1 Ubiquitous Computing Nov. 15, 2006 Ki-Joune Li.

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Ubiquitous Computing

Nov. 15, 2006

Ki-Joune Li

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STEMPusan National University

STEM-PNU

Cyber Space vs. Ubiquitous Space

VS.

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Ubiquitous Space vs. Internet Space

Internet Space

Real World

user user user

Gates to Dive into the Internet Space

Virtual Reality

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Cyber Space

Real World

user

user

user

user

Ubiquitous Space

AugmentedReality

Bridge to connect

Cyber space and real world

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Human-Computer InterfaceHuman-Computer Interface Multimedia Interface

1 Computer : 1 Human

Multimedia Interface

1 Computer : 1 Human

Invisible Interface

N Devices : 1 Human

Invisible Interface

N Devices : 1 Human

System ArchitectureSystem ArchitectureClient-Server or

Centralized ArchitectureClient-Server or

Centralized Architecture Massive ParallelismMassive Parallelism

Internet ComputingInternet Computing Ubiquitous ComputingUbiquitous Computing

RealityRealityVirtual Reality and

Cyber SpaceVirtual Reality and

Cyber SpaceAugmented Reality and

Context AwarenessAugmented Reality and

Context Awareness

MobilityMobility Limited MobilityLimited Mobility MobilityMobility

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Augmented Reality ?

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Example of Augmented RealityCase 1: Multi-Projector

[Bauhaus Institute]

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Example of Augmented RealityCase 2: Surgery

[INRIA]

[Univ. Rochester]

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Example of Augmented RealityCase 3: Pedestrian Information

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Augmented Reality !

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STEM-PNURequirements of Ubiquitous Computing

Requirements of Ubiquitous Computing

Mobility

Wireless Communication

Context-Awareness

Scalability

Energy Efficiency

Tiny Hardware

Tiny Hardware

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Architecture of Ubiquitous Computing

Wireless CommunicationWireless Communication

CDMA, WCDMACDMA, WCDMA WiBroWiBro WLANWLAN DMBDMB MANETMANET

MiddlewareMiddleware

ApplicationsApplications

Telematics, ITSTelematics, ITS LogisticsLogistics EmergencyEmergency TourismTourism Home NetworkHome Network

DeviceDevice

Stationary DeviceStationary Device Mobile DeviceMobile Device SensorSensor ActuatorActuator

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Communication Infrastructure

Wireless Communication : Fundamental RequirementWireless Communication : Fundamental Requirement

NOT Only ONE Communication : Convergence of Communication NOT Only ONE Communication : Convergence of Communication

CDMA : Currently AvailableCDMA : Currently Available

WiBro (Wireless Broadband) : Between CDMA and WLANWiBro (Wireless Broadband) : Between CDMA and WLAN

WLAN : High Speed, but Limited AreaWLAN : High Speed, but Limited Area

DMB : Broadcasting, One Way CommunicationDMB : Broadcasting, One Way Communication

MANET (Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) : Without Network InfrastructureMANET (Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) : Without Network Infrastructure

Bluetooth : High Speed, but Very Limited AreaBluetooth : High Speed, but Very Limited Area

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RequirementsRequirements

Communication Infrastructure

Mobility : WLAN (very limited), CDMA (>250 Km/h), WiBro (>60 Km/h ?)Mobility : WLAN (very limited), CDMA (>250 Km/h), WiBro (>60 Km/h ?)

Bandwidth : Very Large Number of Messages due to Massive Parallelism WLAN (>1 Mbps), CDMA( 100Kbps), WiBro ( 1Mbps)

Bandwidth : Very Large Number of Messages due to Massive Parallelism WLAN (>1 Mbps), CDMA( 100Kbps), WiBro ( 1Mbps)

IPv6 and Ad-Hoc NetworkIPv6 and Ad-Hoc Network

Cheap PriceCheap Price SecuritySecurity

Coverage : WLAN (100m), CDMA (1~3Km), WiBro(1Km)Coverage : WLAN (100m), CDMA (1~3Km), WiBro(1Km)

ConvergenceConvergence

Goal : To Cover the space with Broadband Mobile Wireless CommunicationGoal : To Cover the space with Broadband Mobile Wireless Communication

Energy ConsumptionEnergy Consumption

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But Not Like This !

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Sensors and Devices

Bridge between Real World and Cyber SpaceBridge between Real World and Cyber Space

Size : From Smart Dust to PDA, Cellular Phone or PCSize : From Smart Dust to PDA, Cellular Phone or PC

Wireless communication with other sensors or devices is essentialWireless communication with other sensors or devices is essential

Sensor : Context-Awareness (Temperature, Light, Humidity, and POSITION )Sensor : Context-Awareness (Temperature, Light, Humidity, and POSITION )

Location-Awareness Location-Awareness

GPS, RFID, RTLS, etc..GPS, RFID, RTLS, etc..

Energy Consumption ProblemEnergy Consumption Problem

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Context Awareness and Sensors

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in Real-Time

Large Number of Nodese.g. 1 Million Nodes

→ 1 sec/ node

Scalability and Real-Time Constraint

Central Server for Contextual InformationCentral Server for Contextual Information

MobileNode

MobileNode

DynamicUpdates of

Position

ContextRequest

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

DBstationary and mobile nodes

DBstationary and mobile nodes

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Ubiquitous Computing ArchitectureUbiquitous Computing Architecture

Middleware

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MiddlewareMiddleware MiddlewareMiddleware MiddlewareMiddleware

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MobileNode

MiddlewareMiddleware MiddlewareMiddleware MiddlewareMiddleware3-Tiers Architecture3-Tiers Architecture

ServerServer ServerServer ServerServer

MiddlewareMiddleware

ClientClient ClientClient ClientClient

Massively Distributed Environment

Binding Client and Server

Binding Mobile Nodes

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P2P or MANET

1 Ubiquitous Computing Nov. 15, 2006 Ki-Joune Li.

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