1 Modeling and Simulating Business Processes Chapter 8 Business Process Modeling, Simulation and...

1

Modeling and Simulating Business Processes

Chapter 8

Business Process Modeling, Simulation and Design

2

Simulating Business Processes

We recommend presenting this chapter by running Extend 6.0 directly, and interactively show how the program works.

However, for your convenience, we have attached a selection of the figures/screenshots from Chapter 8 of the book as the basis for an in class presentation without access to a computer with Extend installed.

NOTE:

3

Import block dialog showing and exponential inter-arrival times with mean of 6 minutes

Generating Items

4

Input Data block used to change the first parameter of the inter-arrival time distribution in the Import block

2 V1 A P

t y

Generating Items

5

Input Data block dialog for dry cleaner example

Generating Items

6

Program block (and dialog window) connected to a Stack block

Generating Items

7

Selection of a priority queue in the Queue tab of a Stack block

Prioritizing Items

8

Model of a single server with a queue, where customers balk if the line reaches a specified number of customers

Balking

9

Dialog window of the Decision(2) block

Balking

10

Model of a single server with a queue, where customers hang up after being on hold for specified amount of time

1 2 3

Rand

2 V1 A P

L w p

pR

0

C

# u

D

1

#

7

#

23

Incoming

calls Calls on holdAnswered

calls

Lost calls

Helping

customers

Generating

call time

Reneging

11

Stack block to simulate a reneging queue with reneging time of 5 minutes

Reneging

12

Admissions process with a priority queue that allows patients to go in front of the line after filling out additional forms

Priority Queues

13

Dialog window of the Stack block

Priority Queues

14

Example of probabilistic routing of an incoming job

Path 1

Path 2

Path 3

0.20

0.30

0.50

Incoming job

Routing - Multiple Paths

15

Illustration of probabilistic routing with Extend

?

Decision(5)

2 V1 A P

Import

1 2 3

Rand

Random Number

#

21

Path 1

#

29

Path 2

#

50

Path 3

Generate jobs

Probabilistic

decision

0.20

0.30

0.50

Multiple Paths

16

Illustration of tactical routing with customers choosing the shortest line

2 V1 A P

?

L w p

pR

A1-3

A1-3

S

DS

u

1 2 3

Rand

#

245

MaxCon

MinCon

L w p

pR

A1-3

A1-3

S

DS

u

1 2 3

Rand

#

211

L w p

pR

A1-3

A1-3

S

DS

u

1 2 3

Rand

#

169

L1

L2

L3

L1L2L3

Multiple Paths

17

Prepare invoice

Assemble order

Receive order Ship order

Parallel activities in an order fulfillment process

Routing – Parallel Paths

18

Operation, Reverse block and dialog window

Parallel Paths

19

Operation block that batches two items

Parallel Paths

20

RQ1-Q32 V1 A P

A1-3

A1-3

S

DS

u

Receiving Order

A1-3

A1-3

S

DS

u

Prepare Invoice

A1-3

A1-3

S

DS

u

Assemble Order

A1-3

A1-3

S

DS

u

Ship Order

#

Extend model of the order fulfillment process

Parallel Paths

21

Slider control

A1-3

A1-3

S

DS

u20

10

17

Processing Time

22

Input Data block to model variable processing time

Processing Time

23

Processing time based on the value of the “ProcTime” attribute

Processing Time

24

Batch block and dialog window

Batching

25

Preserving uniqueness when batching a purchase order and an agent

Batching

26

Unbatching items with an Unbatch block

Batching

27

Model that batches patients and nurses

Batching – Resources

28

Cost tab of the Import block

Activity-based Costing

29

Model to accumulate cost per unpacked crate


30

Dialog of the Cost by Item block


31

Two operations in series with a Timer block to measure cycle time

Cycle Time Analysis

32

Histogram of cycle times and average cycle time vs. simulation time

0 150 300 450 6000

1.5

3

4.5

6

Simulation Time

MinutesAvg. Cycle Time vs. Simulation Time

Avg. Cycle Time Red Green Black

0 4.3 8.6 12.9 17.20

43.75

87.5

131.25

175

Cycle times

CountHistogram

DelayTime Data DataData

Cycle Time Analysis

33

5

1

3.6 1 2 3

Rand

Slider control to set the mean value of an Exponential distribution

Model Enhancements

34

Meter connected to the utilization output of Labor Pool block

Model Enhancements

35

Clone layer tool

Model Enhancements

36

Documented software support process

Software

Engineer

Incoming

calls

Real-time

response

Software

Engineer

Incominge-mails Problems

resolved

Case: Software Support

37

Simulation model of actual process


38

Simulation model of documented process


39

Admissions

RegistrationDesk

Lab

WaitingRoomTypes 2 and 3

TimeU(2,5)

Type 1 TimeU(3,8)

Floors

Schematic representation of the hospital admissions process

Case: Hospital Admissions

40

Extend model of the current admissions process

Arrivals

Reg and Lab

Patients type 2 and 3

go to registration and

lab tests

Patients arrive

every 15 minutes

Type 3 patients

Admitting officers

help patients

Type 2 patients

Rooms

Orderlies accompany

patients to their rooms

MD

sensorTimer

#

33

Change priority from

type 2 to 1.5

Types 1 and 2

Total number of

patients served

Arriving patients and

type 2 patients

returning from the lab

are merged

Type 2 patiens

walk back to

admissions

Update

Activity

Stats

P

Set P

Admissions

C

# u

D

Walk back


41

2 V1 A P

T

Sys

Var

Current time

1 2 3

Rand

Before 10 AM

1 2 3

Rand

After 10 AM

Get P

P

Con1OutCon1OutY

N?

A

Set A

#

2

Patients arriving after

4 PM are sent to the

outpatient desk

Sys

Var

Current time

Arrivals block from the admissions model


42

Admissions block from the admissions model

C

# u

D

Type 1

L w p

pR

QueueGet P

P

u #

Con1InCon1In

Con2OutCon2Out

Con3OutCon3Out

demand

a

b

c

1 2 3

Rand

C

# u

D

Type 2

Patients wait for an

admissions officer

If patient is type 2 or

3, go to the lab,

otherwise go to the

rooms

1 2 3

Rand

C

# u

D

Type 3

1 2 3

Rand

Get P

P

Pool of admitting

officers

demand

a b cabc


43

Registration and Lab block from the admissions model

C

# u

D

Registration

L w p

pRC

# u

D

Lab tests

L w p

pR

Waiting room

Y

N?

Get P

P

Con1InCon1In

Con2OutCon2Out

Con3OutCon3Out

1 2 3

Rand

1 2 3

Rand

Patients form a line at

the registration desk Patients wait for a lab

technicianType 3 patients

leave the process

Type 2 patients

return to the

admissions desk


44

Rooms block from the admissions model

C

# u

D

Walk to roomdemand

a b cabc

Pool of

orderlies C

# u

D

Wait for papers

C

# u

D

Walk back

demand

a

b

c

Con1OutCon1Out

Con3InCon3In

select

b?

a

0.8

0.2

u #

Orderlies and

patients walk to

the rooms

Orderiles and

patients are

unbatched

1 2 3

Rand

Orderlies and

patients are

batched

Orderlies walk back

to admissions


45

Histogram of cycle times for type 1 patients

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 More

Cycle time

Fre

quen

cy

.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%


46

Extend model of the redesigned admissions process

AdmissionsArrivals

Lab tests

Patients type 2 and 3

go to lab tests

Patients arrive

every 15 minutes

Type 3 patients

leave

Admitting officers

help patients

Type 2 patients

Rooms

Orderlies accompany

patients to their rooms

MD

sensorTimer

#

36

Types 1 and 2

Total number of

patients served

Type 1 and 2 patients

are merged

Type 2 patiens

walk to wait for

an orderlyC

# u

D

Walk back


47

A

B C

D E

F G

Type I

TypesII & III

Measuring cycle times of different types of jobs

Exercise 1

48

A1 B1

A2 B2

A3 B3

Type 1

C1

C2

C3

Type 2

Type 3

Investigating the effect of pooling resources

Exercise 2

49

Review &D istribu tion

U nderwriting RatingPolicy

Writing

Assessing process performance

Exercise 4

50

A

B

C E

D

F

0.8

0.2

Priority queues

Exercise 7

51

A

B C

D E F G H

I J

0.2

0.2

0.8

0.5

0.5

Flowchart for Exercise 8

Exercise 8

52

Flowchart for the X-ray process

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

10

11

128 9

25%

Project: X-ray Process

53

2

1

3

4 5

Storage of inboundmaterial

Parallel operations(Workstations 1-3)

Assembly(Workstation 4)

Painting(Workstation 5) Inspection

Rework

Flowchart of the production processfor the Assembly Factory

Project: An Assembly Factory

1 Modeling and Simulating Business Processes Chapter 8 Business Process Modeling, Simulation and...

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