1 Profibus Technology

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PROFIBUS Technology

2008 - 2010 Copyright Smar


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PROFIBUS Family

EN 50170 Volum 2 and DIN 19245 Part 1 to 4

Devic

ePr

ofile

s

Applic

ationPr

of

iles

Factory

Automation

Automation for

General Purposes

Process

Automation

PROFIBUS-DP PROFIBUS-PAPROFIBUS-FMS

- powering over the bus (option)- intrinsic safety (option)

- plug and play- efficient and cost effective

- large variety of applications- multi-master communication

fast universal Applicationoriented


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CNC

VME/PC

Router /Firewall

Ethernet/TCP/IP Plant Backbone

Factory

level

Bus CycleTime

< 1000 ms

Cell

Level

Bus CycleTime

< 100 ms

Field

Level

Bus Cycle-Time

< 10 ms

PROFIBUS-DP PROFIBUS-PA

PLC

ETHERNET

DCS

Transparent Communication


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Products application range

Drives

Converters AC

Converters DC

I/O Decentralized

I/O Binary

I/O Analogical

Module PID

Timers

Counters

Systems Iden

Gateways

AS-Interface

Proprietary Networks

ToolsConfiguration

Bus Monitor

Engineering

Net Components

Repeaters

Optical Fibers

Cables

ControllersPLC /NC /RC

VME , PC

DCS

MMI

HMIs

Text DisplaysValves

Pneumatic

Magnetic

Instrumentation

Level

Flow

Pressure

Temperature


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PROFIBUS Network Topologies

OLM OLM

OpticalFiber

DP/PAlink

ILM

Infrared

PROFIBUS

PA

DP/PA

link

Barrier+Repeater

ILM

OLM

DP/PA

link

Repeater

Network

topologies: redundant

ring

line

star

Eex / Not-Eex


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Architecture

PROFIBUS offers with the same communication protocol thelevels H1 and H2

PROFIBUS DP is the high speedy H2 bus level

PROFIBUS PA is the process H1 bus level

PROFIBUS PADP/PAlink

Industrial Ethernet / Fast Ethernet

Controller

PROFIBUS DP Slaves

Barrier+ Repeater

T

H2 Level

H1 Level


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PROFIBUS-DP

Excellent to substitute large amounts of wire between PLC/ DCS/ PC

e E/S

Very fast, DP transmits 1 kByte of input and output data up to 2ms

Powerful tools reduce the configuration and maintenance efforts

Supported by main PLCs and DCSs manufacturers

Many kind of product, namely, PLC, DCS, PC, I/O remote, Drives,

smart MCCs, Valves, Encoders

Cyclic and acyclic communication

Mono and multi master communication

Up to 244 bytes of input and output per station


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DP Characteristics

The DP communication is permanent and cyclic

The data to be transmitted are configured duringthe configuration (optimized data exchange)

Only one master can write the output (safety)

Data can be read by controllers and by the Class 2masters

Acyclic data exchange via DPV1 functions

Alarms recognition

It is a very fast fieldbus system (uo to 12 MBaud) Up to 244 bytes of data for inputs and 244 bytes foroutputs per network node


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Baude

Rate(kbit/s)

9.6 19.2 93.75 187.5 500 1500 12000

Distance/

Segment (m)

1200 1200 1200 1000 400 200 100

Note: Distances based on transmission speed for type A cable in RS485

Fiber Type Properties

Glass Multimode Media distance, 2 to 3 km

Glass

Monomode

Long distances, > 15 km

Synthetic Long distances, > 80 km

PCS/HCS Short distances, < 500mOptical Fiber properties

Distances and speeds in PROFIBUS DP


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Device Data Base FilesGSD-file

PROFIBUSConfiguration

Tool(Class 2 Master)

Open Configuration

PLC / DCS / PC(Class 1 Master)

Fielddevice

I/O Sensor Drive

MTransmitter

Fielddevice

PROFIBUS - DP


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PROFIBUS: Benefits

Costs reduction

Flexibility

Reliability and Technologyoriented to the Future

Wide solution

Interoperability and Multiple vendors

Open standard !

$ $


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Why to choose a fieldbus system?

Proprietary solution independence Supplier independence

Costs reduction

Productivity increase due to: Short cycle time

Flexible Architecture

Easy expansion

Standardized


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What does a fieldbus systemhave to offer?

Determinism

Flexibility

Interoperability

Capex reduction (installation, startup,services)

Reliable and safe

Easy to use Wide solution (many applications)

Open standard


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Market Situation

More than 1400 members worldwide

More than 20 millions installed nodes with success

More than 5 millions sold nodes in the last 3 year

More than 2800 products and more than 2000

suppliers

More than 750 new products in the last 3 years


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High application demand

Usability certification for PROFIBUS in control

applications by NAMUR

Attends to the chemical industries and process

techonologies requirements (recommendationNAMUR-NE-74)

Intrinsic Safety

Bus powered

For sensors andactuators via H1 channel

Standardized device profile

Interoperability


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PROFIBUS is operating in several plants andapplications worldwide since 1989.

Up to now there are more than 500.000 plants in

operation.

In the last 5 years more than 1000 PROFIBUS PAinstallations were made in the chemical and

process industry.

More than 300.000 PROFIBUS PA devices inoperation.

PROFIBUS technology is reliable andtested in plants in real conditions.


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Reliability

PROFIBUS is part ofopen standard

IEC 61158


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Costs reduction

Terminal blocks

Terminal block

Terminal block

Barrier

PLC

PROFIBUS

I/O

$ $


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Future oriented technology

because PROFIBUS is deterministic

beacuse diagnostic methods and failure detection are native

to the system

because PROFIBUS International ensures quality through test

laboratories

because dedicated and detailed tests & certification

procedures are available and established

more than 20 millions nodes PROFIBUS techonology

installed and more than 1000 PROFIBUS PA technology plants

stable standard, however not static


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PROFIBUS DP/PA

Same communication protocol in all segments

Total transparency between segments

The solutions attend critical applications

Wide application coverage:

(ex. Inverters, I/O remotes, field instrumentation, smart CCMs,substation relay...)

DP/PA Advantages Benefits combination

For manufacture and process

Integration with legacy technologies ( HART, AS-I, etc)

Short execution time

Total covered solutions available


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Wide Solution

PROFIBUS-PA 31.25 kbit/s

PROFIBUS-DP max 12 Mbit/s

DP/PA Link

Integrated Operation Center

TT303LD303

FY303

Acyclic configuration:

ProfibusView, PDM, CommuWin II,

FieldCare, Pactware

4-20mAIntegration

Micromaster

KrohneKrohne

WEG

DP/AS-i link 20

On/Off Valves

Smar AS-i P+F devices

AS-I bus

LD301

Class 1 and 2 Master


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DTM Device Type Manager

Software component (DLL, OCX) that contains

all device functions

FDT Field Device Tool Application for Windows that manages DTMs.

FTD/DTM Technology


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Use of a single software environment to

integrate products from different

manufacturers and protocols.

Tipically a Windows application known as

FDT Frame Application ou FDT Container.

FTD/DTM Technology


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FDT Container

HART

FDT ContainerorFDT FrameApplication is theconfigurator,in other

words, the software

that allows the

device access

through its driver(DTM).

FTD/DTM Technology


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Full connection to any plant automation and supervisionsystem

Easy to learn and to use

Open to all communication protocolsReduced costs in development, operation, system

maintenance and training

Competitiviness between system manufacturers

Open technology, free distributed standard, it doesntneed proprietary components, as the DD technology thatis dependent on interpreters that are closed.

Benefits

FTD/DTM Technology


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FTD/DTM

FDT/DTM Integration

New equipment?Install the respectiveDTM provided by themanufacturer

The manufacturer providesthe DTM with the equipment

Proprietary

Protocol

Total access in a single tool FDT Container

DTMs integrate to the

FDT application andcommunicate in astandardized way


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FTD/DTM Technology

Plug&Play Concept

New printer installation New Device installation


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FDT Container programa

Device Type Manager

DTM

Plug & Play

Plug&Play Concept

FTD/DTM Technology


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DTMDevice

Description(DDL, EDDL,

HDDL...)

DD Integration (Device Description)

FTD/DTM Technology

C C


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ARCHITECTURE

DTM

ACTR

DTM

COMM

Profibus PA

smart

positioner


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FDT FRAME APPLICATION

Screen: FieldCare Device: Pressure Transmitter


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FDT FRAME APPLICATION

Screen: FieldCare Device: Pressure Transmitter


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Integration in PROFIBUS systems

PROFIBUS t k l t


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PLC / DCS / PC

DP/PACOUPLER

PROFIBUS-PA31.25 kbit/s

Slaves

24V

PROFIBUS-DP45.45 kbit/s ou 93.75 kbit/s SK2 12Mbit/s

Class 1 Master PROFIBUS

Couplers

24 V

DP/PACOUPLER

PROFIBUS-PA

31.25 kbit/s

PROFIBUS network elements

PROFIBUS t k l t


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PLC / DCS / PC

DP/PA Link+ Couplers

PROFIBUS-PA

31.25 kbit/s

Slaves

PROFIBUS-DP up to 12Mbit/s

Class 1 Master PROFIBUS

Links

24 V

PROFIBUS-PA

31.25 kbit/s

24 V

Max. 5 DP/PA Couplersper link IM157

DP/PA Link+ Couplers

Max. 32 equipmentper link IM157 Ex ia *

Max. 64 equipmentper link IM157 - Non-Ex *

(*) depends on the device current consumption andthe number of occupied slots/device

PROFIBUS network elements

PROFIBUS S t Add


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PLC / DCS / PC

PROFIBUS DP

DP/PACOUPLER

PROFIBUS-PA31.25 kbit/s

Slaves

24V 24V

PROFIBUS-DP45.45 kbit/s or 93.75 kbit/s

Master

43

2

1

PROFIBUS System Address

Couplers

PROFIBUS S t Add


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PLC / DCS / PC

PROFIBUS DP

COUPLERPROFIBUS-PA31.25 kbit/s

Slaves

24V 24V

PROFIBUS-DPUp to 12 Mbit/s

DP/PA LINK

Max. 64 devicesper link IM157 - Non-Ex

Max. 35 devicesper link IM157 - Ex

Masters

Max. 5 DP/PA Couplersper link IM157

232

12 3

11

Links

PROFIBUS System Address

Wh t d i PROFIBUS PA


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What we need in a PROFIBUS-PAnetwork ?

PROFIBUS-DP Communication card in the computer(Class 2 Master)

Configuration and field device diagnostic PROFIBUS-PA

software (ProfibusView(Smar), Simatic PDM, Commuwin II,

FieldCare, Pactware,)

DP/PA Coupler or DP/PA Link + Coupler

Programmable Logical Controller, DCS or PC as Class 1 Master

Network terminators

Field Devices (transmitter, valve positioners, etc) PROFIBUS-PA

Integration between PROFIBUS PA


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GSD (device master data) file: txt file with hardware and

software review details, PA equipment bus timing and cyclic data

exchange information. It must have one for each equipment.

DD (Device Description) for Simatic PDM : ddl file with a

description of all functional blocks and methods (calibration)

parameters and optional menus.

Integration between PROFIBUS-PAand PROFIBUS-DP segments

DTMs (Device Type Manager) for FDT systems: FieldCare,

Pactware, Smar Studio302

Profibus PA instrument GSD file


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#Profibus_DP

GSD_Revision = 2Vendor_Name = "SMAR"

Model_Name= "LD303"

Revision= "1.0"

Ident_Number= 0x0895

Protocol_Ident= 0

Station_Type= 0

Bitmap_Device = "Src0895n"

FMS_supp= 0

Hardware_Release= "3.0"

Software_Release= "1.17"

31.25_supp= 145.45_supp= 1

93.75_supp= 1

187.5_supp= 1

MaxTsdr_31.25= 100

MaxTsdr_45.45= 250

MaxTsdr_93.75= 1000

MaxTsdr_187.5= 1000

Redundancy= 0

Repeater_Ctrl_Sig= 0

24V_Pins= 0

Freeze_Mode_supp= 0

Sync_Mode_supp= 0

Auto_Baud_supp= 0

Set_Slave_Add_supp= 1

Min_Slave_Intervall= 250

Modular_Station= 1Max_Module= 2

Max_Input_Len= 10

Max_Output_Len= 2

Max_Data_Len= 12

Max_Diag_Data_Len= 14

Slave_Family= 12

User_Prm_Data_Len= 0

;

;Modules for Analog Input

Module = "Analog Input (short) " 0x94

EndModuleModule = "Analog Input (long) " 0x42, 0x84, 0x08, 0x05

EndModule

;

;Module for Totalizer

Module = "Total " 0x41, 0x84, 0x85

EndModule

Module = "Total_Settot " 0xC1, 0x80, 0x84, 0x85

EndModule

Module = "Total_Settot_Modetot " 0xC1, 0x81,0x84, 0x85

EndModule

;

;Empty module

Module = "EMPTY_MODULE" 0x00

EndModule



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#Profibus_DP

GSD_Revision = 2

Vendor_Name = "SMAR"

Model_Name= FY303"

Revision= "1.0"

Ident_Number= 0x0897

Protocol_Ident= 0

Station_Type= 0

Bitmap_Device = "Src0897n"

FMS_supp= 0

Hardware_Release= "3.0"

Software_Release= "1.17"

31.25_supp= 1

45.45_supp= 1

93.75_supp= 1

187.5_supp= 1

MaxTsdr_31.25= 100

MaxTsdr_45.45= 250

MaxTsdr_93.75= 1000

MaxTsdr_187.5= 1000

Redundancy= 0

Repeater_Ctrl_Sig= 0

24V_Pins= 0

Freeze_Mode_supp= 0

Sync_Mode_supp= 0

Auto_Baud_supp= 0

Set_Slave_Add_supp= 1

Min_Slave_Intervall= 250

Modular_Station= 1

Max_Module= 1Max_Input_Len= 15

Max_Output_Len= 10

Max_Data_Len= 25

Max_Diag_Data_Len= 14

Slave_Family= 12

User_Prm_Data_Len= 0

;

;Modules for Analog Output Block

;

Module = "eSP 0x82, 0x84, 0x08, 0x05

EndModule

;

Module = " SP 0xA4

EndModule

;

Module = "eSP + RB + POS_D " 0xC6, 0x84, 0x86, 0x08, 0x05, 0x08, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05

EndModule

;

Module = "eSP + CHECKBACK " 0xC3, 0x84, 0x82, 0x08, 0x05, 0x0A

EndModule

;

Module = "eSP + RB + POS_D + CB " 0xC7, 0x84, 0x89, 0x08, 0x05, 0x08, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05,

0x0A

EndModule

;

Module = "eRCAS_IN + RCAS_OUT "

0xC4, 0x84, 0x84, 0x08, 0x05, 0x08, 0x05

EndModule

;

Module = " RCAS_IN + RCAS_OUT " 0xB4

EndModule

;

Module = "eRCAS_IN + RCAS_OUT + CB 0xC5, 0x84, 0x87, 0x08, 0x05, 0x08, 0x05, 0x0A

EndModule

;

Module = "eSP+RB+RCASIN+RCASOUT+POS_D+CB"0xCB,0x89,0x8E,0x08,0x05,0x08,0x05,0x08,0x05,0x08,0x05,0x05,0x05,0x0A

EndModule


Profibus PA instrument EDDL file


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/* Example file using Electronic Device Description (EDD) *//* Important: This file serves as an example only, it is not normative */

/* File name: example.edd */

/* 3.1. The Identification */

MANUFACTURER 42,

DEVICE_TYPE 42,

DEVICE_REVISION 1 ,

DD_REVISION 1

VARIABLE local_variable

{

LABEL "Local Variable";

HELP "Help";

CLASS LOCAL;

TYPE FLOAT{

DEFAULT_VALUE 30;

MIN_VALUE 10;

MAX_VALUE 200;

SCALING_FACTOR 200;

EDIT_FORMAT "5d";

DISPLAY_FORMAT "5d";

}

HANDLING READ & WRITE;

VALIDITY TRUE;

}

BLOCK BlockIdentifier1{

TYPE PHYSICAL;

NUMBER 1;

}

VARIABLE local_variable_1

{

LABEL "Local Variable 1";

CLASS LOCAL;

TYPE FLOAT

{

Profibus PA instrument EDDL file

DEFAULT_VALUE 20;MIN_VALUE 10;

MAX_VALUE 200;

}

POST_EDIT_ACTIONS

{

postscale_variable

}

HANDLING READ & WRITE;

}

METHOD postscale_variable

{

LABEL "Local Method";DEFINITION

{

float f;

int i;

f = fvar_value(local_variable_1);

i = (f / 5) + 0.5;

f = i * 5;

assign_float(local_variable_1, f);

}

}

COMMAND read_command

{SLOT 1;

INDEX 2;

OPERATION READ;

TRANSACTION

{

REQUEST

{

}

PROFIBUS PA field device Block Model


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Sensor TransducerBlock FunctionBlockAnalogue Input

PROFIBUS-PA

Physical Block

Device Management

Measured value = input value

Process value = output value

You can find simple or multivariable devices, in whichthere are multiple sensors, transducer blocks and blocks

For simulation, the AI and AO blocks have the simulateparameter where the user can simulate values and ensurethe integration and communication integrity.

PROFIBUS PA field device Block Model

T d Bl k


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Blocks dedicated thatinterface hardware (sensorsand actuators) via internalchannel with AI and AOblocks allow values to be sent orread by class 1 Master

Transducer Blocks

F ti Bl k


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Function Blocks

PID-ControlAnalog Input Analog Output Discrete Input Discrete Output

Totalisator Counter Nicht Bestandteil des Profils

Bestandteil des Profils

Function blocks are standard interfaces (normally, 4 bytes for themeasure value and 1 byte for status) that will be cyclic exchangedwith class 1 master.

They can offer basic functionality (characterization, scales, etc)

Function Blocks

A l I t Bl k


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Analog Input Block

Analog Output Block


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Analog Output Block

Totalizer Block


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Totalizer Block

PROFIBUS PA device profile (DD)


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PROFIBUS PA device profile (DD)

Calibration zone

damping

Alarms, Limit Indicators

Alarm summary

TAG

Specific parameters foreach manufacturer

Cyclic andacyclic DPservices

Acyclic DPservice

PA-Profile

(forinstance: for

pressiontransmitter)

Status

Process Value

DDAcyclic DP

service

Measured values and measurement status


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Measured variable

IEEE FloatingPoint Format

(4 Byte)

Status Byte

00 . . . . . .= bad01 . . . . . .= uncertain10 . . . . . .= good

. . . . = Sub status

. . . . . . 00 = Limits o.k.

. . . . . . 01 = low limit

. . . . . . 10 = high limit

Measurement

e parameters

and variables

Cyclic

communication Status bytes

PROFIBUS PA gives process variable high resolution.

Process variables possess a status byte.

The status byte evaluation permits the measurement validationand can be used as online diagnostic.

Measured values and measurement status


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The status byte is divided in 3 logical parts

For example:

Good Non Cascade IFS used in the AOin a FailSafe situation.

Uncertain Simulate Value used eachtime the block goes to Man.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Quality Sub-status Limit

Measuremente status (quality)

Measurement Status diagnostic online


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gdecodification

Block Diagram:


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PA

D

Sensor PA Generic Device

PA-Interface

PROFIBUS PA

PROFIBUS DP

4-20mA Generic Device

PA

D A

D

AD

PROFIBUS DP

4 to 20 mA

Remote I/O

DP/PA-Link

Block Diagram:PROFIBUS PA x 4-20 mA instrument

Block Diagram:


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PROFIBUS PA provides

digital process variable in floating point format one status bytefor each process variable

cycle times < 20 ms per transmitter (1 variable)

complete access of all parameters via class 2 master

4 to 20 mA requires a D/A and A/D converters that:

Demands the commitment between the resolution and theconversion time, excluding the error due to this conversion.

requires a perfect coupling between the equipment range and the

host system for a resolution optimization

Susceptible to noises and DC/AC devices, increasing drifts

without diagnostics, without information from other parameters,etc

Block Diagram:PROFIBUS PA x 4-20 mA instrument

Multivariable bidirectional communication


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PROFIBUS PA

PROFIBUS DP

DP/PA-Link

Concentration/ Density Transmitter

Manydevices can measure more than onemeasurement, can receive and send values tocontrollers (PLC / DCS / PC):

Concentration (Brix),

Density (Kg/m3),

Temperature (C)




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PROFIBUS DP

4 to 20 mA

Remote I/O


Flow transmitter (4-20mA)

total flow with reset input for flow counter

total flow forward with reset input for flow counter

total flow reverse with reset input for flow counter temperature

ultrasonic sound velocity

damping of ultrasonic sound amplitude

Cyclic online diagnostic in PROFIBUS PA


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Sensor

PROFIBUS PA

PROFIBUS DP

PROFIBUS DP

Temperature

Transmitter

Sensor failure

DP/PA-Link

Remote I/O

> 20 mA or < 4 mA

Online diagnostics arecyclically exchanged withclass 1 master allowing theinstantaneous failuredetection.

In the 4-20mA a failure canbe detected if the currentexceed the 4-20mA zone,however the user cant

distinguish between a sensorfailure and any other failure.

Cyclic online diagnostic in PROFIBUS PAinstruments and via class 2 master

Cyclic online diagnostic in


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PROFIBUS PA

PROFIBUS DP

PROFIBUS DP

4 to 20 mA

Valve positioner

Air deficiency

DP/PA-Link

Remote I/O

A valve positioner can not reach aspecific position due to air deficiencyor if there is a problem

Online diagnostic via Profibus PAallows to create an alarm indicating thefailure and thus an easy correctionaction can be taken.

In the 4-20mA positioner failure onlycan be recognized with additional

alarm switches.

Cyclic online diagnostic inPROFIBUS PA intruments

E.G. FY303 - Smar


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Positioner Functional Diagram, its parametersand diagnostics

Functional Blocks and Fail Safe


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Safety condition that the function block assume when itsalgorithm detects a failure situation. (After the failure isnormalized, the block returns to the normal operation).

The failure sitution are detected by different ways ininput and output blocks.

Both input and output blocks handle with FailSafeprocedure.




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Input Blocks: The failure situation occurs when the

transducer send a Bad status. (For instance, badsensor)

Output Blocks: The failure situation can occur due to:

Communication fail with RCAS_IN for a time greater than

FSAFE_TIME Communication fail with SP for a time greater thanFSAFE_TIME

Good (C) IFS status in the RCAS_IN input whenthe target mode is RCAS.

Good (NC) IFS status in the SP input when thetarget mode is AUTO.




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To use a preset value (FSAFE_VALUE). Status = Uncertain

Substitute value

To use the last valid value (LUV). Status= Uncertain

LUVor Uncertain Initial Value

To use the bad value (AI), or to use certain value in theparameter ACTUATOR_ACTION of Trd (AO). Status is thesame as the input.

The actions to be taken in Fail Safe conditions are set in theFSAFE_TYPE parameter (in the AI and AO), and can be :

In the totalizer, the actions are guided by FAIL_TOT, and can be: Hold (stop the totalizer) Memory(totalize with the last good value) Run (totalize with the bad value)


Function Blocks and Fail Safe


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AI

PID

AO

Sensor Failure

Bad Sensor Failure

IFS Initiate Fail safe

Good Cascade IFSInitiate Fail safe

Good Cascate FSAActive Fail safe

Fail Safe Value: 50%Fail Safe Time: 3 s

Function Blocks and Fail Safe


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E.G. IF303 - Smar

PHY BLOCK

3 TRD BLOCK

3 AI BLOCK

3 TOT BLOCK

DSP BLOCK

IF303

4-20mA Converter to Profibus PA

Technical Support


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Technical Support

For questions & technical support

consult us at:

[email protected]

1 Profibus Technology

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