1 Lesson 4 Computer Maintenance Computer Literacy BASICS: A Comprehensive Guide to IC 3, 3 rd...

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Lesson 4Computer Maintenance

Computer Literacy BASICS: A Comprehensive Guide to IC3, 3rd Edition

Morrison / Wells

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Morrison / Wells CLB: A Comp Guide to IC3 3E222

Objectives

Identify problems that can occur if hardware is not properly maintained.

Identify routine maintenance that can be performed by users.

Identify maintenance that should be performed by experienced professionals.

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Vocabulary

cable management corona wires cookie defragmentation ergonomic keyboard fragmentation

maintenance Recycle Bin sectors seek time touchpad wireless keyboard

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Introduction

There are risks of computing if equipment is not properly maintained, but there are measures that can be taken to minimize those risks.

The type of maintenance determines whether a professional or you as the computer user should perform the maintenance tasks.

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Morrison / Wells CLB: A Comp Guide to IC3 3E

Maintenance Issues

A computer is no different from a car—it requires regular maintenance.

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Managing computer cables is an overlooked problem.

Cable management kits are available to organize and protect cables and keep peripheral devices working properly.

Cables that are unorganized can create safety hazards Managing

cables

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Hardware Maintenance

One of the best ways to cut down on computer repair is through preventative maintenance performed on a regular schedule.

As a general rule, you should clean a computer every 3–6 months.

In a dusty environment, you should clean it more often.

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Hardware Maintenance (continued)

Keyboard and Mouse:– Use a can of compressed air to remove dust

from the keyboard.– After turning off the computer, turn keyboard

upside down if you spill liquid. Don’t use it for at least 12 hours.

– Clean mouse rollers by removing the cover, removing debris inside, and then reassembling the mouse.

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Printers– Check printer documentation and clean

only recommended parts.– Turn off printer– Use lint-free cloth or cleaner recommended

by manufacturer– Never spray an aerosol directly onto the

printer– Wear goves to protect hands

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Inkjet Printer: Access self-cleaning

mode through printer’s control panel or use an inkjet cleaning cartridge.

Use a small vacuum or roller cleaning sheets to clean the printer rollers.

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Laser Printer: Should be cleaned when print quality deteriorates or

when you change the toner cartridge.– Turn off printer and unplug it.– Clean inside the toner opening.– Remove paper fragments.– Wipe up any spilled toner and dust.– Clean the rollers.– Replace the toner cartridge.

Don’t brush or vacuum exposed corona wires.

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Upgrades and Consumables

Hardware components may be damaged and need to be changed, or output and production needs to be increased. This can be enhanced by upgrading various elements.

Computer Memory:– Adding RAM to a computer generally helps increase

performance, speed, and usability.– Every computer has a maximum amount of RAM it can

support– Hard drive—long term memory; RAM—short-term

memory

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Upgrades and Consumables (continued)

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Keyboards:– Ergonomic

keyboards allow for a more natural positioning of your arms and hands.

– Wireless keyboard reduces clutter and improves mobility.

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Upgrades and Consumables (continued)

Mouse:– A variety of mouse devices are available,

including wireless, optical, ergonomic, and combinations.

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– Touchpads can be used instead of a mouse. They sense the position of your finger and move the pointer accordingly.

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Preventative Maintenance

You should run utilities following a routine maintenance schedule so that the computer can run faster and more efficiently.

Disk Defragmentation:– Occurs when a piece of data is broken up into

many pieces that are not stored close together. – The sectors are stored in blocks of nonadjacent

clusters, thus creating fragmented files.– Does not work with read-only disks, network, or

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Preventative Maintenance (continued)

Disk Defragmentation (cont):– Disk seek time is one of the more time-consuming

elements in a computer’s performance and can significantly slow the speed of the processing cycle.

– Windows contains a defragmentation utility that reduces the amount of fragmentation by physically organizing the contents of the disk to store the pieces of each file contiguously.

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Recycle Bin:– The Windows Recycle Bin is a holding area for files

and folders before their final deletion from a storage device; the icon is found on the desktop.

– Right-click the Recycle Bin icon to view the contents.

– Right-click an item to access commands to restore, cut, delete, or display properties.

– Once deleted from Recycle Bin, files cannot be restored

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Temporary Files:– Created for three reasons:

To free memory for other programsTo act as a safety net to prevent data lossFor printing

– Use Disk Cleanup utility to delete temporary files and other files that are not needed.

– Normally exist only during the current session of the software program

– To access, click Start, All Programs, Accessories, and System Tools

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Cookies:– A cookie is a small

text file that a Web site uses to identify a specific computer.

– Used to gather information about surfing habits; not a threat to your computer’s security.

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Specialized Maintenance

Some maintenance or repair should generally be performed by a computer professional:– Replacing the power supply or opening the power

supply case– Replacing other electrical components– Replacing the processor– Replacing or adding a hard disk– Replacing or adding additional RAM– Monitor, printer, scanner problems

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Summary

In this lesson, you learned: A computer requires maintenance on a regular

schedule to prevent problems such as the degrading of the hard disk performance and monitor trouble.

Damaged and poorly maintained cables can prevent peripheral devices from communicating with the computer. Unorganized and unprotected cables can also create safety hazards. Cable management should therefore be part of a regular computer maintenance routine.

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Summary (continued)

To maintain the computer keyboard, use a can of compressed air to remove the dust from the keyboard every six months.

Clean a mechanical mouse by removing its bottom cover, removing debris from the roller, and then reassembling the mouse.

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Summary (continued)

Printer maintenance helps to prevent many common printing problems. Many inkjet printers have a self-cleaning mode. If yours does not, use an inkjet cleaning cartridge to flush dirt and debris out of clogged printer nozzles. Clean a laser printer when you change the toner cartridge.

Adding computer memory often provides the best value for increasing overall computer performance.

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Summary (continued)

All computers slow down as you work with them. To improve or maintain computer efficiency, periodically use Windows tools to defragment hard drives, empty the Recycle Bin, delete temporary files, and remove cookies.

Some maintenance procedures are not suitable for the average computer user, and should be performed by a computer professional, such as replacing the power supply or opening the power supply case, replacing other electrical components, including the processor and RAM, and adding an internal hard disk.

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1 Lesson 4 Computer Maintenance Computer Literacy BASICS: A Comprehensive Guide to IC 3, 3 rd...

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