1

Introduction to EngineeringLab 3 -1Basic Electronics with Circuit Prototyping

Agenda Introduction to circuits Building a simple circuit

2

OVERVIEW

MAJOR TYPES of ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS COMPONENTS and SYMBOLS PROTOTYPING BOARDS POWER SUPPLIES DIGITAL MULTIMETER DIGITAL COUNTER SCHEMATIC CIRCUIT DRAWINGS SIMPLE CIRCUIT, BUILD AND USE

3

ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS

DIGITALOPERATION EXHIBITS A FINITE NUMBER OF DISCRETE CONDITIONS (e.g., ON/OFF) AND IS RELATIVELY INSENSITIVE TO NOISE

ANALOGOPERATION EXHIBITS AN INFINITE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT CONDITIONS AND IS RELATIVELY SENSITIVE TO NOISE

4

ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

SWITCHES RESISTORS CAPACITORS LIGHT EMITTING DIODES CADMIUM SULFIDE PHOTOCELLS TRIM POTENTIOMETERS TRANSISTORS INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (ICs)

5

SWITCHES NUMBER OF POLES (contact pairs) TYPE OF ACTION (bi-stable, momentary, etc.) BODY/ACTUATOR STYLE (micro, toggle, button, chassis mount, etc.)

MICROSWITCH, LEVER ACTUATED, SPDT

C

NO

NC

6

RESISTORS

RESIST THE FLOW OF ELECTRICAL CURRENT NO POLARITY POWER LIMITED UNIT OF MEASURE IS OHMS COLOR BANDS INDICATE VALUE, TOLERANCE

A 100 Kohm Resistor

7

CAPACITORS

HOLD AN ELECTRICAL CHARGE THAT VARIES WITH CURRENT (VOLTAGE)

VOLTAGE LIMITED UNIT OF MEASURE IS FARADS (but

generally expressed in micro, nano, or pico farads)

Polarized and Non-polarized Capacitors

+

8

LIGHT EMITTING DIODES

PASS ELECTRICAL CURRENT IN ONE DIRECTION ONLY

EMIT LIGHT PROPORTIONAL TO CURRENT THROUGH DIODE (over limited range)

MUST HAVE CURRENT LIMITED BY A RESISTOR IN SERIES

+

9

CdS PHOTOCELLS

RESISTANCE THAT VARIES WITH INCIDENT LIGHT

SENSITIVE TO ALL LIGHT (whether from LED or room lighting)

POWER LIMITED

10

TRIM POTENTIOMETERS

RESISTANCE THAT VARIES BY MANUAL ADJUSTMENTSLOTTED KNOB USED TO MOVE INTERNAL ‘WIPER’ ACROSS RESISTANCEPOWER LIMITED

1 2 3

11

TRANSISTORS

CONTROL THE FLOW OF CURRENT IN ONE DIRECTION

MUST HAVE CURRENT LIMITED BY LOAD AND/OR ADDITIONAL RESISTANCE

E

B

C

12

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS MANY TRANSISTORS,

RESISTORS, AND CAPACITORS ON A SINGLE SILICON WAFER TO PERFORM SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS

THE WAFER IS MOUNTED TO A CARRIER FOR EASE OF USE AND HEAT DISSIPATION

1

15

8

4

7

Notches mark pin 1 end or pin 1 of IC

(highlighted for clarity)

13

PROTOTYPING BOARDS

Bare Prototyping Board

14

PROTOTYPING BOARDS

Bare Board Power and

ground terminal posts

15

PROTOTYPING BOARDS

Bare Board Power and

ground terminal posts

5-hole sets, electrically common (connected) internally

16

PROTOTYPING BOARDS

Bare Board Power and

ground terminal posts

Power bus (red/solid)

Ground bus (blue/dashed)

17

PROTOTYPING BOARDS

Bare Board Power and

ground terminal posts

Jumpers for complete distribution of power

18

PROTOTYPING BOARDS

Bare Board Power and

ground terminal posts

Connecting to the work space

19

POWER SUPPLIES

BATTERIES AC to DC POWER SUPPLIES

20

DIGITAL MULTIMETER

MEASURE RESISTANCE, CURRENT, or VOLTAGE

WE WILL USE IT FOR VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS

21

DIGITAL COUNTER

ACCUMULATES AND DISPLAYS ‘COUNTS’

EACH ‘CLEAN’ SWITCH CLOSURE (OR EQUIVALENT) ON THE INPUT CAUSES THE DISPLAY TO INCREMENT BY ONE

RESET DISPLAY TO ZERO WITH FRONT PUSHBUTTON

Pin 1

Silver Mark

22

SCHEMATIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS

TO COMMUNICATE THE DESIGN IN A STANDARD WAY

23

Assignment

Read Lab 3 Procedure Carefully