1 The EU Structural Funds, The 2007-2013 Italian National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) and...

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The EU Structural Funds, The 2007-2013 Italian National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) and Cohesion Policy 2014-2020 Local and Global Development

Regional Economic Policies2015/2016

Professor Cristina Brasili

https://mail.unibo.it/owa/redir.aspx?C=1d85d11fdbc4465884438e2b9239abd5&URL=http://www.unaltrastoriatp.org/


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EU Cohesion Policy or Regional Policy

EU regional policy is an investment policy. It supports job creation, competitiveness, economic growth, improved quality of life and sustainable development. These investments support the delivery of the Europe 2020 strategy.

The bulk of Cohesion Policy funding is concentrated on less developed European countries and regions in order to help them to catch up and to reduce the economic, social and territorial disparities that still exist in the EU.

http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/index_en.cfm

http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/index_en.cfm



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EU Regional policy 2007-2013Key Objectives The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) , the European Social Fund (ESF) and the Cohesion Fund support the achievement of three objectives - «Convergence», «Regional Competitiveness and Employment» and «European Territorial Cooperation». The rationale of the Convergence objective is to promote growth-enhancing conditions and factors leading to real convergence for the least-developed Member States and regions. In EU-27, this objective concerns – within 18 Member States – 84 regions with a total population of 154 million, and per capita GDP at less than 75 % of the Community average, and – on a “phasing-out” basis – another 16 regions with a total of 16.4 million inhabitants and a GDP only slightly above the threshold, due to the statistical effect of the larger EU. Resources: EUR 282.8 billion for the UE (81.5% of the Cohesion Policy); Convergence Objective in Italy (first assignation) EUR 21.6 billion



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http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/en/

•Convergence Regions •Phasing-out Regions •Phasing-in Regions •Competitiveness and Employment Regions

http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/en/



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Outside the Convergence regions, the Regional Competitiveness and Employment objective aims at strengthening competitiveness and attractiveness, as well as employment, through a two-fold approach.

First, development programmes will help regions to anticipate and promote economic change through innovation and the promotion of the knowledge society, entrepreneurship, the protection of the environment, and the improvement of their accessibility.

Second, more and better jobs will be supported by adapting the workforce and by investing in human resources. In EU-27, a total of 168 regions will be eligible, representing 314 million inhabitants. Within these, 13 regions which are home to a total of 19 million inhabitants represent so-called “phasing-in” areas and are subject to special financial allocations due to their former status as “Objective 1” regions. Resources: EUR 55 billion for the UE (81.5% of the Cohesion Policy); Competitivness and Employment Objective in Italy (first assignation) EUR 6.3 billion 5

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The European Territorial Co-operation objective will strengthen cross-border co-operation through joint local and regional initiatives, trans-national co-operation aiming at integrated territorial development, and interregional co-operation and exchange of experience. The population living in cross-border areas amounts to 181.7 million (37.5% of the total EU population), whereas all EU regions and citizens are covered by one of the existing 13 transnational co-operation areas. EUR 8.7 billion (2.5% of the total) available for this objective is split as follows: EUR 6.44 billion for cross-border, EUR 1.83 billion for transnational and EUR 445 million for inter-regional co-operation.

This objective is based on the experience drawn from the former Community initiative – INTERREG.

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The National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF)

2007-2013

The NSRF (National Strategic Reference Framework) 2007–2013 constitutes the reference document for the programming of European Union Funds at national level for the 2007–2013 period. It was elaborated within the framework of the new strategic approach to the Cohesion Policy of the European Union, according to which NSRF “…ensures that the assistance from the Funds is consistent with the Community strategic guidelines on cohesion and identifies the link between Community priorities, on the one hand, and the national reform programme, on the other.” With this aim, Italy elaborated the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) to distribute the resources allocated to our country by the EU cohesion policy, reaching out the South as well as North-Centre regions.

The National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) contains

IntroductionThe process of elaboration of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) 2007-2013

I CONTEXT: COMPETITIVENESS GAP AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES II REGIONAL POLICY: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND PRACTICEIII OBJECTIVES AND PRIORITIESIV OPERATIVES PROGRAMES BY GEOGRAPHIC MACRO-AREA ( Objs. CONVERGENCE, REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AND EMPLOYMENT, EUROPEAN TERRITORIAL COOPERATION)V FINANCIAL FRAMEWORKVI IMPLEMENTATION

APPENDIX: INDICATORS AND TARGETS OF THE 2007-2013 REGIONAL POLICY

Let’s have a look at the CONTEXT...................

Figure 6- Distribution of the GDP per capita in PPP (Purchasing Power Parity) in EU NUTS2 Regions (EU27) – 2003

Italian Regions Obj. CRO and phasing-in CRO

Italian Regions Obj. CONV. and phasing-out CONV

THE ITALIAN NATIONAL STRATEGIC REFERENCE FRAMEWORK (NSRF) for the regional development policy 2007-2013


Female Employment rate 15-64 anni (%)

Employment rate targets to be reached by 2010 according to the Lisbon Strategy and Employment rates value for Italy and EU in 2000 and 2005

Women

THE REGIONAL POLICY: A SUPPLY-SIDE POLICY

The NSRF departs from the assumption that economic growth is the result of the availability of abundant factors such as capital and labour, rather it stresses the fact that growth, and development more precisely, derives from the cohexistence of a number of conditions that define the context in which economic activities take place and economic agents interact (see the orginal version of the NSRF on page 50)


Lessons learnt from the 2000-2006 experience

The evaluation activities carried out on the 2000-2006 regional policy aimed to ensure the effective performance of actions co-financed by the Community Structural Funds: a system implemented at level of each programme and standardised as for methodologies procedures, techniques and contents. The evaluation analysis carefully examined the implementation and performance process of 2000-2006 Regional Policy and OPs programming and revealed both the achievements - at regional and national levels – as well as the factors had prevented reaching the prefixed targets. The analysis issued a positive evaluation of the general structure of the regional development policy, praising the fact that it is a supply-side policy that makes use of evaluation and monitoring systems, performance-based allocation criteria, multi-level governance and integrated territorial projects (see the orginal version of the NSRF on page 52).


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One of the most relevant innovation of the Community Support Framework (CSF) 2000-2006 is the identification and use of the BREAKTHROUGH VARIABLES

The 1999 “Mezzogiorno” (Southern Italy) Development Plan (Reg. ce 1260/1999) states that

It is necessary to identify the “break points” with previous experience and define a limited number of breakthrough variables on which to act Those breakthrough variables have been used as intermediate objectives to be reached by the programmatic actions

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List of BREAKTHROUGH VARIABLES (I)

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List of BREAKTHROUGH VARIABLES (II)

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The 2007-2013 NSRF Approach is structured around 4 macro-objectives and 10 priorities

a) Developing knowledge circuits Priority 1: Improvement and use of human resourcesPriority 2: Promotion, use and dissemination of research and innovation for the competitiveness

b) Improving living standards, security and social inclusionPriority 3: Energy and environment: sustainable and efficient use of the resources for developmentPriority 4: Social Inclusion and services for the quality of life and territorial attractiveness

c) Fostering clusters, services and competition Priority 5: Use of natural and cultural resources for the attraction and developmentPriority 6: Networking and connections for mobilityPriority 7: Competitiveness of production systems and employmentPriority 8: Competitiveness and attractiveness of cities and urban systems

d) Internationalising and modernising the economy Priority 9: International opening and attraction of investments, consumption and resourcesPriority 10: Governance, institutional capacity and competitive and effective markets

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The Ten Priorities of the NSRF 2007-2013

Priority 1: Improvement and development of human resources

Aimed at promoting the dissemination of high levels of competence, equity of access and capacity for continuous learning for the population. It promotes the actions that can trigger the necessary recovery, especially in the South, of the knowledge, skills and competences of the youth and to integrate or update the competences of the adults.

Priority 2. Promotion, use and dissemination of research and innovation for the competitiveness

It focuses on the commitment of the unitary regional policy to contribute to bridge the most evident gap in the country. In this context, the resources must be addressed, with meritocratical criteria, on the basis of international standards, to the excellences in the territory; to the triggering and the strengthening of some mechanisms for the "mediation" between research and the world of business that is capable of evaluating in terms of innovation and productivity the progresses of national research; to the transformation of knowledge into productive applications, including strengthening the role of information technologies as a main factor of innovation.

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Priority 3: Energy and environment: sustainable and efficient use of the resources for development

The environmental interventions aim at promoting the technological production chains and at increasing the availability of energy resources through the saving and the increase of the rate of energy produced by renewable resources. Will be carried out, in continuity with the settings done in 2000-2006 period, (and with a precise identification of the "service objectives" expressed as final the results to be achieved by 2013, for water services and services of waste management) investments aiming at the efficient management of the resources and the protection of the territory.

Priority 4. Social inclusion and services for the quality of life and the territorial attractiveness

It predicts interventions of improvement of the organization, availability and quality of social services, and actions to prevent and combat the crime, particularly in certain regions of Southern Italy. They will be conducted with a strong emphasis on the quality of human resources involved and with a link to the territorial initiatives that are stronger than the previously experienced ones.

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Priority 5: Use of natural and cultural resources for the attraction and development

It focuses on the use of the natural and the cultural assets that may become a development opportunity for very different territories, by identifying, as a condition of success of this policy, the realization of projects that are able of activating the chain of cultural and environmental tourism and the concentration, even in the South Italy, on the projects of excellence, that are able to use the potentials of big cultural and natural attractions that are already benefiting from the flows of the international tourist demand.

Priority 6. Networking and connections for mobility

It specifies the types of actions and conditions under which the regional unitary policy may contribute to the activities for the mobility and the logistics, on the basis of the productive demand of the territories of reference, and for the improvement of the connections among territorial systems and among cities.

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Priority 7: Competitiveness of production systems and employment

It specifies the objectives and the general methods with which the regional unitary policy acts in local systems to capture specific opportunities to integrate better the human resources policies and the economic development policies, in order to open the territories to external knowledge and actors, and to aggregate the players of the territory around innovation projects of national importance.

Priority 8. Competitiveness and attractiveness of cities and urban systems

This strategic priority is divided into programs for metropolitan cities, of which must be evaluated the driving function and the competitive potentials in the over-regional and international markets; and for inter-municipal territorial systems where the economical - productive connections or the territorial scale services. This programming will have to set itself within the institutional, strategic and operational frames, that will ensure an integrated vision among, on one hand, the urban-territorial planning, the historical, landscape and environmental system, and on the other hand the economic development, including the tourism potential, the integration of investments and the effective coordination with the policies and the programs of the sector.

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Priority 9: International opening and attraction of investments, consumption and resources

It is aimed at promoting the conditions of the territorial offer – that comes together with many of the policies implemented under the other priorities - and the conditions of governance, that is capable of strengthening the capacity of the country in attracting resources of quality and in improving the competitive position of Italy abroad.

Priority 10. Governance, institutional capacity and competitive and effective markets

The policies expressly aiming at closing the gaps and increasing the quality of the public services and the skills of the administrations are covered in this priority. The role of the Public Administration is central (the role of programming and operational but also of regulation and support) for the way it designs and implements the measures in a transparent, reliable and credible way, as well as for the activation of the best competitive conditions for the public goods and services and for the capitals.

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While in the CSF 2000-2006 the general objective was that of improving the performance of the breakthrough variables, no specific target was set. In the NSRF 2007-2013 instead the novelty is that, bonding targets are set on the final objectives, explicitly expressed in terms of services provided to citizens.

Each objective is measured by indicators, according to which is set a target. The strategic objectives are four:

Education : improving students’ competency and learning abilities of the population

Child and elderly care: increase the share of beneficiaries of social assistance (home assistance for the elderly, access to child care facilities,etc.) to foster the participation of women to the labour market

Urban waste management: preserving the environment (better urban waste management)

Water service: improving the access to water aand the quality of the environment (better waste water management and water distribution)

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The decision to set one target that is equal across all regions is motivated by the need to guarantee the achievement of some minimum standard in the access to public services

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List of the 2007-2013 NSRF Indicators, with baseline and target values for the Mezzogiorno regions

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Allocation of Financial Resources by region and sector


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Convergence and Competitiveness Objectives 2007-13

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Implementation of the NSRF 2007-2013

The resources allocated to Italy amounted to 25.582.830.238 € Financial resources for 2007 – 2013 (million euro)NEW OBJECTIVE 1 – Convergence

Objective 1 (Calabria, Campania, Puglia, Sicilia) 18,820Statistical phasing out (Basilicata) 387Total 19,207NEW OBJECTIVE 2 – Regional Competitiveness and employmentPhasing in (Sardegna) 877Regional competitiveness and employment (the remaining Regions and Provinces) 4,749Total 5,626NEW OBJECTIVE 3 – European Territorial CooperationTotal (All the Regions) 750TOTAL FOR WHOLE ITALY 25,583

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The European Union has been working hard to move decisively beyond the crisis and create the conditions for a more competitive economy with higher employment.

The Europe 2020 strategy is about delivering growth that is: smart, through more effective investments in education, research and innovation; sustainable, thanks to a decisive move towards a low-carbon economy; and inclusive, with a strong emphasis on job creation and poverty reduction. The strategy is focused on five ambitious goals in the areas of employment, innovation, education, poverty reduction and climate/energy.

To ensure that the Europe 2020 strategy delivers, a strong and effective system of economic governance has been set up to coordinate policy actions between the EU and national levels.

Future Prospects for Regional Policy and Structural Funds2014-2020

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To measure progress in meeting the Europe 2020 goals, 5 headline targets have been agreed for the whole EU.The 5 targets for the EU in 20201. Employment

75% of the 20-64 year-olds to be employed2. R&D

3% of the EU's GDP to be invested in R&D3. Climate change and energy sustainability

greenhouse gas emissions 20% (or even 30%, if the conditions are right) lower than 1990 20% of energy from renewables 20% increase in energy efficiency

4. Education Reducing the rates of early school leaving below 10% at least 40% of 30-34–year-olds completing third level education

5. Fighting poverty and social exclusion at least 20 million fewer people in or at risk of poverty and social exclusion

Future Prospects for Regional Policy and Structural Funds2014-2020

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Regional Policy and Structural Funds2014-2020

Cohesion Policy 2014-2020General presentation on the reformed EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020

EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020: legislative proposals

The European Commission has adopted a draft legislative package which will frame cohesion policy for 2014-2020. The new proposals are designed to reinforce the strategic dimension of the policy and to ensure that EU investment is targeted on Europe's long-term goals for growth and jobs ("Europe 2020").Through Partnership Contracts agreed with the Commission, Member States will commit to focussing on fewer investment priorities in line with these objectives. The package also harmonises the rules related to different funds, including rural development and maritime and fisheries, to increase the coherence of EU action.

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Cohesion Policy 2014-2020General presentation on the reformed EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020

EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020: legislative proposals

The European Commission has adopted a draft legislative package which will frame cohesion policy for 2014-2020. The new proposals are designed to reinforce the strategic dimension of the policy and to ensure that EU investment is targeted on Europe's long-term goals for growth and jobs ("Europe 2020").Through Partnership Contracts agreed with the Commission, Member States will commit to focussing on fewer investment priorities in line with these objectives. The package also harmonises the rules related to different funds, including rural development and maritime and fisheries, to increase the coherence of EU action.

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Structural Funds 2014-2020Total allocations of Cohesion Policy 2014-2020* (million €, 2011 prices)

Cohesion Fund Less developed regions Transition regionsSpecial allocation for

outermost and sparsely populated regions

More developed regions Territorial Cooperation Total

BE - - 958 - 865 230 2.053

BG 2.376 4.607 - - - 145 7.128

CZ 6.539 13.599 - - 78 297 20.513

DK - - 64 - 229 198 492

DE - - 8.719 - 7.583 845 17.146

EE 1.119 2.190 - - - 48 3.358

IE - - - - 866 148 1.013

EL 3.396 6.398 2.097 - 2.299 203 14.393

ES - 1.851 11.735 430 10.471 540 25.028

FR - 3.136 3.914 394 5.841 953 14.238

IT - 20.262 1.000 - 6.982 994 29.238

CY 285 - - - 201 29 514

LV 1.407 2.732 - - - 82 4.221

LT 2.137 4.175 - - - 99 6.411

LU - - - - 39 18 56

HU 6.291 13.405 - - 414 316 20.427

MT 227 - 439 - - 15 681

NL - - - - 905 341 1.246

AT - - 65 - 820 225 1.110

PL 24.189 45.756 - - 2.010 613 72.568

PT 2.990 14.956 231 103 1.144 107 19.531

RO 7.226 13.724 - - 403 396 21.749

SI 935 1.130 - - 760 55 2.881

SK 4.346 8.459 - - 40 195 13.040

FI - - - 271 908 141 1.320

SE - - - 184 1.351 299 1.834

UK - 2.118 2.326 - 5.126 757 10.328

HR 2.667 5.206 - - - 128 8.001

interregional cooperation 500 500

technical assistance 1.126

Total 66.130 163.704 31.550 1.382 49.336 8.919 322.146

* amounts subject to final adoption of MFF and sectoral legislations

**The youth employment initiative (top up) of EUR 3 billion is not included in the table

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EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020:European Commission, October 2014

Summary of the Partnership Agreement for Italy, 2014-2020

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Bibliographic ReferencesDA STUDIAREEuropean Union Cohesion Policy 2007-2013 National Strategic Reference Framework (file nsrf)http://www.dps.tesoro.it/documentazione/QSN/docs/QSN2007-2013_giu_07.pdf - La Politica Regionale - Il Quadro Strategico Nazionale 2007-2013 fino a pag. 52 Capitolo- I IL CONTESTO: RITARDO DI COMPETITIVITÀ E OPPORTUNITÀ DI SVILUPPO e parte del secondo, LA POLITICA REGIONALE: IMPOSTAZIONE TEORICA ED ESPERIENZEProgramming the Structural Funds 2007-2013 The Italian National Strategic Reference Framework di Rossella Rusca (file Piano Strategico Nazionale_2007-13_EN) European Commission EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020: legislative proposalsProposals Cohesion Policy 2014-2020 (file PP Proposals Cohesion Policy 2014-2020)•Politica Coesione2014_2020 (file presentation_final_en)•General presentation on the reformed EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020 (file PP presentation_final_en)•PUBLIC SERVICES PROVISION IN MEZZOGIORNO (“OBIETTIVI DI SERVIZIO”) (file ANSELMO)•European Commission, Summary of the Partnership Agreement for Italy, 2014-2020, October 2014LettureEU COHESION POLICY 2014-2020 Targeting Investments on Key Growth Priorities, innovation (file fiche_innovation_en)EU COHESION POLICY 2014-2020 Targeting Investments on Key Growth Priorities SMEs (file fiche_sme_en)EU COHESION POLICY 2014-2020 Targeting Investments on Key Growth Priorities Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) (file fiche_ict_en)2007-2013 EMILIA-ROMAGNA ERDF ROPWEB SITEShttp://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/country/prordn/details_new.cfm?LAN=7&gv_PAY=IT&gv_reg=ALL&gv_PGM=1153&gv_PER=2&gv_defL=9 http://www.dps.tesoro.it/eng/english_corner.aspThe new website is WWW.DPS.GOV.IT

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