11

Technical requirements on electrical Technical requirements on electrical goods for low voltage NV č. 17/2003 goods for low voltage NV č. 17/2003 Sb. Dir. 2006/95/ESSb. Dir. 2006/95/ES

General requirementsGeneral requirements Goods or documentation must contain Goods or documentation must contain

technical description and specification „How technical description and specification „How to used the good safety“to used the good safety“

GoodGoodss or its packing must contain name of or its packing must contain name of product and name (address) of producer or product and name (address) of producer or dealer for current market.dealer for current market.

GoodGoodss must have safety electric connection must have safety electric connection or part for assembly and mountingor part for assembly and mounting

GoodGoodss must be developed and must be developed and manufactured with regard to following manufactured with regard to following safety requirements:safety requirements:

22

Technical requirements on electrical Technical requirements on electrical goods for low voltage NV č. 17/2003 goods for low voltage NV č. 17/2003 Sb. Sb.

Protection against risk of electrical Protection against risk of electrical equipment:equipment:

Electric shockElectric shock Dangerous temperaturesDangerous temperatures Other risk /not-electrical origin/Other risk /not-electrical origin/

Protection against external effects and Protection against external effects and influences:influences:

Resistance against mechanical stressResistance against mechanical stress Resistance against non-mechanical stressesResistance against non-mechanical stresses Resistance against overloading Resistance against overloading

(electrical/mechanical)(electrical/mechanical)

33

Electrical equipment for low voltageElectrical equipment for low voltageBasic overview of harmonized testsBasic overview of harmonized testsExamples:Examples:

Electrical tests:Electrical tests: DC/AC isolation test 4 kV / 7 kV, for each pieceDC/AC isolation test 4 kV / 7 kV, for each piece (100 %) (100 %) Isolation test „at installation place“ – for each pieceIsolation test „at installation place“ – for each piece Safety impedance test – for each pieceSafety impedance test – for each piece Test of resistance against short circuitTest of resistance against short circuit

Mechanical tests:Mechanical tests: Air-gap and isolation gapsAir-gap and isolation gaps Test of coveringTest of covering IP – testIP – test (IP 00 (IP 00 IP66)IP66) Vibration testsVibration tests

Climatic testsClimatic tests Dry-hot testDry-hot test Wet-hot test, combined test, salt-rain test etc.Wet-hot test, combined test, salt-rain test etc.

Functional test – for each pieceFunctional test – for each piece

44

Minimizing of negative impact on Minimizing of negative impact on environment during the whole life-environment during the whole life-time!!!time!!!

Minimizing of consumption of electrical Minimizing of consumption of electrical energy (during all possible operating energy (during all possible operating states)states)

– Stand-by mode (max. power),Stand-by mode (max. power),– Active mode (min. efficiency)Active mode (min. efficiency)

Technical requirements for Technical requirements for

Ecodesign Dir. 2009/125/ES - Vyhl. MPO Ecodesign Dir. 2009/125/ES - Vyhl. MPO 337/2011 Sb.337/2011 Sb.

55

Ecodesign: Minimizing of consumption for Ecodesign: Minimizing of consumption for electrical Equipment - exampleselectrical Equipment - examples

Council directive of EU:Council directive of EU:- Electrical equipments for household usageElectrical equipments for household usage- Light sources,Light sources,- External power sources,External power sources,- El. drivers fro 0,75 kW up to 375 kW,El. drivers fro 0,75 kW up to 375 kW,- TV sets,TV sets,- Freezers and fridges for household usage,Freezers and fridges for household usage,- Washing machines for household usage,Washing machines for household usage,- Fans with el. Driver from 125 W up to 500 kW, Fans with el. Driver from 125 W up to 500 kW, - Water pumps, Water pumps, - PC, ITC, serversPC, ITC, servers- Vacuum cleanersVacuum cleaners- transformerstransformers- . . . . ,. . . . ,This directives are obligatory in all member states of

EU directly!

66

Technical requirements on electro technical goods Technical requirements on electro technical goods

related to: related to: Electromagnetic Electromagnetic compatibilitycompatibilityDir. 2004/108/EC - NV 616/2006Dir. 2004/108/EC - NV 616/2006

Equipment shall be so designed and manufactured, having regard to the state of the art, as to ensure that:

the electromagnetic disturbance generated does not exceed the level above which radio and telecommunications equipment or other equipment cannot operate as intended;

it has a level of immunity to the electromagnetic disturbance to be expected in its intended use which allows it to operate without unacceptable degradation of its intended use.

Equipments are: Apparatus Fixed installation (newly, since 2006)

77

Electromagnetic compatibility (1)Electromagnetic compatibility (1)Overview of required basic testsOverview of required basic tests given given by „Generic standards“by „Generic standards“

Testing of emissions:Testing of emissions: high frequency electromagnetic field radiated high frequency electromagnetic field radiated

through cover in the range 30 MHz up to 1 GHz,through cover in the range 30 MHz up to 1 GHz, high frequency electromagnetic filed spreading high frequency electromagnetic filed spreading

via conductors (power lines) in the range 150 kHz via conductors (power lines) in the range 150 kHz to 30 MHzto 30 MHz

harmonic and inter-harmonic components of harmonic and inter-harmonic components of power line currents (up to 2 kHz)power line currents (up to 2 kHz)

ripple of supply voltage, flicker effectsripple of supply voltage, flicker effects

During all test, emissions can not exceed During all test, emissions can not exceed levels given by levels given by harmonizedharmonized standards!standards!

88

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

Supply voltage and current consumption of PC power DC source

Supply voltage and Supply voltage and current consumption of current consumption of LED lightsLED lights

Emission of harmonic components into Emission of harmonic components into distribution network caused by SMPSdistribution network caused by SMPS

Power factor (P/S) vary from 0,5 up to 0,8.

99

Electromagnetic compatibility (2)Electromagnetic compatibility (2)Basic test of apparatus given by Basic test of apparatus given by harmonized standards in EUharmonized standards in EU

Testing of electromagnetic immunity by applying:Testing of electromagnetic immunity by applying: HF electromagnetic filed (80 MHz up 1 GHz)HF electromagnetic filed (80 MHz up 1 GHz) HF signals spreading through conductive lines (150 kHz up 80 HF signals spreading through conductive lines (150 kHz up 80

MHz)MHz) electrostatic dischargeselectrostatic discharges fast transient burst (5/50 ns, 5 kHz)fast transient burst (5/50 ns, 5 kHz) surges (1,2/50 surges (1,2/50 μμs)s) Short decrease of supply voltageShort decrease of supply voltage Short interruptions of supply voltageShort interruptions of supply voltage

Disturbance is simulated by testing signals described in Disturbance is simulated by testing signals described in harmonized standards. We are observing how the equipment harmonized standards. We are observing how the equipment under test (EUT) fits one of the following criterions: under test (EUT) fits one of the following criterions:

EUT works without any worsening of properties (class A)EUT works without any worsening of properties (class A) EUT exhibits temporarily worsening of operation during test EUT exhibits temporarily worsening of operation during test

(class B)(class B) EUT needs restart (set-up) after testing - losing of operation EUT needs restart (set-up) after testing - losing of operation

capability. (class C)capability. (class C)

1010

Electromagnetic compatibility (3)Electromagnetic compatibility (3)Requirements on Requirements on EMC of fixed EMC of fixed installations:installations:

Fixed installation:Fixed installation:Fixed installation’ means a particular combination of several types of apparatus and, where applicable, other devices, which are assembled, installed and intended to be used permanently at a predefined location. Fixed installation does . Fixed installation does not have a CE mark and Certificate of Conformitynot have a CE mark and Certificate of Conformity

Special requirements on fixed installations: Special requirements on fixed installations: A fixed installation shall be installed applying good engineering practices and respecting the information on the intended use of its components, with a view to meeting the protection requirements set out in Directive. Those good engineering practices shall be documented and the documentation shall be held by the person(s) responsible at the disposal of the relevant national authorities for inspection purposes for as long as the fixed installation is in operation.

1111

Newly introduced technical Newly introduced technical requirementsrequirements

Directive of EP and Council Directive 2011/65/EU: Directive of EP and Council Directive 2011/65/EU: about about RRestriction estriction oof usage f usage HHazardous azardous SSubstances in ubstances in

electro technical appliances. In Czech legislation known electro technical appliances. In Czech legislation known as:as:

Government directive 481/2012 Sb.; valid from the 2. 1. Government directive 481/2012 Sb.; valid from the 2. 1. 2013.2013.

This document sets the limits on: Lead, Mercury, This document sets the limits on: Lead, Mercury,

Cadmiun, Chrome, Polybromme bifenyles (PBB), Cadmiun, Chrome, Polybromme bifenyles (PBB), Polybromme difenylether (PBDE) and other substances.Polybromme difenylether (PBDE) and other substances.

There is a lot of excursions (accumulators, batteries, varnishes, There is a lot of excursions (accumulators, batteries, varnishes, lacks, glasses for CRT, etc. Also, some period for introducing and lacks, glasses for CRT, etc. Also, some period for introducing and launching is mentioned in this document.launching is mentioned in this document.