1 The study of biochemistry is necessary to understand Microbiology Habitat Diet.
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Transcript of 1 The study of biochemistry is necessary to understand Microbiology Habitat Diet.
1The study of biochemistry is necessary to understand Microbiology
Habitat
Diet
2Why Chemistry?
Conflict between microbe and host.
Vibrio cholera toxin inserting into intestinal cells.
3Terms and Definitions to review and Remember:
• Atom, protons, neutrons, electrons, isotopes, elements, molecules, ions, anions, cations, compounds, covalent bonds, ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, pH, acids, and bases.
• Solution
•Suspension Andcolloids
4Chemical Reactions
• Synthesis or decomposition reactions– More when we cover metabolism.
• Reactants Products (general)• Substrate(s) Products (enzymatic)
C12H22O11 + H2O 2 C6H12O6
Hydrolysis (left to right) Dehydration (right to left)
+ H2Ohttp://www.unisanet.unisa.edu.au/08365/timages/sucrose.jpg
5Covalent and Hydrogen bonds
Water
Covalent Bonds: sharing of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms. Strong.
Hydrogen bonds: electrical attraction between electronegative oxygen atom and nearly naked proton. Weak.
mdp2.phys.ucl.ac.uk/ Talks/Ice/Ice.html
6H-bonds hold large molecules together
Example: A-T base pair in DNA
http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/Fg10_16a.gif
7Hydrophilic and hydrophobic
Surfaces made of molecules without polar groups (e.g. CH3CH2CH2CH2.) repel water.
9Small molecules (monomers) and macromolecules (polymers)
Ethylene and polyethylene
10Carbohydrates: CH2O
Monosaccharides: glucose, fructose, many others
Disaccharides: sucrose, lactose
Oligosaccharides: found on glycoproteins, in cytoplasm (oligo- means “few”)
Polysaccharides: starch, glycogen, agar, chitin, xanthan gum
15Nucleic acids are the polymers made from nucleotides.
DNA tRNA
http://www.biochem.uwo.ca/meds/medna/IMG/tRNA.GIF
18
Phospholipids are essential building blocks for membranes; sterol-type molecules are rarely found in bacteria.