1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four...
-
Upload
dortha-greene -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
3
Transcript of 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four...
![Page 1: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
Other Important Senses
Module 15
![Page 2: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Other Important Senses
Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain.
Bru
ce A
yers
/ Sto
ne/ G
etty
Im
ages
![Page 3: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Skin Senses
Only pressure has identifiable receptors, all other skin sensations are variations of
pressures, warmth, cold and pain.
Burning hot
Pressure Vibration Vibration
Cold, warmth and pain
![Page 4: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Pain
Pain tells the body that something has gone wrong. Usually pain results from damage to the skin and other tissues. There is a rare disease in which the person feels no pain.
Ashley Blocker (right) feels neither painnor extreme hot or cold.
AP Photo/ Stephen M
orton
![Page 5: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Biopsychosocial Influences
![Page 6: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Pain
• Phantom Limb: Missing limb feels like it is present, like always, before amputation
• Visceral Pain: Pain fibers located in internal organs
• Referred Pain: Pain felt on surface of body, away from origin point
• Somatic Pain: Sharp, bright, fast
Table of ContentsTable of Contents ExitExit
![Page 7: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Fig.5.28 Visceral pain often seems to come fro m the surface of the body, even though its true origin is internal. Referred pain is believed to result from the fact that pain fibers from internal organs enter the spinal cord at the same location as sensory fibers from the skin. Apparently, the brain misinterprets the visceral pain messages as impulses from the body’s surface.
Table of ContentsTable of Contents ExitExit
![Page 8: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Gate-Control Theory
Melzak and Wall (1965, 1983) proposed that our spinal cord contains neurological
“gates” that either block pain or allow it to be sensed.
Gary C
omer/ PhototakeU
SA.com
![Page 9: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Types of Pain
• Warning System: Pain carried by large nerve fibers; sharp, bright, fast pain that tells you body damage may be occurring (e.g., knife cut)
• Reminding System: Small Nerve Fibers: Slower, nagging, aching, widespread; gets worse if stimulus is repeated; reminds system that body has been injured
Table of ContentsTable of Contents ExitExit
![Page 10: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Pain Control
Pain can be controlled by a number of therapies including, drugs, surgery,
acupuncture, exercise, hypnosis and even thought distraction.
Todd R
ichards and Aric V
ills, U.W
. ©
Hunter H
offman, w
ww
.vrpain.com
![Page 11: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
How do we taste?
•Taste (and smell) are chemical senses.
What is the central muscle involved in taste?
![Page 12: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
![Page 13: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Papillae
• Those bumps on our tongue are called Papillae.
• Papillae help grip food while your teeth are chewing. They also have another special job - they contain your taste buds
![Page 14: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
Taste Buds
Map out the tongue
![Page 15: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Taste
Traditionally taste sensations consisted of sweet, salty, sour and bitter tastes. Recently
receptors for a fifth taste have been discovered called “Umami”.
Sweet Sour Salty Bitter Umami(Fresh
Chicken)
![Page 16: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16PTC Strips
![Page 17: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Taste
• Taste cells absorb chemicals in saliva and trigger neural impulses routed through the thalamus.
• Taste preferences are largely learned and heavily shaped by social processes.
• Sensitivity to tastes are distributed somewhat unevenly across the tongue, but the variations are small.
![Page 18: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Sensory Interaction
When one sense affects another sense sensory interaction takes place. So the taste of strawberry interacts with its smell and its
texture on the tongue to produce flavor.
![Page 19: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Smell and Taste
• Olfaction: Sense of smell• Anosmia: Defective sense of smell for a single
odor • Taste Buds: Taste-receptor cells• Gustation: Sense of taste
– Four Taste Sensations: sweet, salt, sour, bitter – Most sensitive to bitter, least sensitive to sweet– Umami: Possible fifth taste sensation; brothy taste
Table of ContentsTable of Contents ExitExit
![Page 20: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Smell
Like taste smell is a chemical sense. Odorants enter the nasal cavity to stimulate 5 millions receptors to sense smell. Unlike
taste there are many different forms of smells.
![Page 21: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
![Page 22: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Age, Gender and Smell
Ability to identify smell peaks during early adulthood but steadily decline after that. Women are better at detecting odors than
men.
![Page 23: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Smell and Memories
Brain region (red) for smell is closely
connected with brain regions (limbic
system) involved with memory, that is
why strong memories are made through the sense of
smell.
![Page 24: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Gender related odors• Can you smell the difference between?
Hands, Breath, Shirts
![Page 25: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
So can we smell the difference?
• Well….yes and no.
Pheromones•Chemical messengers that are picked up through our sense of smell.
•Founded in the early 1930’s by studying silkworms.
•Jury is still out on whether they exist in humans. Best evidence we have comes out of the university of Chicago.
![Page 26: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Body Position and Movement
The sense of our body parts’ position and movement is called kinesthesis. And the vestibular sense monitors the head (and
body’s) position.
http
://ww
w.h
eyo
kam
ag
azin
e.co
m
Whirling Dervishes Wire Walk
Bob D
aemm
rich/ The Im
age Works
![Page 27: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Kinesthetic Sense
• Tells us where our body parts are.
• Receptors located in our muscles and joints.
Without the kinesthetic sense you could not touch the button to make copies of your buttocks.
![Page 28: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Vestibular System
• Otolith Organs: Sensitive to movement, acceleration, and gravity
• Semicircular Canals: Fluid-filled tubes in ears that are sensory organs for balance
• Crista: “Float” that detects movement in semicircular canals
• Ampulla: A wider part of the canal
Table of ContentsTable of Contents ExitExit
![Page 29: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Fig. 5.30 The vestibular system.
Table of ContentsTable of Contents ExitExit
![Page 30: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Fig. 5.29 Hold a variety of elongated objects upright between your fingertips. Close your eyes and move each object about. Your ability to estimate the size, length, shape, and orientation of each object will be quite accurate. (after Turvey, 1996)
Table of ContentsTable of Contents ExitExit
![Page 31: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
Vestibular Sense
• Semicircular canals and the vestibular sacs, which connect the canals with the cochlea.
• Contain fluid that moves when the head rotates or tilts.
• Sends messages to the cerebellum at the back of your brain
• Enables you to sense your body position and to maintain your balance.
![Page 32: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Vestibular Sense
• Tells us where our body is oriented in space.
• Our sense of balance.
• Located in our semicircular canals in our ears.
![Page 33: 1 Other Important Senses Module 15. 2 Other Important Senses Sense of touch is a mix of four distinct skin senses- pressure, warmth, cold, and pain. Bruce.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cf55503460f949c43f3/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Vestibular System and Motion Sickness
• Motion sickness is directly related to vestibular system
• Sensory Conflict Theory: Motion sickness occurs because vestibular system sensations do not match sensations from the eyes and body – After spinning and stopping, fluid in semicircular
canals is still spinning, but head is not– Mismatch leads to sickness
• Medications, relaxation, and lying down might help
Table of ContentsTable of Contents ExitExit