago

The Bronze Age(1500 BC)

The Iron Age(500 BC)—Mandalay

Around the 2nd century , Pyu city-states(central

Myanmar)Pyu culture was heavily influenced bytrade with India, importing Buddhism , cultural ,architecture and political concept & organization

By 9th century , Mon states and Arakanese states

also sprouted In1050s-1060s Pagan Empire was founded by

King Anawrahta



Summer Season

RainySeason

WinterSeason



Live according to the basicFive Precepts of Buddhismin their daily activities

Buddhism(89.2%)

Christian (5%) Islam(3.8%)

Others (0.2%)



Naga New Year Festival-rarest of ceremonies-49 different clans with owndistinctive and dialects-many packages tours

Kekku Pagoda Festival-more than 3000 pagodas

-Pa O people with their bestcostume-most pagoda are in ruins & main Pagoda (renovate)



Elephant Camps

(Myaing Hay Wun)-located in Yangon

-an areas of 10 acres

-easily accessible by

car

-trekking with

elephant

-elephant are treatedwell and have

medical treatment



Ecotourism

-full of richness in nature anddiversity of species-a verity of natural resources ,plants , and animals-over 1,000 endemic species& 7,000 plants

-also 1,000 bird species , 300mammals , 350 reptiles

National Kandawgyi GyiGarden-is about over 344 acres

-was established in 1915-as a recreation center and anecotourism site



Beach Holidays

Chaung Tha BeachCrab dishes arevery well-known

&delicious

Ngapali Beach

-The most famousin Myanmar

-Blue sea , whitesand &lovely sun



Where is Myanmar?



Situated in Southeast Asia

Borders on the north and northeast by China, on the

east and southeast by Laos and Thailand, on the south

by the Andaman Sea and India

Largest country in Southeast Asia

Total land area: 6,77,000 sq km (2,61,228 sq miles)

The Republic of the Union of Myanmar

Where is Myanmar?



Geological profile



Rakhine Coastal Strip Fold Mountain Belt

Central Belt

Shan Plateau

Geological profile



History of Myanmar



War with British

The First Anglo-Burmese War (1824-26) ended in a British victory, and by

the Treaty of Yandaboo, Myanmar lost Assam, Manipur, Arakan, and

Tenasserim.

The Second Anglo-Burmese War in 1852, annexing Bago province and

renaming it Lower Burma. The war resulted in a revolution in Myanmar,

with King Bagan Min (ruled 1846-52) being replaced by his half brother,

Mindon Min (ruled 1853-78). The Third Anglo-Burmese War took place in 1885. It was the final of three

wars fought in the 19th century between the Burmese and the British.

Following the war, Myanmar came under the rule of the British Raj as a

province of India.

Achieved independence about 63 years later as a republic in 1948.

History of Myanmar

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Burmese_Wars


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Raj

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidencies_and_provinces_of_British_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidencies_and_provinces_of_British_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Raj

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma





Commercial City - YangonTh i l i i h i



The commercial city is the main

gateway to Myanmar ever green and

cool with lush topical trees, shady

parks and beautiful lakes, Yangon has

earned the “Garden City of the East”

Yangon covers over 350 sq. km. and

has a population of over 5 millions

The main gateway to Myanmar and 14

international air lines are operating

Domestic air lines connect Yangon to

Mandalay, Bagan, Heho, Kyaing

Tong, Tachileik, Thandwe, Kawthaung

and to others tourist destinations

Shwedagon pagoda, Chuk Htat Gyi

pagoda, National Museum and

zoological garden are some of the

places of interest



Central Region



g

One of the Asia’s most amazing and richest archaeological sites

Situated on the eastern bank of the Ayeyawaddy River in the dry zone of Central

Myanmar

Ancient temples of Bagan stand today as they have been standing in splendor for a

thousand years Bagan was the seat of power of the First Myanmar Empire in 11 th to 13th century

AD

Theravada Buddhism flourished in Myanmar since that time thanks to the King

Anawrahta who was the founder of the First Myanmar Empire

The successive Kings built magnificent pagodas, perfecting the architectural skills

with each generation

Bagan(The Glory of Myanmar)



Kayah State



Situated in eastern Myanmar

a major hydroelectric power station is

in Loikaw, the capital of Kayah State

It is inhabited primarily by the Kayah

and Padaung ethnic group

Myeik Archipelago



Located in the southernmost point of Myanmar

Comprises of 800 islands in the Andaman Sea

Myeik is a busy port town and a center for fishing, pearl, rice, dried fished, bird’s

nests and rubber

Many islands still remain unexplored till today

Diving sites in Myeik Archipelago are Black Rock, Myanmar bank, Western Rocky,

North Twin Island and Shark Cave

The water is aqua blue and very clear

A variety of crabs, shrimps, spindle cowries, shark and rays can be found



Western Region



Naga

• The Naga tribes live in the mountains, in the northwest corner of Myanmar close to

India

• Their New Year Celebration is from the 14th to 15th January, and held in one of the

towns in Sagaing Division,

• Tribes from all of Nagaland, from both the Indian side and the Myanmar

• The different Naga tribes, once fierce warriors, gather in their bright and exotic

dresses and celebrate by drinking of rice wine, dancing and feasting on wild boar

meat

Chin State



Rih Lake

Pleasant view of Chin Hill

Hakha

located in western Myanmar

The capital of the state is Hakha

Covered with mountainous region

with few transportation links



Thingyan (Water/New Year) Festival



gy ( )



Yellow Robe Weaving Festival

(November)

Kayin New Year Festival (November)



History and Name of the Country, Facts and

Fi



Presented by;

Group (D)

Figures

U Than Zaw

U Ye Myint KyawU Si Thu Kyaw

U Kyaw Moe Naing

U Aung Phyo

Daw Khin Myo Thwin



History of Myanmar



Three main well-known empires in the Myanmar History;

The First Myanmar Empire was created by King

Anawrahta of the Bagan Dynasty (1044-1077 AD).

The Second Myanmar Empire was created by King

Bayinnaung of the Taungoo Dynasty (1551-1581 AD).

The Third Myanmar Empire was led by King

Alaungpaya of the Konbaung Dynasty (1752-1760 AD).

History of Myanmar



Myanmar has a population of over 59 million. It is made up of

over 130 national races



over 130 national races.

Kachin Kayah Kayin Chin

Bamar Mon Rakhine Shan

Climate Pattern



The rainy season is from June to Oct. The cool

winter is from Nov to Feb and the warm

summer is from March to May.

CoolWinter (Nov to

Feb)

Warm Summer (March to May)

Rainy(June to

Oct)

Major River System



Ayeyarwady - 2170 km (1350 miles) withnavigable distances: 1500 km 930 miles

Chindwin - Approximately 600 miles withnavigable distance 180 km (110 miles) in dryseason, 610 km (380 miles) during the monsoon)

Thanlwin (Salween)- 2816 km (1749miles) withnavigable distance 160 km (100 miles)

Sittaung (Sittang) – 420 km (60 miles) withnavigable distance 40 km

(25 miles). The Sittaung is used to float timber,

particularly teak, south for export.



Art and Cultures from Myanmar



C f y

Panyun ( art and craft of the lacquer-ware maker )Panchi ( art and craft of the drawing & painting )

Panpoot ( art and craft of turning designs on the lathe )

Panbu ( art and craft of sculpture )

Pantaut ( art and craft of making floral designs using masonry)

Pantain ( art and craft of gold and silver smith )

Panbe ( art and craft of blacksmith )

Pantamault ( art and craft of sculpting with stone)

Panyan ( art and craft of bricklaying and masonry )

Pantin ( art and craft of bronze casting )



Hta Manae Festival (February)



A competition between teams of men for donation of GlutinousRice to Lord Buddha

People enjoy watchingcompetition of cooking GlutinousRice

After cooking , Glutinous Rice is

distributed as donation to people



Pouring water to the Boddhi Tree

(Kasone Nyaung Yay ThoonFestival) (May)

Thadingyut Festival of Lights (October)



Taunggyi Tazaungdaing, Hot-Air Balloon Festival

(November)



( )



Traditional Foods in Myanmar



Ministry of Hotel and Tourism

3-10-2013

1

Mr. Kyaw Win Tun

Deputy Director

Directorate of Trade



Reform in Myanmar Role of Ministry of Commerce

Vision , Mission and Objectives of ministry

Rule and regulation of importation and exportation

Trade liberalization and Trade Facilitation measures

Major Export and Import

Foreign trade relations

Myanmar integration into ASEAN Future Potential



Ministry of

Commerce

Minister’s OfficeDirectorate of

Trade

Department of

Border Trade

Myanma

Agricultural

Produce Trading

5



The Ministry of Commerce plays a vital role in the

implementation of the economic reforms towards the

market-oriented economy especially in the trade sector.

8

Vision

“Developing National Economy throughT d ”



9

Trade”Mission

- To increase trade volume- To encourage private sector

development in accordance with the

Market-OrientedEconomic system- To expand market shares for Myanmar Products in the world market through the collaboration with

international organizations- To provide support for trade

facilitation



10

To formulate and implement the trade policies systematicallyin accordance with the market economic system

To implement export promotion and enhance trade by means

of advanced ICT

To expand trade through regional and internationalcooperation

To improve trade environment

To maintain the sufficiency and stability of the essential goods

for domestic consumption and manufacturing industries and stability of prices



To extend and explore the foreign market by utilizing

natural and human resources effectively and to promotethe export of traditional and value-added products.

11

Following goods are given priority to import - capital goods which are major requirement of the State, raw materials, other important goods

goods which support to Public Health, goods that support to export promotion activities and Goods that encourage the production of import

substitution.

C t l f I t/E t T A t



Control of Import/Export Temporary Act

(1947) was effective up to September 2012.On 7th September 2012, the Export and Import

Law has been designated for trading sector.

This law is administered by the Ministry of

Commerce, from time to time, MOC issuesnecessary orders, notifications, directives,

pertaining to all export/import matters.

Still Processing to formulate Rules and Procedure, Consumer Protection laws and

Competition Policy

12



Both Telegraphic Transfer (TT) in advance payment and Letter of Credit (L/C) system are allowed for export and

import.

16

• License fees is exempted on export of any commodity

• Import license fee is payable on CIF value

• Capital goods, machineries and raw materials for Joint

Venture production industries are exempted from license

fees for 2 years of construction period and 3 years starting

from commercially produced period.

License Fees

The list of Commodities granted



- Fertilizer

- Farm Implements

- Farm Machinery

- Insecticides

- Some medicines and pharmaceutical raw materials for

the purpose of supporting the improvement of public

health.

17

Exemption of Import License Fee



For export, all products are allowed except some items

banned by the international organizations’ agreements and

domestic laws, rules and regulations .

For import, some products are prohibited and banned by

the international organizations’ agreements and a few

products which are not allowed to import according to

domestic procedures, rules and regulations.

18



Ministry of commerce already announced Order No

(16/2013) in 28 February, 2013 for export commodities

(152) items and import commodities (166) items can

trade with foreign countries without licenses .However

need to register according to custom clearance

procedure.



Online Licensing System at border check point Online Payment

License issuing not only at the head office Nay Pyi Taw

but also in Yangon Regional Office

Reduction in documents requirements Licensing Procedures to be in line with the Agreement

on Import Licensing Procedures under WTO and

Guideline for the Implementation of Import Licensing

Procedures in ASEAN



27



Sr.no Particular Number

1 Trade Agreements 11

2 Border Trade Agreements, MOU &Protocols on Border Trade

5

3 MOUs on JTC 4

4 Framework Agreement 15 Joint Declaration on Cooperation 1

Total 22



As a member of World Trade Organization, Myanmar believes in multilateral trade and practices in free and fair trade.

Ministry of Commerce is National Focal Point for World Trade Organization◦ Co-ordination with related ministries to notify the relevant law,

rules and regulations to WTO (up to 2001 updated notifications)

◦ Co-ordination with the related ministries to participate in theseminar and workshop held by the WTO

◦ Preparation for Trade Policy Review under WTO TPR mechanism to be done in early 2014



As a member of ASEAN, Myanmar is actively participate in the

implementation of ASEAN Economic Community-2015 Myanmar as a member of ASEAN, Ministry of Commerce is playing

leading role in Free Flow of Goods , Consumer Protection,Competition Policy within the region. For this purpose, Ministry of Commerce is working in cooperation with the Ministry of Finance and Revenue for trade facilitation , customs procedures, tariff reduction and

also cooperation with Ministry of Science and Technology and Ministry of Health for standard and conformity assessment matters and also cooperation with the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation for sanitary and pythosanitary purpose. My ministry mainly concernresponsible subjects are Rule of Origin(ROO) and Non Tarff Measures(NTMs) under Asean Trade in goods Agreement(ATIGA).

Tariff reduction commitments of Myanmar met the timeline of ASEANand Myanmar already reduced the 80% of all tariff lines by 2012.



Th l f t d i M h d ti ll i d t id t f



The volume of trade in Myanmar has dramatically increased at a rapid rate from

US$ 9.7 billion in 2007-08 financial year to US$ 15.2 billion in 2010-11 and US$

18.1 billion in 2012-13respectively and border trade (trade by land) as well.



O t iti



Opportunities

The largest country in mainland South East Asia

Location is geo-strategic, being situated at the tri-junction of South East

Asia-South East Asia and East Asia

Endowed with abundant natural resources

For trade liberalization, participant with AFTA and Other FTA with Asean

and implement TPR, NES, EIF, Trade Facilitation Implementation Plan Good relation with US, EU, Japan, Korea, etc

Reform administrative, economic, social reform

Depend on

Produce value added product based on agriculture , mineral resource

Industries products from FDI and export Promote to services trade and Investment

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