1 Land use and Ecosystem Accounting – practical application Agnieszka Romanowicz.
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Transcript of 1 Land use and Ecosystem Accounting – practical application Agnieszka Romanowicz.
1
Land use and Ecosystem Accounting – Land use and Ecosystem Accounting – practical applicationpractical application
Agnieszka RomanowiczAgnieszka Romanowicz
2
The Implementation of Integrated The Implementation of Integrated Land and Ecosystem Accounts in EuropeLand and Ecosystem Accounts in Europe
CORINE Land Cover 1990 and 2000CORINE Land Cover 1990 and 2000
Enables us to map stock and change…Enables us to map stock and change…
… and to construct stock and flow accounts
… and to construct stock and flow accounts
…and to report them using a range of different geographical frameworks
…and to report them using a range of different geographical frameworks
3
Land cover accounts. Land cover accounts. Background and Background and OverviewOverview
• There is a growing demand for spatially explicit indicators for to support policies for
• nature, • regional development,• agriculture, • transport, • coastal management …
4
The approach used to generate The approach used to generate the LEAC record for stockthe LEAC record for stock
5
Land cover change accounts: Land cover change accounts: from maps to statisticsfrom maps to statistics
CORRESPONDANCE BETWEEN LAND COVER CHANGES (CLC LEVEL 3) AND THE LAND COVER FLOWS
132 133 141 142 211 212 213 221 222 223
Dump sites Construction
sites Green urban
areas
Sport and leisure
facilities
Non-irrigated arable land
Permanently irrigated land
Rice fields Vineyards Fruit trees and berry
plantations Olive groves
243 Land principally occupied by agriculture w ith significant areas of natural vegetation
Extension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
244 Agro-forestry areasExtension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensif ication of agriculture
Intensif ication of agriculture
Intensif ication of agriculture
Planting of vineyards, fruit and olive trees over arable & pasture
Planting of vineyards, fruit and olive trees over arable & pasture
Planting of vineyards, fruit and olive trees over arable & pasture
311 Broad-leaved forestExtension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
312 Coniferous forestExtension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
313 Mixed forestExtension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
321 Natural grasslandExtension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
322 Moors and heathlandExtension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
LCF1 Urban land management
LCF2 Urban residential sprawl
LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures
LCF4 Agriculture internal conversions
LCF5 Conversion from other land cover to agriculture
LCF6 Withdrawal of farming
LCF7 Forests creation and management
LCF8 Water bodies creation and management
LCF9 Changes due to natural & multiple causes
Land cover 1990 & 2000 and land cover change are first converted to a grid
(below, 3x3 km)
Individual changes are grouped by land cover flows that describe
processes
Main annual conversions between agriculture and forests/ dry semi-natural land in ha/year
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Withdrawal of farming withoutsignificant woodland creation
Withdrawal of farming with woodlandcreation
Conversion from wetlands toagriculture
Conversion from dry semi-natural &natural land to agriculture
Conversion from forest to agriculture
6
Flow accountsFlow accounts
A flow account describing processes of land cover change in Europe, 24 countries, 1990-2000
A flow account describing processes of land cover change in Europe, 24 countries, 1990-2000
Corine land cover types 1 2A 2B 3A 3B 3C 4 5
Land cover flows
Art
ific
ial a
reas
Ara
ble
lan
d &
p
erm
an
ent
cro
ps
Pas
ture
s &
m
osa
ics
Fo
res
ted
lan
d
Sem
i-n
atu
ral
veg
eta
tio
n
Op
en
sp
ace
s/ b
are
soil
s
Wet
lan
ds
Wat
er
bo
die
s
LCF1 Urban land management 737 15 19 0 8 0 0 780LCF2 Urban residential sprawl 1924 1867 200 145 8 3 2 4149LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures 77 2728 1595 665 451 35 22 53 5627LCF4 Agriculture internal conversions 17252 10062 27314LCF5 Conversion from other land cover to agriculture 273 935 1796 1734 155 96 50 5039LCF6 Withdrawal of farming 2393 2860 5253LCF7 Forests creation and management 254 35803 5166 1048 1063 3 43337LCF8 Water bodies creation and management 191 252 253 117 190 17 21 1042LCF9 Changes due to natural & multiple causes 311 44 15 1317 1323 1041 229 252 4534Total Consumption of 1990 land cover, km² 1843 24608 17607 39899 9018 2304 1413 381 97074
No Change 160016 1149717 802502 990736 255914 50289 45502 45473 3500149Total land cover 1990, km² 161860 1174325 820109 1030635 264932 52593 46915 45854 3597223LCF1 Urban land management 780 780LCF2 Urban residential sprawl 4149 4149LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures 5627 5627LCF4 Agriculture internal conversions 15695 11619 27314LCF5 Conversion from other land cover to agriculture 2450 2590 5039LCF6 Withdrawal of farming 1124 2792 1244 23 70 0 5253LCF7 Forests creation and management 42547 766 24 43337LCF8 Water bodies creation and management 21 1021 1042LCF9 Land Cover due to natural & multiple causes 4 2167 1790 313 260 4534Total Formation of 2000 land cover, km² 10556 18144 15333 45343 4177 1858 383 1280 97074
No Change 160016 1149717 802502 990736 255914 50289 45502 45473 3500149Total land cover 2000, km² 170572 1167861 817835 1036079 260090 52147 45885 46754 3597223
To
tal,
km
²
Hierarchical classification of land cover, 44 classes at most detailed level
Hierarchical classification of land cover, 44 classes at most detailed level
Hierarchical classification of flows ~the processes of land cover change…
Hierarchical classification of flows ~the processes of land cover change…
7
Summary indicatorsSummary indicators
8
Artificial land uptakeArtificial land uptake
9
Comparison of artificial land uptake by countriesComparison of artificial land uptake by countries
10
Mapping flows: urban sprawl, by gridMapping flows: urban sprawl, by grid
Patterns of urban sprawl across Europe, 24 countries, 1990-2000, 1km x 1km grid
Patterns of urban sprawl across Europe, 24 countries, 1990-2000, 1km x 1km grid
11
12
Urban sprawl in close proximity of airportsUrban sprawl in close proximity of airports
• 21 airports; 4 buffer zones (5,10,15,20 km)• LCF analysed:
• LCF1 Urban land management: Internal transformation of urban areas.
• LCF2 Urban residential sprawl: Land uptake by residential buildings altogether with associated services and urban infrastructure from non urban land
• LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures: Land uptake by new economic sites and infrastructures (including sport and leisure facilities) from non urban land
13
Country Airport 5 km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 1630
Greece Athinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 1299
Ireland Dublin International 1152
Portugal Lisboa 1043
Germany Leipzig/Halle 901
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 901
Austria Graz International 583
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 520
Spain Malaga 502
Spain Valencia/Manises 490
Country Airport 10km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 5792
Ireland Dublin International 3002
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 2721
Portugal Lisboa 2362
Germany Leipzig/Halle 2213
Spain Valencia/Manises 2054
Greece Athinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 2024
Spain Barcelona 1372
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 1129
France Lyon Saint Exupery 922
Country Airport 15km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 10742
Ireland Dublin International 5249
Portugal Lisboa 4976
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 4946
Spain Valencia/Manises 4091
Germany Leipzig/Halle 3432
Greece Athinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 3196
France Lyon Saint Exupery 1826
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 1733
Spain Barcelona 1572
Country Airport 20km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 16127
Portugal Lisboa 9373
Ireland Dublin International 6920
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 6196
Spain Valencia/Manises 4932
Germany Leipzig/Halle 4332
Greece Athinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 3910
France Lyon Saint Exupery 2337
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 2220
France Paris Orly 1990
Total changes whit in each of the buffer zones Total changes whit in each of the buffer zones
14
Country Airport LCf1 15km buffer
Ireland Dublin International 1568
Spain Madrid/Barajas 1380
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 1254
GreeceAthinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 1191
Portugal Lisboa 618
France Lyon Saint Exupery 601
Poland Warszawa / Okecie 364
Germany LEIPZIG/HALLE 248
Spain Malaga 237
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 229
Country AirportLCF1 10km buffer
Greece Athinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 1191
Ireland Dublin International 950
Spain Madrid/Barajas 844
France Lyon Saint Exupery 492
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 414
Portugal Lisboa 392
Spain Malaga 237
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 219
Poland Warszawa / Okecie 155
Hungary Budapest/Ferihegy 142
Country AirportLCF1 5km buffer
GreeceAthinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 1191
Ireland Dublin International 452
Portugal Lisboa 222
Spain Malaga 173
France Lyon Saint Exupery 137
United Kingdom London Heathrow 121
Spain Madrid/Barajas 110
United Kingdom London/City 91
Hungary Budapest/Ferihegy 58
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 48
Country AirportLCF1 20km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 2759
Ireland Dublin International 1832
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 1405
GreeceAthinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 1322
Portugal Lisboa 881
France Lyon Saint Exupery 736
Lithuania Vilnius 532
Poland Warszawa / Okecie 510
Germany HAMBURG 388
Germany LEIPZIG/HALLE 304
LCF 1- LCF 1- Urban land management: Internal transformation of urban areasUrban land management: Internal transformation of urban areas
15
Country AirportLCF2 5km buffer
Portugal Lisboa 423
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 276
Spain Madrid/Barajas 260
RomaniaBucuresti / Baneasa-Aurel Vlaicu 206
Austria Graz International 185
Ireland Dublin International 113
United Kingdom Nottingham 105
Poland Warszawa / Okecie 99
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 92
Germany Leipzig/Halle 84
Country AirportLCF2 10km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 1372
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 1161
Portugal Lisboa 1033
Spain Valencia/Manises 685
Ireland Dublin International 538
Germany Leipzig/Halle 405
France Nice Cote D Azur 333
Poland Warszawa / Okecie 322
RomaniaBucuresti / Baneasa-Aurel Vlaicu 252
Austria Graz International 244
Country AirportLCf2 15km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 2675
Portugal Lisboa 2623
Ireland Dublin International 1488
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 1429
Spain Valencia/Manises 1429
France Nice Cote D Azur 891
GreeceAthinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 827
Germany Leipzig/Halle 672
Poland Warszawa / Okecie 427
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 395
Country AirportLCF2 20km buffer
Portugal Lisboa 5354
Spain Madrid/Barajas 3923
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 2010
Ireland Dublin International 1993
Spain Valencia/Manises 1858
GreeceAthinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 1290
France Nice Cote D Azur 1188
Germany Leipzig/Halle 844
Poland Warszawa / Okecie 651
Germany Berlin-Tegel 587
LCF2LCF2 Urban residential sprawl: Land uptake by residential buildingsUrban residential sprawl: Land uptake by residential buildings
16
Country AirportLCF3 5km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 1260
Germany Leipzig/Halle 817
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 590
Ireland Dublin International 587
Spain Valencia/Manises 411
Portugal Lisboa 398
Austria Graz International 385
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 380
Spain Barcelona 367
Spain Malaga 269
Country AirportLCF3 10km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 3576
Germany Leipzig/Halle 1808
Ireland Dublin International 1514
Spain Valencia/Manises 1300
Spain Barcelona 1162
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 1146
Portugal Lisboa 937
Greece Athinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 763
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 722
Spain Malaga 525
Country AirportLCf3 15km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 6687
Germany Leipzig/Halle 2512
Spain Valencia/Manises 2489
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 2263
Ireland Dublin International 2193
Portugal Lisboa 1735
Spain Barcelona 1325
Greece Athinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 1178
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 1109
France Lyon Saint Exupery 967
Country AirportLCF3 20km buffer
Spain Madrid/Barajas 9445
Germany Leipzig/Halle 3184
Portugal Lisboa 3138
Ireland Dublin International 3095
Spain Valencia/Manises 2901
Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 2781
France Paris Charles De Gaulle 1510
Spain Barcelona 1461
France Paris Orly 1361
Greece Athinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 1298
LCF3LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructuresSprawl of economic sites and infrastructures
17
Total amount of hectares changedTotal amount of hectares changed within each buffer for LCF 1,2 and 3within each buffer for LCF 1,2 and 3
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
MADRID
/BARAJA
S
LISBOA
DUBLIN IN
TERNATIO
NAL
SCHIPHOL/
AMSTERDAM
VALENCIA
/MANIS
ES
LEIP
ZIG/H
ALLE
ATHINAI/E
LEFTHERIO
S VENIZ
ELOS
LYO
N SAIN
T EXUPERY
PARIS C
HARLES D
E GAULL
E
PARIS O
RLY
ha
5 km buffer 10km buffer 15km buffer 20km buffer
18
Gra
z
Sch
wec
hat
Bru
ssel
s
Cha
rlero
i
Lieg
e
Koe
benh
avn
LCF
1 5k
buf
fer
LCF
1 10
k bu
ffer
LCf1
15k
buf
fer
LCF
1 20
k bu
ffer
LCF
2 5k
buf
fer
LCF
2 10
k bu
ffer
LCf2
15k
buf
fer
LCF
2 20
k bu
ffer
LCF
3 5k
buf
fer
LCF
3 10
k bu
ffer
LCf3
15k
buf
fer
LCF
3 20
k bu
ffer
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
19
Ber
lin-T
egel
Fra
nkfu
rt M
ain
Ham
burg
Kol
n/B
onn
Leip
zig/
Hal
le
Mun
chen
LCF
1 5k
buf
fer
LCF
1 10
k bu
ffer
LCf1
15k
buf
fer
LCF
1 20
k bu
ffer
LCF
2 5k
buf
fer
LCF
2 10
k bu
ffer
LCf2
15k
buf
fer
LCF
2 20
k bu
ffer
LCF
3 5k
buf
fer
LCF
3 10
k bu
ffer
LCf3
15k
buf
fer
LCF
3 20
k bu
ffer
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
20
21
22
23
24
ConclusionsConclusions• Urban sprawl in Europe between 1990 - 2000 was very
significant• Low cost airlines share of total European flights is
growing• Many of the airports are now within the city limits,
therefore there is more pressure on i.e. reduction of flights; limits for the hours for take off and landing=> noise levels getting too high for the residents living in close proximity
• Due to changes in consumption patterns new sites of services are developed
• New airports are being developed=>new infrastructure will be develop for the airport and transport network to and out of the airport
25
Future perspective on the usage of LEAC tool in Future perspective on the usage of LEAC tool in the noise mapping from the airportsthe noise mapping from the airports
• Redistribution of the population to urban class in the Corine map=> proxy calculation of the size of the population exposed to noise
• CLC 2006=> new analysis of the urban sprawl in the close proximity to the airports => 2000-2006 large increase in low cost airlines
• Mapping of the integrated analysis in distributed way