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Using Compressed Files and Folders

• Applications and operating systems read and write to compressed files.

• NTFS uncompresses the file before making it available.

• NTFS compresses the file when you exit or explicitly save the file.

• NTFS allocates disk space based on the uncompressed file size.

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Compressing Files and Folders

• Set the compression state of files and folders.

• Can change the color used to display compressed files and folders.

• Cannot use both NTFS encryption and compression on files or folders.

• Must have write permission to change the compression state.

• Can compress a folder, the files in it, or both.

• Compress a folder and the Confirm Attribute Changes dialog box displays.

• Cannot use compression if the cluster sizes are larger than 4 KB.

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Selecting an Alternate Color

• In Windows Explorer, on the Tools menu, click Folder Options.

• On the View tab, select Display Compressed Files And Folders With Alternate Color.

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Copying and Moving Compressed Files and Folders

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Using NTFS Compression

• Select the types of files to compress.

• Do not store compressed files, such as PKZIP files, in a compressed folder.

• Use a different display color for compressed files.

• Compress static data rather than data that changes frequently.

• Don’t compress files that you copy or move frequently.

Understanding Microsoft Windows 2000 Disk Quota Management

• Tracks and controls disk usage on a per-user, per-volume basis

• Bases disk usage on file and folder ownership

• Ignores compression

• Calculates free space for applications based on the user’s quota limit

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System Administrators Use Disk Quotas

• To specify the amount of disk space for each user

• To set a warning when the user is nearing this limit

• To deny users access if they exceed their limit

• To log an event when a user exceeds a specified disk space threshold

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Setting Disk Quotas

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Determining the Status of Disk Quotas

• Red traffic light – disk quotas are not enabled.

• Yellow traffic light – Windows 2000 is rebuilding disk quota information.

• Green traffic light – the disk quota system is active.

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Monitoring Disk Quotas

• Displays the amount of disk space that each user occupies

• Displays a yellow triangle for users over their quota-warning threshold

• Displays a red circle for users over their quota limit

• Displays the warning threshold and disk quota limit for each user

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Determining Best Uses of Disk Quotas

• Log on as Administrator to install additional components and applications.

• Clear the Deny Disk Space To Users Exceeding Quota Limit check box.

• Set restrictive default limits for all user accounts, and modify if needed.

• Share disk space equally among all users who share a computer.

• Set disk quotas on shared volumes, on public folders, and on network servers.

• Remove all files owned by a user to delete the user’s quota entry.

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Understanding Encrypting File System (EFS)

• Allows users to encrypt NTFS files using a strong public key cryptographic scheme

• Allows users with roaming profiles to use the same key with trusted remote systems

• Requires no administrative effort to begin

• Provides backups and copies of encrypted files that are also encrypted

• Allows you to move or copy files and the files remain encrypted

• Is not defeated by temporary files created during editing and left unencrypted

• Provides the ability for you to set policies to recover EFS encrypted data

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EFS Features

• Transparent encryption

• Strong protection of encryption keys

• Integral data recovery

• Secure temporary and paging files

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Encrypting Files and Folders

• To encrypt files, place them in an encrypted folder.

• All files placed in an encrypted folder are encrypted.

• Compressed files cannot be encrypted.

• A file is encrypted by using file encryption keys.

• A file is encrypted using a different file encryption key for each block.

• All of the file encryption keys are stored and encrypted in the file header.

• Encrypted files are used just like any other file. Encryption is transparent.

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Decrypting Files and Folders

• Clear the Encrypt Contents To Secure Data check box.

• Decrypt a file or folder if people need access to the file or folder.

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Using the Cipher Command

Cipher [/e] [/d] [/s:folder_name] [/a] [/I] [/f] [/q] [/h] [/k] [file_name [. . .]]

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Using the Recovery Agent

• A person is designated as the recovery agent.

• The administrator of the local computer is the default recovery agent.

• The domain administrator is the default recovery agent in a domain.

• The recovery agent can open a file using his or her own private key.

• If the recovery agent is on another computer, send the file to him or her.

• A private key should not be copied to another computer.

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Defragmenting Disks

• Defragmenting disks is the process of finding and consolidating fragmented files and folders.

• Defragmenting disks in Windows 2000 is done using the Disk Defragmenter utility.

• Defragmenting disks has the following goals:• Have each file or folder occupy a single

contiguous space.• Allow your system to access files and folders

more efficiently• Consolidate free space.

• Defragmenting disks can be done on FAT, FAT32, and NTFS volumes.

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The Disk Defragmenter Window

• Red indicates fragmented files.

• Dark blue indicates contiguous files.

• White indicates free space on the volume.

• Green indicates system files, which cannot be moved.

• The Analyze button analyzes the disk for defragmentation.

• The Defragment button defragments the disk.

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Using Disk Defragmenter Effectively

• Run Disk Defragmenter when the system will receive the least use.

• Defragment hard disks at least once a month.

• Analyze the target volume before you install large applications.

• Defragment your hard disk after you delete a large number of files.