1: Levels of Abstraction Nano- Engineering parts cells Engineering Systems Macro- Engineering fleets...
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1: Levels of Abstraction
Nano-Engineering parts cells
EngineeringSystems
Macro-Engineering
fleetsinfrastructures
enterprises Management Science
Bio-Engineering
Subatomic WorldQuantum Physics
MaterialScience
materials molecules Chemistry
UniverseCosmology
PopulationsNations
EpidemiologyPolitical Science
Built Environment
LengthScale
Living ThingsInnate Things
atoms atomswaves
10-9
100
103
106
10-6
10-12
ProductDevelopment
productsvehicles
individualsMedicine
Psychology
[m]
1012
Need for Reconfigurability
Resource Efficiency Reconfigurability
UncertaintyManagement
SystemEvolution
Graceful Degradation
Stage of Occurence
development
manufacturingdeployment
operation
Reconfigurability
Definitions – Reconfiguration Objects
• Modules (in the context of reconfigurability) are basic units that can be either added, removed, or transformed during a reconfiguration process, or in other words, that can be subject to modification1
• Interfaces are what establish interactive links between a module and entities that are external to the module. Each interface can be described in terms of its nature, extent, timing, and sensitivity characteristics
• Effectors are the elements that are necessary for carrying out the reconfiguration processes. They can be internal or external to the modules/system.
1: A. Urbani’, S.P. Negri’,“Example of Measure of the Degree of Reconfigurability of a Modular Parallel Kinematic Machine”
level 1
level 2
level n
level 3
Modules
Effectors
Typical Position of Modules and Effectors in System Decomposition Level
Examples:Polybot Morphing UAV PSV Cluster FPGAs
Module block wings chassis frame Satellite logic cellModule Level 1 1 2 1 1Effector motor piezo actuators actuators Thrusters instruction setEffector Level 2 2 3 3 NA
ReconfigurableSystem
Effectors Interfaces
Reconfiguring
ModulesOther
Components
Classification
Modules Modules-Nature
Interfaces Interface - Nature
Processes LC Stage
Iso-Modular
(FPGA, satellite cluster, polybot etc.)
Physical Common
(sectional-modularity systems etc.)
Material Transformation
(space radar etc)
Production
(automobiles, aircraft etc)Informational Substitution
(for upgrades/repair)
Active Operation
(morphing UAVs etc)
Poly-Modular
(LEGO, RMS etc.)
Informational Specific
(PSV, morphing UAV)
Energy Addition
(ISS, buildings etc.)
Passive Operation
(SR cell phones, FPGAs etc.)
Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid