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Transcript of 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction...
![Page 1: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
The Nonhydrostatic
Icosahedral (NIM)
Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction
Alexander E. MacDonald
Earth System Research Lab
Climate Test Bed Seminar
June 3, 2009
World Weather Building
NIM Design: Jin Luen Lee and Alexander E. MacDonald
![Page 2: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
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Flow-following- finite-volume
Icosahedral Model FIM
X-section location
Temp at lowest level
![Page 3: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
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![Page 4: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
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![Page 5: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
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NIM Talk Summary
1. NIM equations.
2. NIM grid, numerical and computational formulation.
3. NIM test cases.
4. Cloud resolving global models and 100 day prediction.
3. NIM schedule.
![Page 6: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
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NIM 3-D finite volume nonhydrostatic equations on Z-coordinate:
![Page 7: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
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NIM Talk Summary
1. NIM equations.
2. NIM grid, numerical and computational formulation.
3. NIM test cases.
4. Cloud resolving global models and 100 day prediction.
5. NIM schedule.
![Page 8: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
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• Horizontal discretization on Icosahedral grid.• Computations: Single loop, table described, indirect
addressed (Scalable to 100,000 CPUs).• Explicit 3rd-order Adams-Bashforth (AB3) time differencing.• Model variables defined on a non-staggered A-grid.• Finite-Volume line integration on local coordinate.• AB3-multistep Flux Conserving Transport: extend Zalesak’s
(1979) two-time level to multiple time levels.• FIM: ALE in vertical (sigma-theta hybrid) GFS physics, GSI Initialization + …….• NIM: 3-D finite-volume formulated on control volume, height-
coordinate, GFS physics, + ……
Lee and MacDonald (2009): A Finite-Volume Icosahedral Shallow Water Model in Local Coordinate, MWR, 2009, in press (on-line early release)
FIM/NIM model characteristics:
![Page 9: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
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N=((2**n)**2)*10 + 2 ; 5th level – n=5 N=10242 ~ 240km; max(d)/min(d)~1.26th level – n=6 N= N=40962 ~ 120km; 7th level – n=7N=163842 ~60km8th level – n=8N=655,362 ~30km; 9th level – n=9N=2,621,442 ~15km10th level ~7.km; 11th level ~3.5km , 12th level ~1.7km
Icosahedral Grid Generation
n=0 n=1
n=2 n=3
![Page 10: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
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e.g., numerics, volume-finitefor suitable
Finite Volume Numerical Weather Prediction:
Represent fields as “total over volume”, using integral relations:
Advantage over finite difference: Perfectly conservative.
![Page 11: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
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3-D finite volumeNonhydrostaticIcosahedral Model
• Finite Volume •Control volume coordinate •Full conservative form •Characteristic vert. sound waves• •Designed for GPU •Fourth order time accuracy •Piecewise Parabolic space (3rd order)
![Page 12: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
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![Page 13: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
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Graphic Processing Units: On a Steep Performance Curve
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![Page 15: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
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2011: GPU 4 KM NIM 1 Day Forecast Projected
Processors Points per Processor
Time (hours)
Percent of Real Time
1280 32768 1.87 7.8%
2560 16384 .99 4.1%
5120 8192 .56 2.3%
10240 4096 .33 1.3%
20480 2048 .20 .8%
40960 1024 .15 .6%
![Page 16: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
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NIM Talk Summary
1. NIM equations.
2. NIM grid, numerical and computational formulation.
3. NIM test cases.
4. Cloud resolving global models and 100 day prediction.
5. NIM schedule.
![Page 17: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
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Preliminary NIM 2-D test cases:
1. Mountain waves.
2. Warm bubble.
3. Heating forced vertically propagating acoustic waves.
![Page 18: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
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Numerical experiment on mountain waves
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Warm Bubble simulation:
A rising thermal in an isentropic atmosphere.
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t= 0.5 min
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Test 3:
Heating forced vertical acoustic wavesto test upper boundary reflections.
![Page 54: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
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Explicit treatment of vertically propagated acoustic waves
“Correct solution”: Explicit with top boundary at 80 km, 20 shown.
![Page 55: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
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Test of implicit form, vertical propagated acoustic waves
Implicit (e.g. WRF tri-diaganol) vertical sound waves have reflection problems.
![Page 56: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
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NIM Talk Summary
1. NIM equations.
2. NIM grid, numerical and computational formulation.
3. NIM test cases.
4. Cloud resolving global models and 100 day prediction.
5. NIM schedule.
![Page 57: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
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Statements by Prof. J. Shukla at Hollingsworth Symposium:
• Proper numerical treatment of mid-latitude waves gives 10 day predictability.
• Proper numerical treatment of tropical deep convection gives predictability out to 100 days.
![Page 58: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
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OLR Hovmoller showing MJO simulation
NICAM dx=3.5 km(Non-hydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model)
Courtesy of Prof. Satoh (Science, Dec. 7, 2007)
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NIM Talk Summary
1. NIM equations.
2. NIM grid, numerical and computational formulation.
3. NIM test cases.
4. Cloud resolving global models and 100 day prediction.
5. NIM schedule.
![Page 60: 1 The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral (NIM) Model: Description and Potential Use in Climate Prediction Alexander E. MacDonald Earth System Research Lab Climate.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bfb61a28abf838c9e3c8/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
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NIM Development and Implementation Schedule
• Model design complete Dec 2008
• Initial dynamic model coded Mar 2009
• Initial dynamic model test Jun 2009
• Initial full physics test Dec 2009
• Prediction test and debug 2010
• Continuous real-time runs 2011
• Full GPU NIM runs 2012
• Available for operations 2013