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![Page 1: 1. The blind spot of the human eye results from a) rods attached to the retina. b) cones attached to the fovea. c) a detached retina. d) the optic nerve.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051401/56649ed85503460f94be66fb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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1. The blind spot of the human eye results from
a) rods attached to the retina.
b) cones attached to the fovea.
c) a detached retina.
d) the optic nerve attached to the retina.
e) color blindness.
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2. Some minerals absorb ultraviolet light and then release lower energy visible light. This process is called
a) fluorescence.
b) atomic resonance.
c) incandescence.
d) phosphorescence.
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Fluorescent LampsFluorescent Lamps
• Primary excitation - electron collisions with low pressure mercury vapor, and ultraviolet light is given off
• Secondary excitation - ultraviolet light is absorbed by phosphors and these emit visible light
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Phosphorescence Phosphorescence • Phosphorescence - a type of light emission
that is the same as fluorescence except for a delay between excitation and de-excitation.
• Electrons get "stuck" in an excited state and de-excite gradually.
• Demos - glow-in-the-dark objects
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Lasers Lasers • Laser
– Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
• Lasers produce coherent light.• Coherent light means that all the light waves
have the frequency, phase and direction.• Demo - Laser and chalk dust• Demo - Laser and prism or diffraction grating
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Matching QuestionsMatching Questions1. Incandescence a. mercury vapor
light tubes
2. Fluorescence b. glow-in-the-dark
paints and plastics
3. Phosphorescence c. light bulbs
with filaments
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Matching QuestionsMatching Questions1. Fluorescent Lamp a. color changes
with temperature
2. Incandescent Bulb b. only one color
of light
3. Laser c. converts ultraviolet light to visible light
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Chapter 13Chapter 13
ColorColor
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ColorColor• Different wavelengths of light are perceived
as different colors.
• Pure Colors: ROY G. BIV
• White light contains equal amounts of these colors. (ROY G. BIV)
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Selective Reflection and Selective Reflection and TransmissionTransmission
• At an interface, light can be...
• absorbed
• reflected
• transmitted
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Fill in the Blanks
• Black objects _______ all of the pure colors.
• White objects _______ all of the pure colors.
• Transparent objects _______ all of the pure colors.
absorb
reflect
transmit
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Color Filters• Red filters transmit red light and absorb the
other colors, etc.
• Red objects reflect red light and absorb the rest, etc.
• In red light, what color do the red petals and green leaves of rose appear?– Answer: Petal appear _____, leaves
appear to be _____.
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Mixing Colored Light Mixing Colored Light Color AdditionColor Addition
• Additive Primary Colors:
• Red
• Green
• Blue
• One can produce any color by varying amplitude and mixture or red, green and blue light.
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• Color Addition Example:
– Tiny dots called pixels on Color TV's and Computer Monitors are colored only red, green, or blue.
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Mixing Colored Pigments - Mixing Colored Pigments - Color SubtractionColor Subtraction
• Subtractive Primary Colors:
• Yellow
• Magenta
• Cyan
• One can produce any color by varying the amount of yellow, magenta and cyan pigments.
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• Color Subtraction Example:
– Newspapers and the new zip-lock sandwich bags use color subtraction.
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White
Red
Green
Blue
Yellow
Cyan
Magenta
Primary Colors
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Green
Pure Green
Color AdditionPrimary Green
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Why is the sky blue?Why is the sky blue?
• Nitrogen and Oxygen in our atmosphere scatter high frequencies of light.
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Why are sunsets red?Why are sunsets red?
• Red light is scattered the least by our atmosphere.
• The greatest path of sunlight through the atmosphere is at sunset or sunrise.
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Why are clouds white?Why are clouds white?
• The color of light scattered by clusters of water molecules vary with the size of the clusters.
• The size of clusters of water molecules (droplets) vary in clouds.
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Why is the ocean Why is the ocean greenish blue?greenish blue?
• Red light is absorbed by the molecules in the water.
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Color VisionColor Vision• Colorblindness - about 10% of population
• Red-green is predominant
• Yellow-blue - a few
• Total - some
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• Can you read this number????
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• Complementary Colors - any two colors that add together to produce white
• e.g. magenta + green = white
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Optical Illusions
Animation
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After Images and “Conal Fatigue”• The human eye will see complimentary colors
after staring at a color picture.
• Demos:
• Colored Shapes
• Texas Flag
• American Flag
• Rose
• Lincoln
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In-Class ExerciseIn-Class Exercise
1. Make a list of the seven forms of light in order of decreasing wavelength.
2. Draw a Color Addition Diagram using overlapping colored spotlights. Label all 7 colors.
3. Draw a Color Subtraction Diagram using overlapping paints. Label all 7 colors.
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QuestionQuestion1. If you look at the yellow Sun just before
sunset for a few seconds and then look at a white cloud you see _______ afterimages of the Sun.
a) red
b) green
c) blue
d) cyan
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QuestionQuestion2. A mixture of cyan and yellow paints gives
__________ paint.
a) green
b) red
c) black
d) white
e) blue
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QuestionQuestion3. Adding red and green light gives us what
color?
a) yellow
b) cyan
c) blue
d) magenta
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Suppose that two flashlight beams are shone on a white screen, one through a pane of blue glass and the other through a pane of green glass. What color appears on the screen where the two beams overlap?
a) yellow
b) green
c) cyan
d) magenta
e) red
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If a car headlight emitted only yellow light, the normally green grass appears to be
a) green.
b) red.
c) black.
d) white.
e) yellow.
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To see an after image of a red, white and blue Texas flag one would first stare at a flag with the complimentary colors
a) yellow, violet, and green.
b) cyan, yellow, and magenta.
c) cyan, black, and yellow.
d) yellow, cyan and green.
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The worst thing that you can do for the health of a green-leafed plant is to illuminate it with only
a) red light.
b) green light.
c) blue light.
d) all are equally bad.
e) none of these.
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Most of the light that we see has undergone
(a) selective interference
(b) selective transmission
(c) selective reflection
(d) selective refraction
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A mixture of magenta and green lights give white light. These two colors are (a) additive primaries
(b) secondary colors
(c) complementary colors
(d) fluorescent colors
(e) interference colors
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Mixing yellow paint and magenta paint gives what color?
(a) red
(b) green
(c) blue
(d) cyan
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What color would red cloth appear if it were illuminated by cyan light? (a) cyan
(b) red
(c) yellow
(d) green
(e) black
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• Glow in the beads
• Black Light
• Laser & Diffraction Grating
• Color Filters and Color Papers