1

J-PARC Overview

Shoji Nagamiya

J-PARC Center

High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA)

October 15, 2008ATHIC2008, Tsukuba

2

J-PARC Overview

Shoji Nagamiya

J-PARC Center

High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA)

October 15, 2008ATHIC2008, Tsukuba

3

Nuclear Transmutation

(Phase 2)

Joint Project between KEK and JAEA 2

Materials and Life ScienceExperimental Facility

Hadron Beam Facility

５００ｍ

Linac(330m)

Neutrino to Kamiokande

J-PARC Facility

3 GeV Synchrotron(25 Hz, 1MW) 50 GeV Synchrotron

(0.75 MW)

GeV= 　 10 ９　

electron volt

J-PARC = Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex

4

Location of J-PARC at Tokai

TOKYO

KEK

JAERI

NARITA

KAMIOKA

Tsukuba

Tokai1 hour

295 km JAEA

J-PARC

5

Goals at J-PARC

Need to have high-powerproton beams

MW-class proton accelerator (current frontier is about 0.1 MW)

R&D toward Transmutation at 0.6 GeVNuclear & Particle Physics at 50 GeVMaterials & Life Sciences at 3 GeV

6Bird’s eye photo in January of 2008

J-PARC Facility(KEK/JAEA ）

Linac

North to South

Accelerators

50 GeVSynchrotron

JFY2008 Beams

500 m

CY2007 Beams

3 GeVSynchrotron

7Superconducting magnets for the neutrino beamline

50GeV Synchrotron （ 1600 ｍ）

3 GeV Synchrotron (350 ｍ）Linac （ 330 ｍ）

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Phase 1 and Phase 2

– Phase 1 + Phase 2 = 1,890 Oku Yen (= $1.89 billions if $1 = 100 Yen).

– Phase 1 = 1,527 Oku Yen (= $1.5 billions) for 〜 8 years.– JAEA: 860 Oku Yen (56%), KEK: 667 Oku Yen (44%).

JAEA Portion

KEK Portion

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Construction Schedule

ConstructionStart

Time when thisschedule was created

(J-PARC Center started)

Now

Open to Users

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J-PARC Facility(KEK/JAEA ）

Bird’s eye photo in January of 2008

South to North

ExperimentalAreasNeutrino

Beams 　(to Kamioka)

JFY2009 Beams

50 GeV Synchrotron

Hadron Exp.

Facility

Materials and Life

Experimental Facility

JFY2008 Beams

3 GeV Synchrotron

CY2007 Beams

Linac

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Materials and LifeExperimental Facility

Facility similar to SNS in the USand to ISIS in the UK

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Experimental Devices

Muon Experimental Area

Neutron Scattering Area

Materials & Life Experimental Facility

Neutron Beam Lines (23 total)

Neutron Beam Lines (23 total)

Target Station

ScatteredNeutrons

Proton Beam

Proton Beam

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Mercury Targetfor NeutronsContainer

Rail

MuonProduction

Area

Neutron Source

Experimental Hall

The 1st Hall

Muon Hall

The 2nd Hall

The 1st Hall （ Neutron Area ）2008.5.30. First Neutrons2008.12. Open to Users

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Preparation of Neutron Equipments

Beam Test

（ JAEA ）

Fundamental physics（ KEK)

• 23 beam liens are available.

• Application for equipment open to public.

• About 10 equipments within JFY2008.

Super High Resolution Powder Diffractometer (SHRPD) - KEK

IBARAKI Biological Crystal Diffractometer - Ibaraki Prefecture

Protein Dynamics Analysis Instrument (DIANA) – JAEA

Nuclear Interaction

（ Hokkaido 、ＪＳＴ）

High-intensity Versatile Neutron Total Diffractometer - KEK, NEDO

4d Space Access NeutronSpectrometer(4SEASONS) -Grant-in-Aid for Specially -Promoted Research, MEXT,

IBARAKI Materials Design Diffractometer - Ibaraki Prefecture

Engineering Diffractometer - JAEA

Neutron Reflectometer with Horizontal-Sample Geometry - KEK

High-intensity SANS (HI-SANS) - JAEA

Proton beamLifeScience

MaterialsScience

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Example of Test Results in June, 2008

　 Bragg Diffraction

Obtained at KEK KENS

Result at J-PARC(world record)

Lattice distance

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New Invention for Moderator

Protons

Neutron Source

AIC Decoupler （ blue ）Covers around the

entire surface

TowardbeamlineHydrogen

Neutronsfrom

Reflector

Neutron beams

Moderator

Ag,In,Cd

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Muon Lifetime and Muon Rotation

Lifetime = 2.2 s

Muon Spin Rotation in a Magnetic Field

September 26, 2008

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Expected Power vs. Actual Power 　　

Actual

1.5 yearsahead

November of 2003

Power at KEK-Booster = 3 kW

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Neutrino ExperimentalFacility

Number of Users: about 400

(about 1/6 from Japan)

Experiments with IntenseNeutrino Beams

Super Kamiokande

295 km West

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Neutrino Oscillation (T2K) Experiment

４０ｍ

４１

．４

ｍ

神岡町（岐阜県）

東海村（茨城県）

タウニュートリノ ミューニュートリノ

(295km)

J -PARC大強度陽子加速器

神岡町（岐阜県）

東海村（茨城県）

タウニュートリノ ミューニュートリノ

(295km)

J -PARC大強度陽子加速器J-PARC

Mu NeutrinoSuperKamiokande

Electron Neutrino

100 times sensitivity as compared with K2K

T2K 　 Exp.

Electron neutrinos Mu neutrinos

13 　 ←→　 Mixing between the 1st and 3rd generation

100 neutrinos 150 neutrinosFor example

Dissapearance of neutrions 　←→　 Finite Mass

e

T2K

大気ニュートリノ加速器ニュートリノ

太陽ニュートリノ原子炉ニュートリノ

KamLAND, SNO

Kamoka,K2K,MINOS,etc.

Competition with FNAL and CERN !

一コマ 一コマ

CP violation experiment later by increasing intensity

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Layout for Neutrino Experiment

Muon monitors @ ~140m– spill-by-spill monitoring of 〜beam direction/intensity

First Front detector @280m– 0 degree definition– High stat. neutrino inter. studies

Second Front Detector @ ~2km– Ultimate systematics– Now fixing the site

Far detector @ 295km– Super-Kamiokande (50kt)

1.5km

295km

0.28km

Neutrino spectra at diff. dist

Dominant SystematicError in K2K

p

140 m0 m 280 m 2 km 295 kmIncluded inthe budget

Futurenegotiation

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T2KK

JPARC

Off-axis angle

Distance from the target (km)

K. Hagiwara Nucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl. 137 84 (2004)

KamiokaL=295km OA2.5deg

KoreaL=1000~1250km OA 1.0~2.5deg

Hyper-Ksign(Dm2) CP violation

T2KK(0.27+0.27Mt)

T2K-II(0.54Mt)

Ishitsuka et al. PRD 72 (2005) 033003

2s 3s

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Production Area and Decay Volume

Decay volume（→）

Production Area（ p + A→ ）

Buried under the ground.

Neutrino Area

Beams inJFY2009

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Hadron ExperimentalFacility

Number of Users: about 600

Experiments with Intense K-Meson Beams (Kaon Factory)

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?

S

KS

Shrinkageby 50% in radiusY. Akaishi, et al. PL B613, 140 (2005)

K- Bound StateM. Angello, et al. PRL 9

4, 212303 (2005)

Partial deconfinement of quarks

Mass change

Nucleus

Hyper nucleus

S

Day-1 Experiments at Hadron Facility

Anti-quark

K Meson

Proton or Neutron

Quark

Shrinkage by 20 % in radius

K. Tanida, et al. PRL 86 1982 (2001)

High Res.Exp.

Implantation of Hadron in the Nucleus

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Pion Implantation

K. Suzuki, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 072302 (2004)

Meson Implantation

Meson

Inside nuclear matter the order parameter for pion could be reduced by 1/3 (i.e., partial restoration of chiral symmetry)

RHICLHC J-PARC

order parameter

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Hadron Experimental Area

Hadron Area

Beam withinJFY2008

Now

Summer in 2007

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World Center

Materials and Life: One of three world centers, in particular, in Asia.

Hadron physics 　 A unique kaon factory in the world. Neutrino physics: As a world leader among the three world

centers.

J-PARC

GSI

Hadron (antiprotons)ISIS ：英国ラザフォード研究所の中性子源、 SNS ：米国オークリッジ国立研究所の中性子源CERN ：欧州合同原子核研究機構、 FNAL ：米国フェルミ国立研究所、 GSI ：ドイツ重イオン研究所

ISIS

SNS

Center in neutrons ISIS ：英国ラザフォード研究所の中性子源、 SNS ：米国オークリッジ国立研究所の中性子源CERN ：欧州合同原子核研究機構、 FNAL ：米国フェルミ国立研究所、 GSI ：ドイツ重イオン研究所

FNAL

CERN

Center in neutrino

ISIS ：英国ラザフォード研究所の中性子源、 SNS ：米国オークリッジ国立研究所の中性子源CERN ：欧州合同原子核研究機構、 FNAL ：米国フェルミ国立研究所

Hadron (Kaons)

ISIS ：英国ラザフォード研究所の中性子源、 SNS ：米国オークリッジ国立研究所の中性子源CERN ：欧州合同原子核研究機構、 FNAL ：米国フェルミ国立研究所、 GSI ：ドイツ重イオン研究所

Formation of the world center is the next issue!

World leading accelerator facility is about to be completed.

Internationalization is, however, the urgent issue to solve!

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Major Upgrades under Discussions

Neutrons and Muons– Neutron equipments: How to fill the 23 beamlines (so far about ten

were funded).– Muon equipments: Among four beamlines, only one will be in operation

in 2008. Others have to be funded. Hadrons

– Must construct several kaon beamlines plus a primary beamline.– Hadron hall expansion (Phase 2: 60m in length to 100m): Necessary to

accommodate many user groups (Many requests on this at the Int. Workshop (NP08) held on 5-7 March of 2008).

Neutrinos– Power upgrade.– The third detector (at 2 km from J-PARC or at Okinoshima/Korea).

Nuclear Transmutation– The major item for Phase 2 … Main Goal for JAEA.

Others– Energy upgrade to 50 GeV.– Third extraction line or Fast Extraction at Hadron Hall?– Polarized protons, heavy-ions, ….

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Summary

Unique Accelerator Project 　 Multi-purpose facility– World class proton facility Variety of secondary beams Multipurpose – Broad fields in Science (materials and Life, Nuclear and Particle, Nuclear

Industrial, etc.) Interdisciplinary facility– Big facility with small users (over 1000 user groups)– Open to users for Materials and Life in December of 2008. Start to use

the hadron facility within JFY2008. Neutrino beams in JFY2009.

Open the Facility to International Scientific Communities and Domestic Industries– Internationalization is still not sufficient. Need to improve this aspect.– Open to industries in the area of neutron sciences.

Future Issues: Production of Top-Level Scientific Results– Production of world leading results.– Operation of the facility as the User Facility.– International facility. Open to any countries in the world.– Easier access by the industries.

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1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

INS, U. Tokyo

OriginalKEK

Meson Lab. U. Tokyo

PresentKEK

(Govn’t Org.)

Monbu-sho

JAERI

STA

Suggestion ofJoint Effort

Neutrino Const. Start

Phase 1 Completion

Neutrino Start

J-PARC

Construction Start

JHF Neutron Project

MEXT (Ministry of Educ., etc. and Technologies)

PresentKEK

(Non Govn’t Org.)

New Joint Institution(JAEA)

JNC

PS Operation

J-PARC OperationJRR-3M Operation

J-PARC Center

New rule for theoperational fund