1 Nomenclature writing chemical formulas naming chemical compounds Chapter 7 potassium...
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Transcript of 1 Nomenclature writing chemical formulas naming chemical compounds Chapter 7 potassium...
1
Nomenclaturewriting chemical formulas
naming chemical compounds
Chapter 7
potassium chromate potassium dichromate
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Sodium and Chlorine
NaClSodium Chloride• Cation 1st: name of element• Anion 2nd: root and add -ide
• When combined together✓ Metals lose e- (+ ion = cation)✓ Nonmetals gain e- (- ion = anion)✓ Ionic Compounds (Type I Binary Ionic)
1A 2A 8A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
1+ 1B 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 9B 10B 1-
Na+ Cl-Na Cl
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Magnesium and Fluorine
MgF2
• The number of electrons lost must equal the number of electrons gained
• The total + and - charge must add to 0
Magnesium Fluoride
1A 2A 8A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
1-
2+ 1B 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 9B 10B
Mg F
Mg2+ F-
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Aluminum and Oxygen
Al2O3
Aluminum Oxide• The number of electrons lost must equal the number
of electrons gained• Overall charge = 0
1A 2A 8A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
2-
+ 1B 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 9B 10B 3+
Al O
Al3+ O2-
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Write the chemical formula for strontium sulfide
SrS• You might have criss-crossed to Sr2S2
but then you must reduce it to the lowest whole number ratio.
• remember always write ionic formula in lowest whole number ratio
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1A 2A 8A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
N O F
Na Mg 1B 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 9B 10B Al P S Cl
K Ca
The Periodic Table
Write the chemical name for CaBr2
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Calcium Bromide
Remember:• the metal (cation is 1st)• the nonmetal (anion is 2nd : root and -ide)
Chemical formula for copper fluoride
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1A 2A 8A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
1B 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 9B 10B
2+1+ 2+
Oxidation states for Copper:
1+: Cu(I) 2+: Cu(II)
Roman Numerals refresh1: I2: II3: III4: IV5: V6: VI7: VII
Know F- • The number of electrons lost = the number of electrons gained• Overall charge = 0• so use Cu+ or Cu(I)
• CuF
Chemical formula for copper(II) fluoride
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Copper: F- 1+: Cu(I) 2+: Cu(II)
CuF2
Roman numeral tells you the charge on copper Cu(II) = Cu2+
1A 2A 8A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
1B 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 9B 10B
2+1+ 2+
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Write the chemical formula for zinc chloride
ZnCl2
• Remember that zinc is one of the transition metals that does not require a Roman #, since it’s oxidation state is always +2.
1A 2A 8A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
1B 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 9B 10B
2+1+ 2+
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Write the chemical formula for chromium (VI) sulfide
• The Roman # tells you the +6 charge on the chromium metal
• Cr+6S-2
• You might have criss-crossed to Cr2S6 but then you must reduce it to the lowest whole number ratio.
• CrS3
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Write the name for Fe2O3
• you can un-criss-cross• or you can determine the charge on iron
by working from the charge on the anion• iron(III) oxide
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Write the name for Ag2S
• No need for a Roman # since silver is always
+1(memorize along
with Zn and Cd)
Silver sulfide
1A 2A 8A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
1B 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 9B 10B
2+
1+ 2+
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Write the name for Cu2O• You can “un-criss-cross”• or you can work into the cation by
knowing that the anion is -2✓ The total + and - charge must add to 0✓ this means that electrons lost = electrons gained✓ the Roman # = the individual oxidation state of one of
the metal ions (not the total metal charge)
• Copper (I) oxide
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Write the name for CrP2
• you can’t just un-criss-cross because this is a formula which has been reduced.
✓ work off the non-metal’s charge✓ remember the total + must equal - that
means the e- lost = e- gained
chromium (VI) phosphide