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Transcript of 1 SmartPhone Thesis A Seminar Ansye Linardi2275781 Ashwin Srinivasan 2277896 Endry Luis Djaja...
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SmartPhone Thesis A SeminarSmartPhone Thesis A Seminar
Ansye Linardi 2275781
Ashwin Srinivasan 2277896
Endry Luis Djaja 2287066
Lydian Wati Sutadji 2287131
Yvonne Lee 2277889
Supervisor: Peter Ho
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Smartphone Seminar OutlineSmartphone Seminar Outline
Smartphone Philosophy Smartphone Comparisons Smartphone System Design
– Microcontroller• ARM Core• Memory
– LCD– Telephony Interface– Connectivity to network and other devices
Current Progress Schedule
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Smartphone PhilosophySmartphone Philosophy
“is to integrate the telephone system with the processing power of a computer system and to be able to run various applications that optimise communication within the home or office.”
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Smartphone Philosophy (cont)Smartphone Philosophy (cont)
Features included:LCD to email and web browsingAdvanced call management (call
waiting, caller id, hands-free)Digital answering machineLeast call cost routingConnectivity (USB, Infra Red,
Ethernet, Wireless)
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Existing “smartphone” productsExisting “smartphone” products
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MulteLink SmartphoneMulteLink Smartphone
Product Description:
Electronic telephone with WEB browsing and EMAIL capabilities. “Least cost call routing” whereby the phone looks up the call cost
data for each of the call provider and adds the appropriate prefixes to make the cheapest possible international calls.
Features:
56k Rockwell modem Hands free telephone, caller ID Backlit graphics LCD display Slide out keyboard USB port, and smart card interface.
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The Smile Phone & Web-i-PhoneThe Smile Phone & Web-i-Phone
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Comparisons of SmartphonesComparisons of SmartphonesSmartphone
TypeEmail/ Web
browsingNormal
TelephoneConnectivity (modem / LAN)
Color LCD/ TouchScreen
External Interfaces
SMILE Y Y Y Y
• smartcard reader• multimedia card• audio earphones• parallel interface for printer
WEB-i-Phone
Y Y( voip ) Y (modem op) Y
• serial port• smartmedia• infrared• smartcard reader• digital answer machine
MULTELINK
Y Y Y (modem only) LCD only
• USB port• smartcard• slideout keyboard
Our Proposal
Y Y Y (wireless) Y
• PCMCIA• USB• Infra red• Audio• Keyboard (PS2, USB, infrared)
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Group’s Vision of the Smartphone Group’s Vision of the Smartphone RequirementsRequirements
We propose to base our design on the multelink smartphone
to improve its design allow use of least cost routing add more “smart” features
The SmartPhone will act as a communication hub for home and office
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Project ScopeProject Scope
In this scope of our project we aim to provide a:
“ Proof of concept”
in building the hardware prototype and prove that such a SmartPhone is possible.
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The Smartphone DesignThe Smartphone Design
WhatMicrocontroller?
LCD/Touch Screen
Telephony Side
Memory
Keypad Handset
Keyboard
ExternalDevices
Power Mgmt
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MicrocontrollersMicrocontrollers
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Microcontroller RequirementsMicrocontroller Requirements
Suitable microprocessor Provides in built support for various
external interfacese.g. USB, serial ports
Built-in LCD controllers, SDRAM/FLASH support etc.
Embedded debugging software Power management I.e. : SoC (System On Chip)
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Microprocessor ResearchMicroprocessor Research
What is ARM ?
ARM (Advanced RISC Machines ) is
the industry's leading provider of 16/32-bit embedded RISC microprocessors
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Why ARM?Why ARM?
ARM based processor is faster than the current 68K chips.
can run up to 200 MHz – enabling robust application such as wireless technologies to run on it
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Why choose ARM’s core?Why choose ARM’s core?
Low powerLow system costExcellent code densityGlobal multi-vendor sourcingStandardize architectureHigh performanceSmall CPU die size
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ARM Core Family ProductsARM Core Family Products
There are 5 product families of ARM processor cores:
ARM7 Thumb Family ARM9 Thumb Family ARM9E Family ARM10E Family ARM11 Family SecurCore Family
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ARM Core Family Products (cont)ARM Core Family Products (cont)
The 5 product families can be categorized into 3 system categories:
1. Embedded Real-time systems Cores 2. Open Platforms Cores
3. Secure Applications Cores
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ARM Core Family Products (contd)ARM Core Family Products (contd)
Cache Size Memory AHB Bus Clock
(Inst/Data) Management Interface MHz **
ARM7TDMI No No No Yes* Yes No No 133
ARM720T 8K unified No MMU Yes Yes No No 100ARM920T 16K/16K No MMU Yes* Yes No No 250ARM922T 8K/8K No MMU Yes* Yes No No 250
StrongARM 16K/8K No MMU N/A No No No 206Intel XScale 32K/32K No MMU N/A Yes Yes No 400
Jazelle
Embedded Cores
Platform Cores
Intel ARM-based Processors
Tightly Coupled Memory Thumb DSP
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ARM Core Family Products (contd)ARM Core Family Products (contd)
Our group particularly interested in 2 arm cores from the selected arm-core table
They are ARM920T and ARM922T
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ARM Core Selection Consideration ARM Core Selection Consideration FactorsFactors Fast speed A member of Thumb technology family Have a cache (Instruction/Data) Have Memory Management Unit (MMU) Samples of application that may use this
particular processor. The availability of the microcontroller products
that contain these processors.
Have embedded JTAG debug capability
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Considered ARM based Microcontrollers:Considered ARM based Microcontrollers:
Sharp LH7A404ARM922T Core
Samsung S3C2410XARM920T Core
Motorola MC9328MX1ARM920T Core >> “DragonBallMX1” <<
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DragonBall MC9328MX1DragonBall MC9328MX1
Memory Map
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Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
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LCD requirements for SmartphoneLCD requirements for Smartphone
1. Viewing purposes/coloured display Email and web browsing Applications Display cheapest call costs and bills
2. Touch Panel Interface Alternative to a “mouse” Dial without keypad
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Overview of LCD TechnologyOverview of LCD Technology
Passive Matrix (STN)
Active Matrix (TFT)
Addressing Multiplex Direct/Active
Resolution Low High
Power Consumption
Low High
Cost Low High
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LCD Models Considered:LCD Models Considered:
1. Sharp TFT LCD touchscreen: Model: “LQ05703DC02” 320x240 QVGA cost: US$455.05
2. Hitachi LCD touchscreen: Model: “SP10Q003-T” 320X240 STN Colour graphic display
cost: AU$261.75
Direct interface from “DragonBall MX1”
Not Chosen: Too expensive and hard to get.
Chosen: Much cheaper than Sharp and availability from many distributors.
Reason:Need only an inexpensive LCD as our group intends to use it for proof of design and it interfaces with our microprocessor
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Telephone and Modem System Telephone and Modem System
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POTS/Modem Requirements:POTS/Modem Requirements:
Make phone call Modem / Fax Caller Id, Call Waiting Answering machine Billing detection / Call Duration Video Conference (Optional) Downloadable Ring Tone (Optional) To comply with Australian standards Fulfil telephone safety requirement
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Pots (Plain Old Telephone Service)Pots (Plain Old Telephone Service)Basic DesignBasic Design
MicroPhone
Speaker
Duplex Coil
Hook Switch
Keypad and tone generator
Ringer
Line Interface
Wall
Tip
Ring
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Modem, Fax and Caller IdModem, Fax and Caller Id
• Modem is a peripheral device which enables transmitting digital data through telephone line.
Modulation
Demodulation
Telephone Line
Analog SignalDigital Signal
Analog SignalDigital Signal
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Modem, Fax and Caller Id (cont)Modem, Fax and Caller Id (cont)
Fax Machine Mechanism• Optical Scanning• Signal Encoding• Modulation• Signal Transmission• Demodulation• Decoding• Copy Making
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Modem, Fax and Caller Id (cont)Modem, Fax and Caller Id (cont)
Caller Id is the identification of the originating subscriber line.
Two types of Caller Id• Caller Id Type I• Caller Id Type II
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Modem, Fax and Caller Id (cont)Modem, Fax and Caller Id (cont)
Caller Id mechanism:• Caller Id Information received as analog
signal• Modem Decodes the analog signal into
standard 8 bit ASCII character• Caller Id Information is displayed on the
LCD
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Telephone Safety RequirementTelephone Safety Requirement
Telephone regulations require high voltage barrier between telephone line side (high voltage)and digital device side(low voltage)
Three kinds of implementation• Transformer• Optical Isolation• DAA ( Direct Access Arrangement )technology
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DAA TechnologyDAA Technology Philosophy
Use of a high voltage capacitor to isolate low voltage section from the high voltage section
Basic Design of DAA technology
System Interface
Microprocessor
Isolation Barrier
Line Interface
DAA
Phone Line
High VoltageLow Voltage
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DAA Technology (cont)DAA Technology (cont)
Why using DAA ?
– Isolation barrier used is lighter, smaller, cheaper and has better densities compare to transformer
– Can fulfill wide variety of telephone application such as FAX, Modem, Caller Id, etc
– Provides Programmable line interface to meet global line requirements
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Pots/Modem ImplementationPots/Modem Implementation
Two types of Implementation– Discrete components – Modem Chipset
In this project Modem chipset is used to implement Pots/Modem section due to simplicity reason
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Modem ChipsetModem Chipset
Points of consideration– Availability– Features supported– Meet Australia telephone regulations
and standards– Price– Compatible with microprocessor
Dragon Ball (MX9328MX1)
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Modem Chipset (cont)Modem Chipset (cont)
Modem Chipset Considered
– SmartV.XX Modem chipset (Conexant)• CX81801 Modem Chip• SmartDAA Integrated DAA chip• Voice Codec chip (optional)
– ISOmodem Chipset (Silicon laboratories)• Si24XX Modem Chipset• Si3015 Integrated DAA chip
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Modem Chipset (cont)Modem Chipset (cont)Features SmartV.XX ISOmodemIntegrated DAA X XCaller Id X XProgrammable Firmware X XFax X ?DTMF detection X ?Call Waiting detection X ?Package 128 pin TQFP 24 pin TQFPCODEC included X XAvailability ? ?Price ? ?Meet Australian Telephone Standards X X
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Connectivity and External DevicesConnectivity and External Devices
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Connectivity OptionsConnectivity Options
Need to allow connectivity for external I/O devices such as keyboards, printers, scanners etc
Also need to allow for network/LAN connectivity
Trade-off between flexibility and complexity/price
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External I/O DevicesExternal I/O Devices
USB ports – almost all types of I/O devices nowadays connect via the USB port(eg-printers, keyboards etc)
Standard serial port – Unlikely to be used, but is there if necessary
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External I/O Devices (cont)External I/O Devices (cont)
Infrared interface – Convenient for wireless keyboards and mice
Our design will probably directly support a PS/2 keyboard interface through the use of an AVR chip
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Network ConnectivityNetwork Connectivity
Main requirements are flexibility and high bandwidth (>56kbps)
Standard 10/100BaseT ethernet/LAN interface
PCMCIA interface for wireless LAN
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Network Connectivity (cont)Network Connectivity (cont)
Fallback option of external modems/routers/hubs that can be connected via the ethernet or USB ports
Considered built-in ADSL modem but this doesn’t seem feasible
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Connectivity Design ChallengesConnectivity Design Challenges
Ideally would like to directly support as many network and I/O devices/options as possible
External devices such as cable/ADSL modems take up physical desk space
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Connectivity Design Challenges Connectivity Design Challenges (cont)(cont)
Writing/porting device drivers for external devices is also a problem
However, for cost and complexity reasons, convenient features like in built ADSL are not going to be supported
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Functional DiagramFunctional Diagram
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Project Progress Project Progress
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Original Schedule:Original Schedule:
Tasks wk3 wk4 wk5 wk6 wk7 wk8 wk9 wk10 wk11 wk12 wk13 wk14 wk15+
Requirements draft Final
Feasibility Studies
Analysis-research
Design
Protel Layout of PCB
Implementation and Testing
Operations and Evaluation
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Current StatusCurrent Status
High-level overview of progress against schedule– On-track in finding most of the
hardware requirements– Behind in deciding POTS design – Hence, unable to begin protel design
Unexpected delays – POTS/ADSL decision
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Plan for Thesis B:Plan for Thesis B:
What we expect to accomplish in Thesis B:
A working hardware prototypeProof of Design using simple software
routinesA scope for further research after our
work, a legacy to continue building OS and further enhancements etc.
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Question Time:Question Time:
Any Questions?