1 October 2008 Finish Chapter 6 C Synapses

Do most of Chapter 6 D Structure of the Nervous System

Status of Test 1 Grading

of 96 of 33 of 3 of 52 of 154

% Endo % Gluose % Therm % Neuro % MC

average 84.7 84.6 77.8 82.9 84.1

stdev 9.3 11.3 28.0 9.0 8.7

sem 1.3 1.6 3.9 1.3 1.2

median 86 88 100 83 86

max 100 100 100 98 99

min 66 55 0 60 65

count 51 51 51 51 51

Test # 1 Results from Multiple Choice

Short answers not completely graded; expect SA section to count about 20% of Test 1 Grade

Figure 6.32

Priority by proximity

Demo: Blake is the axon hillock!

Diagram on Board: Degree of

depolarization above threshold is

proportional to frequency of action

potentials.

Figure 6.33

Presynaptic FacilitationPresynaptic Inhibition

Who Cares? Diagram of

descending pathway from periaqueductal gray matter to suppress afferent pain via presynaptic inhibition. Example: cut to abdomen.

Mechanism: vary Ca++ entry in presynaptic

terminal B.

Figure 6.34

An example: Parkinsonism

Recall AChE and MAO &

SSRI

Figure 6.35

Pharmacological agents intended to act in brain must be able to cross blood-brain barrier.

Who Cares?

Treatments for Parkinsonism: fetal neuronal transplants, electrical stimulation, tablets of L-Dopa (which crosses the BBB) unlike

Dopamine (which would have widespread effects.)

Figure 6.36

Glutamate receptor subtypes named for their agonists.

Begin Chapter 6 DStructure of Nervous System

Figure 6.37

Nerves & Ganglia

Tracts, pathways, commissures & Nuclei

Control of digestive functions in quadraplegics via enteric nervous system.

Figure 6.38

Figure 6.39

Components of gray matter

Table 6.07

How do we know the functions of various brain regions?

Correlations of deficits of stroke victims with brain regions affected.

Analogy: experiments to discover the function of a battery in a car.