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1 Ideas for Future Research Anirudha Joshi Industrial Design Centre, IIT Bombay February 2013

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2 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering

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3 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts

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5 Source: An Installation in IDC

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8 Source: Anshuman Kumar

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Task Success /5 Users 9 Without help p (one tailed) Nokia (0.208) Samsung (0.195) Sony (0.001) Total p (one tailed) Nokia (0.000) Samsung (0.010) Sony (0.000)

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Swarachakra Logically structured (based on the structure of the script) All consonants visible Wheel with vowel modifiers pops up around the consonants 10

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Swarachakra 11

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Three Designs Disha Also completely logical Consonants displayed in groups Most frequent character in the centre, accessed on tap Other characters need a slide Finger input possible large area for each button 12

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Swarachakra 13

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Independent variables Age Mobile phone experience Education Writing skills Reading skills Confidence of mobile phone task First time usability test 19 words graded on difficulty Speed, errors, confidence Longitudinal test 10 short paragraphs typed over a period of 2 weeks in 10 sessions Speed, errors, confidence Evaluations 14

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Results Longitudinal Test: Speed 15

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Results Longitudinal Test: Errors 16

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Results Longitudinal Test: Confidence 17

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18 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education Appropriate user models for emerging economies Audio-visual interfaces Voice-based socialisation on phones

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Evaluating Anonymous Social Networking for HIV Patients with Social Prototypes 19

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20 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education Appropriate user models for emerging economies Audio-visual interfaces Voice-based socialisation on phones Way-finding and navigation

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Way-finding Through Audio-Visual Interfaces Can landmark-based navigation work for users with lower levels of education? Two Audio-Visual Interfaces Traditional map-based navigation with voice support Landmark-based navigation with voice and picture support 21

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22 Traditional Map-based Navigation 22

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23 Landmark-based Navigation

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Results India HCI 2012 24 Traditional Map-based Navigation Landmark-based Navigation No. of users10 No. of users reached79 Avg. success score20.829.8 Avg. time taken18.5 minutes19.7 minutes Avg. error1.88 per route0.88 per route SUS score78.7581.00

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25 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education Appropriate user models for emerging economies Audio-visual interfaces Voice-based socialisation on phones Way-finding and navigation Usable security

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Security Usable by Less Educated Users 26

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27 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education Appropriate user models for emerging economies Audio-visual interfaces Voice-based socialisation on phones Way-finding and navigation Usable security Teaching Indic scripts to children

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Toy for teaching Devanagari 1. Home-based Sitting-position Single/Multi player

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CONCEPT 1 29 The child places the same alphabet again ( ).

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CONCEPT 2 30 Lot of fishes come with the word .

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Toy for teaching Devanagari

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35 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education Appropriate user models for emerging economies Audio-visual interfaces Voice-based socialisation on phones Way-finding and navigation Usable security Teaching Indic scripts to children Localisation

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36 . . :

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Simplify, un-sanskritise text , Use explicit noun-verbs Call (make call) = Cool commands, metaphors are lost in translations Go (where?) = Answer = Register = Dont use English words where you dont need them Use English words where you need them Loudspeaker = . . Contacts = , Edit number = Get the grammar right (sequence matters) Principles of Good Localisation 37

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Localisation 38

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39 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education Appropriate user models for emerging economies Audio-visual interfaces Voice-based socialisation on phones Way-finding and navigation Usable security Teaching Indic scripts to children Localisation HCI+SE process integration Goals for specific contexts Industrial, commercial, social Software ethnography

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activities that contribute to Relative contribution of HCI activities to usability goals achievement validates HCI Activities Framework is compared to Index of Integration Usability Goals Setting Tool followsresults in has helps set evaluates the design against Correlation evaluates fidelity Process models integrating HCI activities with SE Waterfall Agile RUP informs integration with Contributions 1/3 important goals are not achieved 8 latent goals Validated by comparing with traditional UEs Product vs. Services Usability Goals Achievement Metric Agile vs. Waterfall

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41 human computer interaction design for Indian needs software engineering Text input in Indic scripts Design for people with less education Appropriate user models for emerging economies Audio-visual interfaces Voice-based socialisation on phones Way-finding and navigation Usable security Teaching Indic scripts to children Localisation HCI+SE process integration Goals for specific contexts Industrial, commercial, social Software ethnography