1 Intermediate report on Performance Analysis of Zigbee Wireless Personal Area Networks By, Vaddina...

1http://www.ifn.et.tu-dresden.de/tk/

Intermediate report on

Performance Analysis of Zigbee Wireless Personal

Area NetworksBy,Vaddina Prakash Rao

Under the Guidance of,Mr. Dimitri Marandin

25th August 2005


Contents

1. Introduction to Zigbee

2. Zigbee Applications

3. IEEE 802.15.4 standard

4. Zigbee Basics

5. The Simulation Tool

6. Simulation Parameters

7. Results

8. Future Work and Conclusions


1. Introduction to Zigbee A technology designed to address the needs of Low Data Rate

Applications Important Features

Very Simple Just about 14 PHY and 35 MAC Primitives

Low Data Rate 868MHz – 20Kbps (Europe) 914MHz – 40Kbps (USA) 2.4GHz – 250Kbps (World Wide)

Very Low Power Consumption 6 months – 2 years of battery use

Low Cost Avg. Module Cost: 5 – 6 Euro


2. ApplicationsHome/Building/Industrial Automation

Lighting Control

Entertainment Toys

Heating/Cooling Management Temperature Sensors

Security systems Gas Controllers Locking Systems Close Circuit Camera System Pressure sensors in critical industrial applications Interactive machines, robots


3. IEEE 802.15.4 Standard

MAC

PHY

SSCS

802.2 LLC

Upper Layers

Beacon Management,

Channel Access,

GTS allocation,

Association,

Disassociation,

Ack. Frame delivery

Activate/Deactivate Receiver,

Energy Detection,

Link Quality Indication,

Association,

Channel Frequency selection,

Data transmission and reception SSCS – Service Specific Convergence Layer

GTS – Guaranteed time slot


4. Zigbee Basics

Co-ordinator Full Function Device (FFD) Reduced Function Device (RFD) Beacon Enabled/ Non-Beacon

Enabled Modes Tracking/Non-Tracking Modes Network Topologies

Star Peer-to-Peer

FFD

PAN-Coord (FFD)

RFD


Beacon

INACTIVE

BeaconCAP CFP

SD = aBaseSuperFrameDuration x 2 SO

BI = aBaseSuperFrameDuration x 2 BO

(GTS)

BO/SO – Beacon/Superframe Order

BI – Beacon Interval

SD – Superframe Duration

4.1 Superframe Structure

CAP – Contension Access Period

CFP – Contension Free Period

GTS – Guaranteed Time Slots


4.2 Network formation

0 23

7 65

4 81

0

1(0)

2(0)3(0)

4(0)

5(0) 6(0)7(0)

8(0)

PAN Co-ord

FFD

PAN-Coord (FFD)

RFD

Legend

SCANNING

BEACON


4.3.1 Network Device to Coordinator

0 1

PAN coord Node

1. Coord: Beacon Transmission

2. Node: Synchronizes to the Super frame structure

3. Node: Waits for its turn of transmission using CSMA-CA

4. Node: On its turn, transmits data

FFD

PAN-Coord (FFD)

Legend

DATA

ACK

5. Coord: (Optional) Acknowledges the data reception

4.3 Data Transmission


4.3.2 Coordinator to a Network Device

0 1

PAN coord

1. Coord: Beacon Transmission

2. Node: Informed that co-ord has data for the Node

3. Node: Sends Data-request

4. Coord: Acknowledges the data-request command

5. Coord: Sends data

6. Node: (Optionally) Node replies with an acknowledgement

FFD

PAN-Coord (FFD)

Data Request

Legend

DATA

ACK


5. Simulation Tool: NS-2 A Discrete Event Simulator Support for simulation of wired and wireless networks Zigbee Modules designed by The City University of New York and

Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology. NAM: Graphically represent simulation scenarios

How it works ? Accepts a scenario file with TCL interface Generates the trace file (text file) Generates the Animator Trace File (text file)


5.1 Nam Snapshot


Blocks in Bold – NS Modules

Blocks not in Bold – automation programs written for this project

Autosim

Counts=max_sims;

cnts == counts

NS

cnts++

*.tcl

wpan.tcl

*.scn

wpan.scn

*.tr

Trace file

*.nam

Animator file

Analyze

nam

Performance24.txt

Performance868.txt

drops24.txt

drops868.txt

NO

YES

5.2 Process Structure


6. Simulation ParametersGeneral

Simulation Time 1000Secs

Zigbee Parameters Frequency Band 868Mhz and 915Mhz Scan Channels 0, 1 and 2 RXThresh_ 4.56e-10 W CSThresh_ 9.00741e-11 W CPThresh_ 10 Initial Energy 13000 Joules Transmission Range 1 - 100m(10m) Queue Length 150 BO, SO 3, 3


Traffic Parameters Traffic Type cbr Number of Nodes 11 Number of Coordinators 1 Node Movement None Node Position Manual Packet Size 70 bytes

Physical Parameters Propagation Model TwoRay Ground Antenna Type OmniAntenna Transmitter gain in dB (Gt_) 1.0 Receiver Gain in dB (Gr_) 1.0 Antenna Height 0.1

Contd ....


7. Results7.1 Throughput Analysis

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

DataRate (Pkts/sec)

Bit

re

ce

ive

d/s

ec 2.4Ghz

868Mhz


Throughput Analysis

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

Datarate (pkts/sec)

Bit

s re

ceiv

ed/s

ec

2.4Ghz

868Mhz


7.2 Delay Analysis

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

Datarate (pkts/sec)

del

ay(s

ecs)

2.4Ghz

868Mhz


7.3 Delivery Ratio

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

Datarate (pkts/sec)

pkt

s re

ceiv

ed/p

kts

sen

t

2.4Ghz

868Mhz


0

20

40

60

80

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Datarate (pkts/sec)

pk

ts r

ec

eiv

ed

/pk

ts s

en

t 2.4Ghz

868Mhz

Delivery Ratio


7.4 Energy Analysis

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

Datarate (pkts/sec)

% e

ner

gy

use

d

2.4Ghz

868Mhz


0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Datarate (pkts/sec)

% e

ner

gy

use

d

2.4Ghz

868Mhz

Energy Analysis


0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

% d

rop

s

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

Datarate (Pkts/sec)

Drop Statistics for 868Mhz

others

IFQ1

OUT

ARP

IFQ

CBK

TOUT

TTL

LOOP

NRTE

BSY

STA

RET

ERR

DUP

COL

END

LQI

APS

7.4 Drop Statistics


8. Future Work and Conclusions

A detailed analysis of the performance metrics for the frequencies, 868Mhz and 2.4Ghz.

Simulation according to the ZMD‘ transceiver specifications.

Performance evaluation by varying the BO and the SO. Especially the impact on network throughput by implementing

CFP (GTS).

Statistical evaluation of the results.


Thank you

and

Welcome to my final thesis presentation

1 Intermediate report on Performance Analysis of Zigbee Wireless Personal Area Networks By, Vaddina...

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