1. Understanding Earthquake Gen San 2011_ Milo

7/25/2019 1. Understanding Earthquake Gen San 2011_ Milo

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NANE M. DANLAGNANE M. DANLAG

KIDAPAWAN

UnderstandinUnderstandingg

HAZARDSHAZARDS

EarthquakeEarthquake

andand


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A weak to violentshaking of the ground

produced by the sudden

movement of rock

materials below the

earths surface

KIDAPAWAN


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Volcanicearthquakes produced by movement of

magma beneath volcanoes

Tectonicearthquakes produced by sudden

movement along faults and plate

boundaries

Types of Natural EarthquakesTypes of Natural Earthquakes

KIDAPAWAN


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VOLCANO- the term signifes a vent,hill, or mountain rom which molten orHot rocks with gaseous materials areejected !he term also a""lies to craters,

hills or mountains ormed #$ removal o"re-e%isting materials or #$ accumulatioo ejected materials

What is aWhat is aVOLCANOVOLCANO


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&H'VOLC( CLA((')'CA!'ON O) VOLCA

ACTIVE VLCAN!"ith eru#ti$n in hist$ri% ti&es

!'(C dating )'*+*** ,ears

!-$%a- seis&i% a%tiit,!$ra- /$-k-$ri% hist$r,

INACTIVE VLCAN! n$ re%$rd $/ eru#ti$ns

! its /$r& is 0eginning t$ %hange 0,the agents $/ "eathering and er$si$nia /$r&ati$n $/ dee# and -$ng gu--ies

&H'VOLC( CLA((')'CA!'ON O) VOLCA&H'VOLC( CLA((')'CA!'ON O) VOLCA

!12 a%tie $-%an$es


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3TENTIALL4 ACTIVE VLCAN3TENTIALL4 ACTIVE VLCAN

-ge$-$gi%a--, ,$ung+ #$ssi0-, eru#ted )'*+*** 5%$$site $-%an$es6 and )17+*** 5/$r %a-deras6

! ge$&$r#h$-$gi%a--, ,$ung8

-$" degree $/ er$si$n and disse%ti$n+ ,$ung ent /eatures+ 9:! egetati$n %$er+ sus#e%ted seis&i% a%tiit,

(PHIVOLCS classifcation introduced ~ 199!


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LA+*( O) !H*LA+*( O) !H*

*A!H*A!H

corecore

mantlemantle

Why and how earthquakes occur?Why and how earthquakes occur?

corecore

mantlemantle

corecore

crustcrustmantmant

lele

!he earth has la$ers

corcoree

crustcrust


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Internal Structure of the EarthInternal Structure of the Earth



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Outer la$er o the earth.C/(!0 is #roken into several

"ieces

Like aneggshell with

cracks1ajor !ectonic &lates o1ajor !ectonic &lates o

the 2orldthe 2orld



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TECTONIC !"TESTECTONIC !"TES

KIDAPAWAN


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&late !ectonics&late !ectonics


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T#ES O$ !"TE %O&N'"(IEST#ES O$ !"TE %O&N'"(IES

T("NS$O() 'IVE(*ENT CONVE(*ENT


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KIDAPAWAN

2here do *arth3uakesoccur4


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KIDAPAWAN



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KIDAPAWAN



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Te%t$ni% 3-ates in the i%init, $/ the 3hi-i##ines

Why and how earthquakes occurWhy and how earthquakes occur


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!ocation of Earthquake!ocation of EarthquakeEpicenterEpicenter!! point on the surface ofpoint on the surface of

the earth directly above the focusthe earth directly above the focus

$ocus +$ocus + point inside the earth where the earth!uake startedpoint inside the earth where the earth!uake started


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Magnitude 5energ,6Magnitude 5energ,6

measured by instrumentsmeasured by instrumentsenergy released at theenergy released at the

focusfocusArabic numbers, e.g. 5.3,Arabic numbers, e.g. 5.3,

7.8, etc.)7.8, etc.)

)easuring the ST(EN*T, of an Earthquake)easuring the ST(EN*T, of an Earthquake

seismometer

felt and observedbased on relative eect to people and structuresgenerally higher near theepicenteroman !umerals e.g. "#,

"$, etc.

Intensit, 5shaking6Intensit, 5shaking6


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INTENSIT#INTENSIT#

';


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KIDAPAWAN

Roman Numerals decreases with distance from epicenter

Scarcely perceptible

slightly felt

- weak

V moderately strong

V strong

V very strong

V destructive

V very destructive

X devastating

X completely devastating

INTENSIT#INTENSIT#

KIDAPAWAN


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KIDAPAWAN

56 "ermanent .manned0 seismicstations

56 unmanned seismic stations.using V(A!0

7 volcanological o#servatories

" 5 remote stations .&arker and1atutum0

%&"#'(* !ational +arthuae%&"#'(* !ational +arthuae

onitoring !et/oronitoring !et/or

8ida"awan Cit$

9am#oanga Cit$

:i"olog Cit$

Caga$an de OroCit$

:avao Cit$

;en (antos Cit$


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KIDAPAWAN

GEN. SANTOS CITY SEISMIC STATION

MSU CAMPUS, BRGY. FATIMA, GEN. SANTOS CITY

TEL. NO.: (083) 553-8133


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PHILIPPINESEISMICITY"*"icenters oearth3uakes"1agnitude = or greater

">6?@ 5???

"B5? earth3uakesda$

"B>D? to 5?? with elt

intensities$ear

"6? destructiveearth3uakes in the "ast=?? $ears


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EarthquakeEarthquake

*enerators in the*enerators in the

hilippineshilippines

An ACTIVE FAULT is

defined as a fault,

which has movedwithin the last 10,000

years


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E"(T,-&".E ,"/"('SE"(T,-&".E ,"/"('S


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E"(T,-&".E ,"/"('SE"(T,-&".E ,"/"('S

!iquefaction

+ very soft soil

!andslides

+ slope failure

Tsunami

+ 0ave

secondary ha1ard2

$ire

*round shaking

+ shake

*round rupture

+ cut


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0'1!2 *&A"!0 of 47 August 4760'1!2 *&A"!0 of 47 August 476

oro 0ulf +arthuaeoro 0ulf +arthuae


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KIDAPAWAN


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1agnitude1agnitude

7?7?

N*2N*2

9*ALAN:9*ALAN:

)e# 55, 5?>>)e# 55, 5?>>

KIDAPAWAN


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*round (upture and $issuring*round (upture and $issuringcreation o new or the renewed movements oold ractures, otentimes with the two #lockson #oth sides moving in o""osite directions

*(O&N'*(O&N'

(&T&(E(&T&(E

1!!0, Lu"on E#, $ueva Vi"caya


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LuEonLuEon>66?>66?

)ault)ault

u"tureu"ture

$%a#& Nue!a Ec'a$%a#& Nue!a Ec'a

;O/N;O/N

::/&!//&!/

* eFects* eFects


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*round (upture*round (upture

and $issuringand $issuring

!I-&E$"CTION!I-&E$"CTION


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+ a process that transforms+ a process that transforms

the behavior of a body ofthe behavior of a body of

sediment from that of asediment from that of a

solid to that of a liquidsolid to that of a liquid)indoro3 4556)indoro3 4556

!I-&E$"CTION!I-&E$"CTION

7h th d l t th thi b ilt7h th d l t th thi b ilt


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7hen the ground loses strength3 anything built7hen the ground loses strength3 anything builton top of it may sink and tilt888on top of it may sink and tilt888

'agupan3 4559'agupan3 4559

Cotabato3 45:;


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!andslides and (ockfalls!andslides and (ockfalls

slope failures in steep or hilly slopes

!andsli

descar


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!andslides!andslidesandand

(ockfalls(ockfalls


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#$%NA&'#$%NA&'" (iant sea waves due tovertical large)scale

displacement of the sea

floor associated with a

strong shallow earth!uake*

KIDAPAWAN


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1agnitude1agnitude

7?7?

N*2N*29*ALAN:9*ALAN:

)e# 55, 5?>>)e# 55, 5?>>

SECON'"(#SECON'"(#

,"/"(',"/"('

$I(E$I(E

KIDAPAWAN


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!elea% G .?7=0 D5>-?D67

1o#ile No G

1. Understanding Earthquake Gen San 2011_ Milo

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