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COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

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Installing andConfiguring

Computer Systems

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Sector : ELECTRONICS

Qualification : COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING NC II

Unit of Competency : INSTALL AND CONFIGURE COMPUTER

SYSTEMS

Module Title : INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING COMPUTER

SYSTEMS

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority

KABASALAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Kabasalan, Zamboanga Sibugay


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HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Welcome to the module in Installing and Configuring Computer

Systems. This module contains training materials and activities for you to

complete.

The unit of competency “Install and Configure Computer Systems"

contains knowledge, skills and attitudes required forComputer Systems

Servicing NC II.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

complete each learning outcome of the module. In each learning outcome are

Information Sheets, Self-Checks, Operation SheetsandJob Sheets. Follow

these activities on your own. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your

trainer for assistance.

The goal of this course is the development of practical skills. To gain

these skills, you must learn basic concepts and terminologies. For the most

part, you'll get this information from the Information Sheets and TESDA

Website, www.tesda.gov.ph

This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency, in

“Installing and Configuring Computer Systems ".

This will be the source of information for you to acquire knowledge and skills in

this particular competency independently and at your own pace, with minimum

supervision or help from your instructor.

Remember to:

• Work through all the information and complete the activities in each

section.

• Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested references

are included to supplement the materials provided in this module.

• Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager. He/sheis there to support you and show you the correct way to do things.

• You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and practice on the

job. Make sure you practice your new skills during regular work shifts. This

way you will improve both your speed and memory and also your

confidence.

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• Use the Self-checks, Operation Sheets or Job Sheets at the end of each

section to test your own progress.

• When you feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask your

Trainer to evaluate you. The results of your assessment will be recorded in

yourProgress Chart and Accomplishment Chart.

You need to complete this module before you can perform the next module.

COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

1

Install and Configure

Computer System

Installing and

Configuring Computer

Systems

ELC724331

2Set-Up Computer Networks Setting-Up Computer

NetworksELC724332

3Set-Up Computer Servers Setting-Up Computer

ServersELC724333

4

Maintain and Repair

Computer Systems and

Networks

Maintaining and

Repairing Computer

Systems and Networks

ELC724334

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MODULE CONTENT

Qualification : Computer System Servicing NC II

Unit of Competency : Install and Configure Computer System

Module Title : Installing and Configuring Computer Systems

Module Descriptor : This course is designed to develop & enhance the

knowledge, skills, & attitudes of a Computer Systems

Service Technician, in accordance with industrystandards. It covers the basic and common

competencies in addition to the core competencies such

as to install and configure computers systems, set-up

computer networks and servers and to maintain and

repair computer systems and networks.

Learning Outcomes: At the completion of this module youMUST be able

to:

1. Assemble computer hardware

2. Prepare installer

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3. Install operating system and drivers for

peripherals/ devices

4. Install application software

5. Conduct testing and documentation

LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY

Learning Outcome 1 Assemble Computer Hardware

CONTENTS:

1.PC Overview and Tools

2.Identifying the Components of Motherboard

3.Safety Information

4.Installing Motherboard

5.Installing Power Supply Unit

6.Installing Central Processing Unit

7.Installing Dual Inline Memory Module

8.Installing DVD

9.Installing Hard Disk drive10.Front Panel Cables

11.Peripheral Devices and Accessories

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ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1.Unit assembly is planned and prepared to ensure OH&S policies

and procedures are followed in accordance with systemsrequirements.

2.Materials necessary to complete the work are identified and

obtained in accordance with established procedures and checked

against systems requirements.

3.Tools, equipment and testing devices needed to carry out the

installation work are obtained in accordance with established

procedures and checked for correct operation and safety.

4.Computer hardware is assembled in accordance with established

procedures and systems requirements.5.Basis-input-output-system (BIOS) configuration is performed in

accordance with hardware requirements.

CONDITIONS:

The student/trainees must be provided with the following:

1.Manuals/Training Resources and activities on but not limited to:a.Occupational health and safety laws

b.Personal safety

c.Workplace hazards

d.Environmental laws

e.Protective eyewear

f.Digital multi-meter

g.Wire stripper with bolt cutter

h.Pliers (assorted)

i.Screw drivers (assorted)

j.Soldering iron

k.Desoldering tool

l.Allen wrench (0.05 – 0.25 inch)

m.Flashlight

n.IC insertion/extraction tool

o.Mirror (inspection)

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p.RS 232 pin insertion/extraction tool

q.Sharp pointed tweezers

r.Antistatic wrist wrap

s.LAN Tester

t.Crimping toolsu.Motherboard

v.Hard disk

w.Video card

x.Sound card

y.Optical disc drives

z.Memory modules

aa. Power supply

bb.Cables and cords

cc. OHP Propjector

dd.Computer

METHODOLOGIES:

1.Lecture

2.Discussion

3.Viewing Multimedia

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

• Written examination

• Practical examination

LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Outcome 1: Assemble Computer Hardware

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Configuring

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Learning Activities Special Instructions

ReadInformation Sheet 1.1-1

on PC Overview and Tools

Answer Self-Check 1.1-1 Compare answer with Model

Answer


on Identifying the components ofMotherboard


Answer


on Safety Information


Answer


on Installing Motherboard


Answer


on Installing PSU


Answer


on Installing CPU Answer Self-Check 1.1-6 Compare answer with Model

Answer


on Installing DIMM


Answer


on Installing DVD

Answer Self-Check 1.1-8 Compare answer with Model Answer


on Installing HDD


Answer


on Front Panel Cables


Answer


on Peripheral Devices and

Accessories


Answer


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INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1

PC Overview and Tools

Learning Objective: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be

able to know and have knowledge on computer parts and

different tools used in hardware servicing.

Introduction

Modern PCs are machines that are capable of performing amazing things.

Surfing the Internet, managing stock portfolios, playing games with people

across town, across the country, or even in other countries, using e-mail, doing

scientific research, exploring our genealogy, printing out maps to nearly any

location—all these things are possible using a PC today. They are marvelous

devices and are extremely complex. They all run on electricity and use

sophisticated electronic devices to perform the magic that is increasingly taken

for granted in our daily lives.

1.1 The System Unit

The large metal box housing the main part of a PC is called thesystem unit, or

some refer to it as theCPU(Central Processing Unit). The term system unit,

since to most people the term CPU means the microprocessor inside, located on

the motherboard. Inside the system unit are most of the subsystems that make

up a PC: the power supply, motherboard (main board or system board),

expansion cards, memory, various drives, possibly a single small speaker,

cooling fans, and so on. Notebook and laptop PCs are all-in-one affairs thatinclude built-in keyboards, pointing units, and even speakers. They can be

considered to be system units as well.

This information sheet provides a brief overview of the important subsystems

inside the system unit as well as the most commonly used peripheral units

used with a PC.

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Figure 1.1 shows a typical PC system unit.

FIGURE 1.1 A typical PC system unit.

1.2 The Power Supply

The PC’s power supply must accept a relatively high-voltagealternating current

(AC) ranging in different countries from 100 to 240 V (volts) provided by the

electric power companies, and convert it into much lower voltagedirect current

(DC), which operates the electronic devices inside. The power supply delivers

several different DC voltage levels and they must all stay very close to the

correct values. The supply provides + and –12 VDC, + and –5 VDC, +3.3 VDC

and +5 VDC standby. Voltage variation outside the accepted standards (usually

+/–1%, or +/–5% depending on the quality of the supply) can cause data errors

or system crashes. The power supply must provide these well-regulated DC

voltages despite changes in the load currents inside the PC, and it must also

hold the output voltages steady even if the AC input voltage from the wall outlet

changes. A more detailed explanation of PC power supplies can be found inChapter 14, “Power Supplies.” At this point you should be aware that the power

supply runs all subsystems inside the system unit and is vital to the proper

operation of any PC. You should also know that different voltage levels, one

voltage level for a 1 and another voltage level for a 0, represent the digital 0s

and 1s in a PC. Refer to Figure 1.2 for a picture of a typical PC power supply.

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FIGURE 1.2 A PC power supply.

The United States, Canada, and a few other countries use 120 V, while much of

the rest of the world uses 220–240 V.

1.3 The Motherboard

The motherboard (AKA main board or system board) is the largest circuit board

in a PC. It contains the microprocessor(s) with heat sink, solid-state random

access memory (RAM), support chips, Basic Input/Output System (BIOS),

backup battery, plus most of the features that were once added to a PC only by

installing expansion cards. Many motherboards today include built-in modems,

sound, video, Ethernet, SCSI host adapters, RAID, support for fast I/O such as

USB 2.0, Firewire, and other options. These highly integrated motherboards

reduce the parts count (fewer individual chips) and increase the reliability of

the product. Refer to Figure 1.3 for a picture of a PC motherboard.

FIGURE 1.3 A PC motherboard.

1.4 The Microprocessor

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Most people are familiar with the company names Intel® and AMD®, the largest

producers of microprocessors used in PCs today. There are other players in the

game as well, to a lesser extent. IBM®, Motorola®, Transmeta®, VIA

Technologies®, and others also make and sell microprocessors. The vast

majority of PCs, however, use chips made by Intel and AMD. The bulk ofcomputing power is performed by the main microprocessor, so it has a major

effect on the overall speed and efficiency of the PC. Commonly used indirect

gauges of microprocessor power are theclock speed(in cycles per second) and

thedata bus width(number of bits transferred at once along conductors) of the

processor. Figure 1.4 shows a microprocessor.

FIGURE 1.4 A typical PC microprocessor.

Processor Speed

The speed at which microprocessors operate is measured in repetitions of a

regulating signal, called the clock signal, per second. The clock signal

synchronizes operations in the PC. The unit used for repetitions per second is

the Hertz (Hz). Microprocessors today operate at millions or billions of

repetitions per second. The units used to express these speeds are in a metric

form. Millions of repetitions per second is commonly represented asMHz

(megahertz) and billions of repetitions per second is commonly represented by

GHz(gigahertz).

Processor Width

Microprocessors are built to operate on, or handle a certain number of digital

bits at once. This is called the nativeword sizeof the microprocessor. Special

circuits inside the microprocessor called registersstore, manipulate, and

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transfer the data and instructions represented by these bits. The registers that

are used to do most of the manipulation of digital numbers are called

accumulatorregisters. The word size of a microprocessor usually relates directly

to the size of the processor’s registers. In general, a microprocessor that can

handle a larger word size (more data bits) is more capable than one that canhandle a smaller word size. But in reality, many factors contribute to the overall

processing speed. Microprocessors are therefore referred to as being an “8-bit

chip,” a “16-bit chip,” a “32-bit chip,” a “64-bit chip,” and so on, based on the

chip’s native word (and major registers) size.

1.5 The Chipset

The so-calledchipsetusually consists of one or moreVLSI integrated circuits(Very Large Scale ICs), which support the main microprocessor. The main

microprocessor is what is called a general-purpose processor. The chipset

integrated circuits are usually processors designed to do very specific and

limited jobs. Typical jobs handled by the chipset include interfacing all the

drives and memory with the main microprocessor, and handling

communications with the main memory without forcing the memory contents

to pass through the main processor. This last process is calledDMA(Direct

Memory Access) and greatly speeds overall processing, since it frees the main

microprocessor from having to do this job. Interfacing with the keyboard andperforming most timing functions are other jobs performed by the chipset.

Chipsets are the bridge between the native microprocessor bus (also called the

local bus) and other external busses such as the ISA, PCI, AGP, memory, SCSI

bus, and so on. These busses in turn connect to the actual peripherals. Some

modern

chipsets include sound and video; all these functions previously required the

installation of dedicated expansion cards. Figure 1.5 shows a typical chipset.

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FIGURE 1.5 A motherboard chipset.

1.6 Memory

Memory is the temporary storage area in the PC. There are two main types of

memory,RAM andROM. These terms are commonly misunderstood, so they

should be examined in more detail. When asked, most beginning studentstaking PC courses will describe their view of RAM as just “random access

memory.” While true, this simple answer is not complete.Random access

means being able to access any particular memory location just as easily

(quickly) as any other, nothing more, nothing less. But what operations can be

performed once a given memory address (location) is found? The contents can

be both examined and copied (known as areadoperation), and the contents

can be changed (called awriteoperation). Memory able to allow both these

operations is called Read/Write

(R/W) memory. So the term RAM, as applied to the type of RAM used in a PC,

usually refers to random access, read/write memory. In addition, this type of

memory will lose its contents if power is lost, so it is also known asvolatile

memory.

NVRAM stands fornonvolatile memory, a type that will not lose its contents

when power is removed from the chip. It is used to hold firmware —software

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held in hardware—that is always needed by the PC for booting and other jobs

such as input/output (I/O) routines. A common physical form for this type

memory is a chip called an EEPROM chip, which stands forElectrically

Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. PCs use EEPROMs to hold both the

system setup information, commonly called theCMOSsetup information, as well as the BIOS code. BIOS is the Basic Input/Output System. It is software

stored in the EEPROM.

The second type of memory is called ROM. Again, most students taking PC

courses, when asked, will state thatROMstands for Read-Only Memory, which

is again, a correct, but incomplete definition.Read-onlymeans once a memory

address is accessed; the memory contents of that location can be examined,

but not changed, hence the term read-only. But what about the ease (speed)

involved with going to a given ROM address? It turns out that ROM is alsorandom access. So ROM is really random access, read-only memory. The

author was always surprised at these acronyms for memory types. RAM stands

for how easy a given location can be accessed, but does not describe the

operations possible once the location is accessed. ROM, on the other hand,

describes what operation can be performed (read-only) once an address is

accessed, but not the access speed relative to any other ROM memory address.

It can be rather confusing. Figure 1.6 shows some typical RAM modules.

FIGURE 1.6RAM modules.

1.7 Drives

A typical PC has one or more hard disk drives (hard drives) as well as at least

one optical drive. These drives are used for storage of programs and data.

Optical drives include CD-R, CD-RW, DVD, and combinations of CD-RW and

DVD. Current CD formats can hold approximately 700 MB per disk. Newer DVD

drives can also write as well as play DVDs. DVD capacity is around 4.7 GB with

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newer, higher capacity drives on the horizon. Most new PCs include a single 3½

inch, 1.44 MB floppy drive as well. Figure 1.7 shows a selection of hard drives.

Figure 1.8 shows some optical drives.

FIGURE 1.7Examples of hard drives.

FIGURE 1.7Some optical drives.

1.8 PERIPHERALS

Peripherals include all the things that plug into a PC, such as mice, keyboards,

printers, plotters, modems, hubs, switches, routers, video displays, joysticks,

and so on. All of these are electronic devices as well. Many have their own

power supplies. Some draw power from the PC, so a PC technician needs to

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understand how they operate. Figure 1.8 shows a keyboard, mouse, and

joystick.

FIGURE 1.8Keyboard, mouse, and joystick.

PC HAND TOOLS

The most commonly used PC repair tools can be found prepackaged in any

good electronics or computer store. Many experienced PC techs prefer to add

some tools to the basic kits, however. The following tool lists will aid in

assembling your own set of PC troubleshooting tools.

Basic Tools

These 11 are the basic tools every system builder needs to build and

repair PCs.

1.Screwdrivers: These are your most essential

system-building tools. Have several screwdrivers

on hand, or at least have one with

interchangeable bits and a comfortable handle. Iprefer drivers with long shafts, which allow me to

keep my big hands out of small places. Most of

the screws encountered in system building are

Phillips head screws (with slots in the shape of a

cross), so you'll certainly need a driver with the

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appropriate bit. But I also find that small, flat-blade screwdrivers come in

handy, too.

2.Needle-Nose Pliers: These are useful for grasping

small items and for removing and replacing jumperson circuit boards. I like to have two pairs on the job:

one very long, the other short and sturdy. Use the

long pliers for getting into tight spots where your hand won't reach. Use the

short pliers for holding and adjusting parts.

3.Wire Cutters: Use these diagonal cutters, or wire

snips, for cutting wire, trimming nylon ties and

stripping insulation. Buy a good-quality pair that is

small and can fit into tight spots.

4.Small Flashlight: Even in a well-lit area, some additional

light is extremely useful when you're working inside a PC

box. There are lots of very small things you'll need to see,

such as the "pin 1" marking on a connector. Don't rely on

ambient light, especially if you have middle-age

farsightedness.

5.Magnifying Glass: Use this to make small printing

appear bigger, especially the small, cryptic and

sometimes flawed printing on components.

Occasionally, you'll also want to take a very close look

at parts and contacts. (Further down in this list,

you'll find that a jeweler's loupe can be an even better

tool to have on hand during some jobs.)

6.Long Tweezers: Use these to retrieve screws that have dropped

into the box. Another tool similar to tweezers is a part

retriever; it has a tiny set of retractable claws and a spring-loaded handle.

7.Compressed Air or Vacuum: Canned air can be good for

cleaning a PC's inner workings, but a small vacuum is

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actually better. It traps the dust and sucks it out, rather than merely

blowing it around.

8.Parts Tray: This is a place to keep all the loose

hardware you're working with, so it doesn't get

scattered over the bench. Your tray could be as simple

as a small plastic box. Or it can be a more elaborate

metal magnetic sheet. Either way, a parts tray will

help you enormously. In addition to a stocked parts

box, I have an old change drawer on my bench that

makes it easy for me to store the screws I use most often for assembly or

pluck out the ones I need for quick reassembly on repairs.

9.Electrostatic Discharge Wrist Strap: I know a lot of

builders who don't bother with this anymore and

who've instead become mindful to touch a chassis

before working on it. But an inexpensive device

worn on the wrist can reduce the electrostatic

potential between your body and whatever part

you're working on. It's certainly easy to have one

around in case you want to absolutely sure static

doesn't damage a system's components. I especially

recommend using a wrist strap when working with expensive data-

acquisition, communications and other specialty cards.

10.Cable Ties: The use of simple plastic ties can make

all the difference between a jumbled mess and a

professional-looking build. Either organizing the

cables into bundles or routing them through

specific paths can have three major benefits. First,

it will make it much easier to work inside of thecase. Second, it can actually aid in the airflow

inside of the computer. Finally, organized bundles of cables or wires simply

makes a build look better.

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11.Pencil and Paper: Such a common household item doesn't initially sound

like it would be important, but having a way to record settings and options

can prevent a lot of errors during configuration. Consider keeping a

notebook with your information, contacts and system specifics for each

build. My guess is you'll be surprised at how often you reference it.

The 15 Maintenance Tools

While these items are used less frequently than the 11 above, they are certainly

handy to have along on a job, especially when you have

more than one machine to maintain.

1.Nut Drivers: A set of nut drivers is good to have, butif you just want to buy to, 3/16-inch and 1/4-inch

are the sizes most commonly used on PCs. These

hexagonal nuts are used as mounting hardware for motherboards and

serial and parallel ports. Without the 3/16-inch driver, you'll be attaching

port connectors using a pair of poor-fitting pliers.

2.Box of Extra Screws: This is a good way to keep your

hardware organized. The box should contain the

following:

3.Hemostats: It may sound odd, but on my bench I have some

long hemostats, a kind of pliers used by surgeons to clamp

off bleeding arteries. I find them extremely handy for holding

wires or screws in tight places. A hemostat is especially

useful as a kind of "third hand" when you need to solder or

align parts before assembly.

4.Soldering Iron: Even if you won't be repairing circuit boards, a soldering iron can be handy for extending or

repairing wires and other repair work. Also buy the

appropriate solder for doing electrical work; be

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careful, as there are other kinds. You may also find extra wire, black

electrical tape and shrink wrap useful on occasion.

5.Air Compressor: If you regularly need to

dislodge layers of dust, a small compressor is just the ticket. This device can pay for itself very

quickly.

6.Isopropyl Alcohol (99 percent) : This is a high-quality rubbing

alcohol that can be found in most drugstores. It does an excellent

job of removing thermal compounds without leaving a residue that

could impact future compounds. It is useful for cleaning CPU and

heat sinks, as well as for cleaning contacts and other parts. But

alcohol can dissolve plastic parts, so be careful

where you use it.

7.Plastic Storage Bags: Use these to store all those

loose parts after the computer is finished. Bags are

also useful for spreading thermal compounds. Since

thermal compounds can be contaminated by the oil

on your skin, try spreading the compound with your

hand inside a new, clean plastic bag.

8.Spare Parts: Expansion-card inserts, drive faceplates, hardware from

mounting kits, as well as cables for power, IDEs, floppies and CD-ROMs are

all handy to have around for troubleshooting on the job. An extra power

supply, keyboard, mouse and some CD-ROMs and floppy drives are also

essential to have on hand.

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9.Dental Mirror: This is very valuable, especially after you've already

assembled you PC. This will allow you to look around inside the PC without

tearing it all apart again.

10.Jeweler's Loupe: Inexpensive versions of this jeweler's tool

are available to magnify small parts. They're handy for

spotting physical damage on circuit boards, marginal

solder joints and part numbers.

11.Bench Light with Magnifier: If you do a lot of repair work,

this will simplify your job.

12.Precision Screwdriver Set: If you do any work on laptops

or need to clean, repair or adjust drives, you'll find that

the smaller precision-style tools are a must.

13.Crimper and Assorted Ends: The look of many a build has

been trashed by someone trying to crimp a connector on

with a pair of pliers rather than with the right tool.Crimpers give a solid connection and a professional look.

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14.Volt/Ohm Meter: This piece of test equipment can be handy for testing

voltages, polarity and continuity. It needn't be expensive. Also, having

alligator clips available to clip to leads can aid you on repair jobs.

15.Cleaning Tools: Wipes, brushes and cleaning supplies

that won't damage cases, plastic parts and display

screens all go a long way to give your finished product

an attractive look-and-feel.

SELF- CHECK 1.1-1

Direction: Write the letter of the best answer on the blank before each

number.

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______ 6. Millions of cycles per second is known as . . .a.kilohertz

b.megahertz

c.gigahertz

d.millihertz

e.none of the above

______ 7. The type of RAM used in a PC is . . .

a.random access

b.read-onlyc.read/write

d. both a and c

e.none of the above

______ 8. What component that temporarily stores data when the computer is

running?

a.Hard disk c. Memory

b.CPU d. Mother board

______ 9. VLSI stands for . . .

a.a type of BIOS chip

b.the PC’s clock signal

c.a Very Large-Scale Integrated circuit

d.all of the above

e.a new standard of I/O

______ 10.What component that accepts AC current and switch to DC current?

a.System unit c. Chipset

b.Microprocessor d. Power Supply

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ANSWER KEY 1.1-1

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. C

5. B

6. B

7. A

8. C

9. C

10.D

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Identifying the Components of Motherboard


able toidentify the different components of the

motherboard and their function.

The spine of the computer is the motherboard, otherwise known as the

system board (and less commonly referred to as the planar board). This is the

olive green or brown circuit board that lines the bottom of the computer. It is

the most important component in the computer because it connects all the

other components of a PC together. Figure 1.1 shows a typical PC system board,

as seen from above. All other components are attached on this sheet. On the

system board, you will find the central processing unit (CPU), underlying

circuitry, expansion slots, video components, random access memory (RAM)

slots, and a variety of other chips.

4 Types of Mother Boards

1. XT Motherboards

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XT Stands for eXtended Technology. These are all old model motherboard. In

this motherboards, we find old model processor socket LIF (Low Insertion Force)

sockets, ram slots Dimms and ISA (Industry Standards Architecture) slots,

12pin Power Connector and no ports.

They have slot type processors, Dimms memory modules, ISA slots for add-on

card, and no ports. There are connectors and add-on cards for ports.

Eg: Pentium-I, Pentium-MMX, Pentium -II and Pentium-II Processors.

2. AT Motherboards:

AT stands for Advanced Technology. Advanced Technology Motherboards have PGA (Pin Grid

Array) Socket, SD Ram slots, 20pin power

connector PCI slots and ISA slots. we find the

above components on AT motherboards.

Eg: Pentium-III Processors

3. Baby AT Motherboards:

Baby AT Motherboards have the combination of XT

and AT. They have both slot type processor sockets

and PGA processor sockets, SD Ram slots and

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DDR Ram slots, PCI slots and ISA slots, 12 Pin power connector and 20Pin

power connector and Ports.

Eg: Pentium-III and Pentium-IV

4. ATX Motherboards:

ATX stands for Advanced Technology eXtended.

latest motherboards all are called as ATX

motherboards. designed by ATX form factor. In

this motherboards, we find MPGA Processor

Sockets, DDR Ram slots, PCI slots, AGP slots,

Primary and secondary IDE interfaces, SATA

connectors, 20pin and 24 pin ATX power

connector and Ports.

Eg: Pentium-IV, Dual Core, Core 2 Duo, Quad Core, i3, i5 and i7 Processors.

System Board Components

Now that you understand the basic types of motherboards and their form

factors, it’s time to look at the components found on the motherboard and their

locations relative to each other.

Figure 1.1illustrates many of the following components found on a typical

motherboard:

A large circuit board allows motherboard manufacturers to pack on as manyfeatures as possible, yielding a bevy of associated components to consider:

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Figure 1.1 Motherboard components

Motherboard Components and their function

1.Back Panel Connectors & Ports -Connectors and ports for connecting

the computer to external devices such as display ports, audio ports, USB

ports, Ethernet ports, PS/2 ports etc. See image below for a close-up view.

2.PCI Slots (PCI: Peripheral Component Interconnect) -Slot for older

expansion cards such as sound cards, network cards, connector cards.

3.PCI Express x1 Slots -Slot for modern expansion cards such as sound

cards, network cards (Wi-Fi, Ethernet, Bluetooth), connector cards (USB,

FireWire, eSATA) and certain low-end graphics cardPCI

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4.Express x16 Slot -Slot for discrete graphic cards and high bandwidth

devices such as top-end solid state drives.

5.Northbridge (Also known as Memory Controller Hub - MCH) -Chipset

that allows the CPU to communicate with the RAM and graphics card.

6.CPU Socket -Insert CPU here.

7. ATX 12V Power Connector -Connects to the 4-pin power cable of a

power supply unit which supplies power to the CPU.

8.Front Panel USB 2.0 Connectors -Connects to USB 2.0 ports at the

front or top of a computer case.

9.Front Panel Connectors -Connects to the power switch, reset switch,

power LED, hard drive LED and front audio ports of a computer case.

10.IDE Connector -Connects to older hard drive disks and optical drives

for data transfer.

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11.CMOS Battery -Supplies power to store BIOS settings and keep the real-

time clock running. The CMOS battery found on most motherboards is

the CR2032 lithium coin cell.

12.Southbridge - Also known as the Input/Output Controller Hub (ICH).Chipset that allows the CPU to communicate with PCI slots, PCI-Express

x 1 slots (expansion cards), SATA connectors (hard drives, optical drives),

USB ports (USB devices), Ethernet ports and on-board audio.

13.SATA Connectors -Connects to modern hard disk drives, solid state

drives and optical drives for data transfer.

14.Fan Headers -Supplies power to the CPU heat sink fan and computer

case fans.

15.RAM Slots -Insert RAM here.

16. ATX Power Connector -Connects to the 24-pin ATX power cable of a

power supply unit which supplies power to the motherboard.

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17.mSATA Connector - Connects to a mSATA solid state drive. In most

cases, this SSD is used as cache to speed up hard disk drives, but it's

possible to re-purpose it as a regular hard drive.

18.Front Panel USB 3.0 Connector -Connects to USB 3.0 ports at thefront or top of the computer case.

19.Power & Reset Button -Onboard button to turn on, turn off and reboot

the computer.

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SELF- CHECK 1.1-2

Direction:Provide the correct answer.

______________1. What is the voltage value of ATX Connector?

______________2. What do you mean by PC?

______________3. How may pin connector does the ATX 12V has?

______________4. What do you mean by ATX?

______________5. What do you mean by NLX?

______________6. What do you mean by BTX?

______________7. It is a board that can be easily identified because each

expansion slot is usually occupied by one of these

components.

______________8. It is called as the spine of the computer?

______________9. It is a system board that the processor and memory slots at

right angles to the expansion cards.

______________10.What do you mean by RAM?

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ANSWER KEY 1.1-2

1. 12 V

2. Personal Computer

3. 4 pins

4. Advance Technology Extended

5. New Low Profile Extended

6. Balanced Technology Extended

7. Mother Board

8. Mother Board

9. ATH Mother Board

10.Random Access Memory

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Safety Information


able to know and observe about safety practices.

Electrical safety

• To prevent electric shock hazard, disconnect the power cable from the

electric outlet before relocating the system.

• When adding or removing devices to or from the system, ensure that the

power cable for the devices are unplugged before the signal cables are

connected. If possible, disconnect all power cable from the existing

system before you add a device.

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• Before connecting or removing signal cables from the motherboard,

ensure that all power cables are unplugged.

•Seek professional assistance before using an adapter or extension cord. These devices could interrupt the grounding circuit.

• Ensure that your power supply is set to the correct voltage in your area.

If you are not sure about the voltage of the electrical outlet you are using,

contact your local power company.

• If the power supply is broken, do not try to fix it by yourself. Contact a

qualified service technician or your retailer.

Operational safety

• Before installing the motherboard and adding devices on it, carefully read

the manuals that came with the package.

• Before using the product, ensure that all cables are correctly connected

and the power cables are not damage. If you detect any damage, contact

your dealer immediately.

• To avoid short circuit, keep paper clips, screws, and staples away from

the connector, slots, sockets and circuitry.

• Avoid dust, humidity, and temperature extremes. Do not place the

product in any area where it may become wet.

• Place the product on a stable surface.

If you encounter technical problems with the product, contact a qualified

service technician or your retailer.

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Installing the Motherboard


able to know how to install motherboard to the system

unit.

Safety precautions

• Follow these safety precautions when installing the motherboard.

• Wear a grounding strap attached to a grounded device to avoid damage

from static electricity.

• Discharge static electricity by touching the metal case of a safety

grounded object before working on the motherboard.

• Leave components in the static- proof bags they came in.

• Hold all circuit boards by the edges. Do not bend circuit board.

Choosing a computer case

There are many types of computer cases on the market. The motherboard

complies with the specification for the Micro ATX system case. First, some

features on the motherboard are implemented by cabling connectors on the

motherboard to indicators and switches on the system case. Make sure that

your case supports all the features required. Secondly, this motherboard

supports two enhanced IDE drives. Make sure that your case has sufficient

power and space for all drives that you intend to install.

Most cases have a choice of I/O templates in the rear panel. Make sure

that the I/O template in the case matches the I/O ports installed on the rear

edge of the motherboard.

This motherboard carries a Micro ATX form factor of 225 X 170 mm.

Choose a case that accommodates this form factor.

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Installing the Motherboard in a Case

Refer to the following illustration and instruction for installing the motherboard

in a case.

Most system cases have mounting brackets installed in the case, which

correspond the holes in the motherboard. Place the motherboard over the

mounting brackets and secure the motherboard onto the mounting brackets

with screws.

Ensure that your case has an I/O template that supports the I/O ports and

expansion slots on your motherboard.

1.I/O ports differ with motherboards.

Use and install the rear I/O shield that

comes with the motherboard package

only.

Some sharp edges and points might

cause physical en. We recommend

you put on cut or puncture resistant

gloves before motherboard and I/O

shield installation.

2.Install the standoffs to the matched

screw holes on the metal plate.

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3.The I/O shield edge springs may

damage the I/O ports. Be cautious

when installing the I/O shield.

4.Position the I/O side of the

motherboard toward the rear of the

chassis and place the motherboard

into the chassis.

5.Insert and loosely tighten each screw

in a diagonal sequence first. After allthe screws have been inserted, drive

the screws until they are finger-tight.

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You may remove the metal slot covers for the expansion card at the

back of the chassis before installing the motherboard. For some

chassis models, it might be difficult to remove the expansion slot coverafter the installation.

DO NOT over–tighten the screws. Doing so may damage the

motherboard


Installing the Power Supply Unit/ Connecting the Atx Power

Learning Objective: After reading this Information Sheet, you must be able to

install the power supply unit/connecting the Atx power

There are two kinds of commonly-used power supply units. One is with active

Power Factor Correction (PFC) and the other with passive PFC.

1.Select a power.

Power supply with active PFC:

Active PFC automatically corrects the

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AC input voltage.

Power supply with passive PFC:

Passive PFC requires user to manually

adjust the AC input voltage.

2.If you are using a power supply with

passive PFC, adjust to the correct AC

input voltage in your area.

Failure to adjust the power supply to the correct AC input

voltage will seriously damage the system.

Use power supply units with safety certification only. Using unstable power

supply units can damage your motherboard and other components. Refer to the

user guide for power supply units that meet the motherboard requirements.

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Power Connectors

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Installing the CPU


install the CPU

Central Processing Unit

The motherboard comes with a surface mount socket designed for the Intel

Core TM2 Extreme / Core

TM2 Quad / Core

TM2 Duo / Pentium dual-core /

Celeron dual-core / Celeron processors.

• Upon purchase of the motherboard, ensure that PnP cap is on the socket

and the socket contacts are not bent. Contact your retailer immediately if

the PnP cap is missing, or if you see any damage to the PnP cap/socket

contacts/motherboard components. The manufacturer will shoulder the

cost of repair only if damage is shipment/transit-related.

• The product warranty does not cover damage to the socket contacts

resulting from incorrect CPU installation / removal, or misplacement /

incorrect removal of the PnP cap .

To install the CPU:

1.Locate the CPU socket on the mother

board.

Before installing the CPU, ensure

that the cam box is facing towards

you and the load lever is on your left.

2.Press the load lever with your thumb

(A), then move it to the left (B) until it

is released from the retention tab.

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To prevent damage to the CPU socket

pins, do not remove the PnP cap

unless you are installing a CPU.

3.Lift the load lever in the direction of

the arrow to a 135 angle.

4.Lift the load plate with your thumb

and forefinger to a 100 angle (4A),then push the PnP cap from the load

plate window to remove (4B).

5.Position the CPU over the Socket,

ensuring that the gold triangle is on

the bottom-left corner of the socket

then fit the socket alignment key into

the CPU notch.

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6.Apply some thermal Interface

Material to the exposed area of the

CPU that the heat sink will be in

contact with, ensuring that it isspread in an even thin layer.

Some heatsinks come with pre-

applied thermal paste. If so, skip

this step

DO NOT eats the thermal Interface

Material. If it gets into your eyes or

touches your skin, ensure that you wash it off immediately, and seek

professional medical help.

To prevent contaminating the paste,

DO NOT spread the paste with your

finger directly.

7.Close the load plate (A), then push

the load lever (B) until it snaps into

the retention tab.

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Installing a Dimm


install a dimm

Memory Configurations

You may install 521MB, 1GB, 2GB and 4GB into the Dual Inline Memory

Module (DIMM) sockets.

• You may install varying memory sizes in Channel A and Channel B. Thesystem Maps the total size of the lower-sized channel for the dual-

channel configuration. Any excess memory from the higher-sized channel

is then mapped for single-channel operation.

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• Always install DIMMs with the same CAS latency. For optimum

compatibility, it is recommended that you obtain memory modules from

the same vendor.

• Due to the memory address limitation on 32-bit Windows OS, when you

install 4GB or more memory on the motherboard, the actual usablememory for the OS can be about 3GB or less. For effective use of

memory, we recommend that you do any of the following:

- Use a maximum of 3GB system memory if you are using a 32-bit

Windows OS.

- Install a 64bit Windows OS when you want to install 4GB or more

memory the motherboard.

• The motherboard does not support DIMMs made up of 256 megabits (Mb)

chips or less.

Installing a DIMM

Ensure to unplug the power supply before adding or removing DIMMs or other

system components. Failure to do so may cause severe damage to both the

motherboard and the components.

Installing a DIMM on a double Clip DIMM socket

1.Unlock a DIMM socket by pressing theretaining clips outward.

2.Align a DIMM on the socket such that

the notch on the DIMM matches the

DIMM slot key on the socket.

ADIMM is keyed with a notch so that it

fits only one direction. DO NOT force a

DIMM into a socket in the wrong

direction to avoid damaging the DIMM.

3.Hold the DIMM by both of its ends,

then insert the DIMM vertically into

the socket. Apply force to both ends of

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the DIMM simultaneously until the

retaining clips snap back into place,

and the DIMM cannot be pushed in

any further to ensure proper sitting of

the DIMM.

Always insert the DIMM into the socket vertically to prevent DIMM notch

damage.

• To install two or more DIMMs, refer to the user guide bundled in the

motherboard package.

• Refer to the user guide for qualified vendor lists of the memory

modules.

Removing a DIMM from a double clip DIMM socket

1.Simultaneously press the retaining clip

outward to unlock the DIMM.

2.Remove the DIMM from the socket.

Support the DIMM lightly with your fingers when pressing the retaining

clips.

The DIMM might get damage when it flips out with extra force.INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-8

Installing the Disk Drive (Pata / Sata)


install the disk drive (Pata/Sata)

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Parallel Advance Technology Attachment (PATA) - Optical Disk Drive

1.Remove the dummy cover and slide

the optical disk drive into the bay.

2.Align with the screw holes and secure

the disk drive with screws.

3.Orient and plug the IDE cable into the

optical drive. The red stripe on the IDE

cable is the pin 1end and should

match the dimple marking pin 1 on

the optical drive.

IDE cables are dummy-proof. Never

force the IDE cable into the connector.

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4.Connect the 4-pin cable to the optical

drive.

5.Attach the audio cable to the

connector on the optical drive.

Serial Advance Technology Attachment (SATA) - Optical Disk Drive

1.Remove the dummy cover and slide

the optical disk drive into the bay.

2.Align with the screw holes and secure

the disk drive with screws.

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3.Orient and plug the SATA cable into

the optical drive. SATA cables are

dummy- proof. Never force the SATAcable into the connector.

4.Connect the SATA power cable to the

optical drive.

5.Attach the audio cable to the

connector on the optical drive.

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Installing Hard Disk Drive (Pata / Sata)

Learning Objective: After reading this Information Sheet, you must be able toinstall hard disk drive (Pata/Sata)

PATA Hard Disk Drive

1.Insert the PATA hard disk drive

into the bay.

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2.Align with the screw holes and

secure the disk drive with screws.

3.Orient and connect the signal to

the hard disk drive. The red stripe

on the cable is the pin 1end and

should match the dummy proof

notch and do not force the cable

into the connector.

4.Connect the 4-pin power cable to

the connector at the back of the

hard disk drive.

5.Attach the other end of the signal

cable to the corresponding slots on

the motherboard.

Notes for installing PATA hard disk drive

• If your operating system is

installed to the hard disk drive

controlled by the RAID or other

controllers, you have to install the

controller driver to the hard disk

first.

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• The cables are designed with pull

tabs. Just easily install the disk

drives based on the cable labels.

To prevent damaging the pins, pull

the cable tabs to disconnect the

cable.

• There are two cables for ATA IDE

disk drives, the newer 80-wire

(right) and the older 40-wire (left)

cables. For ATA66/100/133 disk

drives, only the 80-wire cable can

offer a better performance. The 40-

wire cables are usually for the

optical drives.

• The cable connector is color-coded.

The blue one is for the host

connector, and the black/gray one

is for the primary/secondary diskdrive.

• When connecting two IDE devices,

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you have to set the jumpers to

different position, one in master

and one in slave. If you are using

an 80-wire cable, you can use the

cable select style.

SATA Hard Disk Drive

1.Insert the SATA hard disk drive into

the bay.

2.Align with the screw holes and

secure the disk drive with screws.

3.Orient and connect the SATA cable

to the hard disk drive. This cable

can only fit in one direction.

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4.Connect the SATA power cable to

the connector at the back of the

hard disk drive.

Notes for installing SATA hard disk drive

•Serial ATA (SATA) interface provides

higher data transmission speed, and

better voltage tolerance. the narrow

design of the SATA cables Also solves

cabling issues and allows better

airflow in the chassis.

• The SATA power cable connector is

different from the traditional 4-pin

power connector. ASUS motherboard

bundles power adapter cables for

you in case your power supply unit

does not include this new connector.

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Front Panel Cables

Learning Objective: After reading this Information Sheet, you must be to

connect front panel cables

To connect the front panel cables:

• Reset(Reset Switch)

• Pled (Power LED)

• PWRSW (Power Switch)

• IDE_LED (IDE Hard Disk Active LED)

• SPEAKER(Speaker connector)

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• The front panel cables of your chassis may differ with models or

designs. Connect these connectors to the motherboard according tothe label.

• If the LEDs do not light up and the pin location is correct, you might

have mistaken the ground pins with the signal pins. Usually the white

have wire stands for the ground pins and the color-coded wire for the

signal pins.

• The SPEAKER, RESET and PWRSW front panel cables have no specific

orientation, while IDE_LED and PLED cables do. Connect the cable

PIN1 to the connector PIN1 on the motherboard.

•

The front panel connector varies with you motherboard model, refer tothe user guide for more information.

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Peripheral Devices and Accessories


connect peripheral devices and accessories

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Installing and

Configuring

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Refer to the figure for connecting the peripheral devices and accessories.

LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY

Learning Outcome 2 Prepare Installer

CONTENTS:

1.Preparing your System for Installation

2.Different types of Microsoft Windows Operating System

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1.Portable bootable devices are created in accordance with software

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manufacturer instruction

2.Customized installers are prepared in accordance with software

utilization guide and end user agreement.

3.Installation of portable applications are carried out in accordance

with software user guide and software license

CONDITIONS:

The student/trainees must be provided with the following:

1.Manuals / Training resources and activities on but not limited to:

a.Printer

b.Scannerc.Interface Cards

• TV Tuner

• Video Card

• Sound Card

d.Productivity tools

e.Utilities

• Anti-virus

• Virtualization software

•

Disk management software• Optical disk burning tool

f.Games

g.Operating System Manuals

h.OHP Projector

i.Computer

METHODOLOGIES:

1.Lecture

2.Discussion

3.Viewing Multimedia

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

• Written examination

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• Practical examination

LEARNING EXPERIENCES

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Learning Outcome 2: Prepare Installer


Preparing Your System for Installation

Learning Objective: After reading this Information Sheet, you must be able toprepare your system for installation

What is System Requirements?

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Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read Information Sheet 1.2-1 on

Preparing Your System for Installation

Assess/Evaluate according to

performance checklist

Read Information Sheet 1.2-2 on

Different Types of Microsft Windows

O.S.

Assess/Evaluate according to

performance checklist


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Thehardware andsoftware components of acomputer system that is required

toinstall and use software efficiently. The software manufacturer will list the

system requirements on the software package. If your computer system does

not meet the system requirements then the software may not work correctly

after installation. System requirements for operating systems will be hardwarecomponents, while other application software will list both hardware

andoperating system requirements. System requirements are most commonly

seen listed asminimum andrecommended requirements. The minimum system

requirements need to be met for the software to run at all on your system, and

the recommended system requirements, if met, will offer better software

usability.

Compare the system requirements for the application to the system specs of

your machine. Follow the steps below to check the system specs for your

machine:

Windows XP/ Windows Server 2003

1. Right click on "My Computer," and select "Properties."

2. Navigate to the "General" tab if not already there.

The minimum hardware requirements for Windows XP / Windows Server are:

•

Pentium 233-megahertz (MHz) processor or faster (300 MHz isrecommended)

• At least 64 megabytes (MB) of RAM (128 MB is recommended)

• At least 1.5 gigabytes (GB) of available space on the hard disk

• CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive

• Keyboard and a Microsoft Mouse or some other compatible pointing

device

• Video adapter and monitor with Super VGA (800 x 600)or higher

resolution

• Sound card

• Speakers or headphones

Windows Vista/ Windows Server 2008/Windows 7

1. Right click on "Computer," and select "Properties."

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If you want to run Windows Vista or 7 on your PC, here's what it takes:

• 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster 32-bit (x86) or64-bit (x64) processor

• 1 gigabyte (GB) RAM (32-bit) or 2 GB RAM (64-bit)

• 16 GB available hard disk space (32-bit) or 20 GB (64-bit)• DirectX 9 graphics device with WDDM 1.0 or higher driver

Windows 8

1. Click Desktop tile on Start screen

2. Click File Explorer icon

3. Right click on "Computer" and select "Properties."

Windows 8: system requirements are:

• Processor1GHz or faster

• RAM 1GB (32bit) or 2GB (64bit)

• Hard disk space 16GB (32bit) or 20GB (64bit)

• Graphics card Microsoft DirectX 9 graphics device or higher

Windows 8: additional requirements

• To use touch A tablet or a monitor that supports multi-touch

• To access the Windows Store and to download and run apps An

active internet connection and a screen resolution of at least 1024 x 768

pixels

• To snap apps A display with a resolution of at least 1366 x 768 pixels

Mac OS X Client/Server:

1. Click on the Apple menu.

2. Select "About this Mac."

System requirements for OS X Lion and Mac OS X v10.6

OS X Lion system requirements:

To use Lion, make sure your computer has the following:

• An Intel Core 2 Duo, Core i3, Core i5, Core i7, or Xeonprocessor

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• Mac OS X v10.6.6 or later to install via the Mac App Store (v10.6.8

recommended)

• 7 GB of available disk space

• 2 GB of RAM

If your Mac does not meet these requirements, you will need to upgrade your

Mac before installing Lion.

Mac OS X v10.6 Snow Leopard system requirements

To install Snow Leopard for the first time, you must have a Mac with:

• An Intel processor

•

An internal or external DVD drive, or DVD or CD Sharing• At least 1 GB of RAM (additional RAM is recommended)

• A built-in display or a display connected to an Apple-supplied video card

supported by your computer

• At least 5 GB of disk space available, or 7 GB of disk space if you install

the developer tools

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Different Types of Microsoft Windows Operating System

Learning Objective: After reading this Information Sheet, you will be familiar

with the different types of Microsoft windows operating

system

Computer users have differing needs. While a typical business needs to manage

network permissions and give many users simultaneous access to shared

resources, a home user may simply use his computer to check email and play

an occasional game. Microsoft markets several versions of Windows to serve the

needs of these markets. Each edition has a different price point and feature set

from the others.

Often abbreviated asXP, Microsoft Windows

XP wascode named Whistler and is short

for Windows eXPerience. Windows XP is

anoperating system that was first released

on October 25,2001 and designed to bridge

the gap between Windows 9x/ME and

Windows NT/2000 users and is an available

upgrade for Windows 98, ME, and 2000

users. The two primary versions of Windows

XP are Windows XP Home Edition and Windows XP Professional.

Windows XP is also available in Windows XP N, also known as Windows XP

Home Edition N, which is a version of Windows XP released by Microsoft as

part of an agreement with the Europe's competition commissioner. In Microsoft

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Windows XP N, users have the ability to choose their media player and

download and install it on their computer.

Released to the public on January30,2007, Windows Vista (box shown right) is

the successor to Windows XP in Microsoft's

Windows line ofoperating systems. With the

Vista iteration, Windows saw significant

changes both aesthetic design and available

features; with a focus on creating a more

diverse and user-friendly experience.

Windows 7 is anoperating system that

Microsoft has produced for use on personal

computers. It is the follow-up tothe Windows Vista Operating System, which

was released in 2006. An operating system

allows your computer to manage software

and perform essential tasks. It is also

aGraphical User Interface (GUI) that

allows you to visually interact with your computer’s functions in a logical, fun,

and easy way.

For example, in Windows 7 you can view two windows side by side by using

the Aero Snap feature. This feature automatically sizes—or snaps—two

windows to fit together on the screen, allowing you the convenience of viewing

them next to each other.

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