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Transcript of 1 Understanding the TCP/IP Protocol Suite Industry standard Enables enterprise networking and...
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Understanding the TCP/IP Protocol Suite
• Industry standard
• Enables enterprise networking and connectivity
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Advantages of TCP/IP in a Microsoft Windows 2000 Configuration
• Provides a routable networking protocol
• Connects dissimilar systems
• Supports a robust, scaleable, cross-platform client/server framework
• Supports Windows Sockets (Winsock)
• Provides access to Internet resources
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Four Layers
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Configuring TCP/IP to Use a Static Address
• By default, client computers running Microsoft Windows 2000, Microsoft Windows 98, or Microsoft Windows 95 obtain TCP/IP configuration information automatically.
• Some computers should always be assigned a static IP address, for example the computer running the DHCP Service.
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Options Used in Configuring a Static TCP/IP Address
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Configuring TCP/IP to Obtain an IP Address Automatically
04/22/23 00:20 Windows 2000 Professional / Chapter 7 6
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Using Automatic Private IP Addressing
• Extension of dynamic IP address assignment for LAN adapters
• Enables configuration of IP addresses without• Using static IP address assignment• Installing the DHCP Service
• Configure network LAN adapter to Obtain An IP Address Automatically
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Steps in Automatic Private IP Addressing
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Disabling Automatic Private IP Addressing
• Enabled by default.
• Add the IPAutoconfigurationEnabled value to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\Adapter subkey.
• Set IPAutoconfigurationEnabled value to 0.
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Using TCP/IP Utilities
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Using Ipconfig
• Use ipconfig /all to verify the TCP/IP configuration parameters on a host.
• Use ipconfig /all | more to prevent the ipconfig output from scrolling off the screen.
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Example 1, Understanding Ipconfig /all
If the configuration is initialized• Ipconfig displays the IP address and subnet
mask.• Ipconfig displays the default gateway if it is
assigned.
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Example 2, Understanding Ipconfig /all
If a duplicate IP address exists• Ipconfig indicates IP address is configured.• Subnet mask is 0.0.0.0.
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Example 3, Understanding Ipconfig /all
No server running the DHCP Service on the network• IP address provided by Automatic Private IP
Addressing• IP address is 169.254.0.0 through
169.254.255.255
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Using Ping
• Use to test connectivity
• Use to determine if a host is available and functional
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Using Ipconfig and Ping
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Introduction to NWLink
• NWLink IPX/SPX/NetBIOS-compatible transport protocol
• Microsoft’s implementation of Novell’s NetWare IPX/SPX protocol
• Commonly used where • Clients running Microsoft operating systems
access resources on NetWare servers• Clients running NetWare access resources on
computers running Microsoft operating systems
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Understanding NWLink Features
• Supports communications with NetWare networks
• Supports sockets and NetBIOS over IPX
• Provides NetWare clients with access to Windows 2000 Servers
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Installing NWLink
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Configuring NWLink
• Frame type
• Network number
• Internal network number
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Configuring NWLink (continued)
• By default, Windows 2000 detects a frame type and a network number.
• Windows 2000 provides a generic network number.
• Each network adapter card bound to NWLink in a computer requires a frame type and a network number.
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Frame Type
• The frame type defines the way that the network adapter card formats data.
• The NWLink frame type should match the frame type on the NetWare server.
• You can manually configure the frame type.
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Topologies and Frame Types
• Ethernet supports Ethernet II, 802.3, 802.2, and SNAP.
• Token Ring topology supports 802.5 and SNAP.
• FDDI supports 802.2 and SNAP.
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Network Numbers
• Each frame type configured on a network adapter cardrequires a network number.
• The network number must be unique for each network segment.
• Computers on a segment using the same frame type must use the same network number to communicate with each other.
• Use Registry Editor to manually specify a network number.
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Internal Network Numbers
• Uniquely identifies a computer on the network for internal routing
• Eight-digit hexadecimal number that is set to 00000000 by default
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Manually Assign an Internal Network Number if
• FPNW is installed and there are multiple frame types on a single adapter
• FPNW is installed and NWLink is bound to multiple adapters in the computer
• An application is using the NetWare Service Advertising Protocol (SAP)
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Introduction to NetBEUI
• Developed for LANs with 20 to 200 computers
• Small, fast, and efficient protocol
• Not routable
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NetBEUI Capabilities
• Connection-oriented and connectionless communication between computers
• Self-configuration and self-tuning
• Error protection
• Small memory overhead
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NetBEUI Limitations
• Designed for departmental-sized LANs
• Must connect computers running Windows 2000 and NetBEUI by using bridges
• Relies on broadcasts for many of its functions
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DLC
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AppleTalk Protocol
• Allows computers running Windows 2000 Server and Apple Macintosh clients to share files and printers.
• A computer running Windows 2000 Services for Macintoshmust be available on the network.
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Network Monitor Driver 2
• Collects and displays statistics about activity detected by the network card.
• View these statistics on a computer running Network Monitor Agent Service.
• Use Microsoft Systems Management Server and Network Monitor to collect statistics from computers running Network Monitor Agent.
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Introduction to Network Bindings
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Combining Network Bindings
• You can select which protocols are bound to the network adapter cards.
• When adding network software, Windows 2000 automatically binds all dependent network components accordingly.
• Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) 5 provides the local security database that Windows 2000 uses to validate the logon information.
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Configuring Network Bindings
• In the Network And Dial-Up Connections window, click Advanced, and then click Advanced Settings to configure network bindings.
• Only an experienced network administrator who is familiar with the requirements of the network software should attempt to change binding settings.
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Specifying Binding Order
• You can specify binding order to optimize network performance.
• To specify the binding order, in the Network And Dial-Up Connections window, click Advanced, and then click Advanced Settings.