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1 Slide 2 GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM 2 Slide 3 AIM To apprise the house about GIS, historical background and recent developments. 3 Geographical Information System Slide 4 SEQUENCE Introduction System Description Historical Background Recent Developments Recommendations Conclusion Q&A 4 Geographical Information System Slide 5 INTRODUCTION What is GIS? Geographical Information System 5 Geographical Information System Slide 6 INTRODUCTION Information Management System 6 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 7 INTRODUCTION Capture 7 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 8 INTRODUCTION Analyze 8 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 9 INTRODUCTION Spatial Information 9 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 10 INTRODUCTION Spatial Information What is Where When! 10 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 11 INTRODUCTION Better decisions using geography 11 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 12 INTRODUCTION Utilities Organizations Police Forces 12 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 13 SYSTEM DESCRIPITION Geographic Data : Fuel for GIS 13 Geographical Information System Slide 14 SYSTEM DESCRIPITION Geographic Data Analog 14 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 15 SYSTEM DESCRIPITION Geographic Data Digital 15 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 16 DATA CAPTURING TECHNIQUES Map Scanning 16 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 17 DATA CAPTURING TECHNIQUES Aerial Photography 17 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 18 TYPES OF DATA MODEL 18 Geographical Information System GIS Data ModelRaster ModelVector Model Contd Slide 19 HISTORY OF GIS 19 Geographical Information System Slide 20 HISTORY OF GIS 1854 Dr John Snow London Cholera Outbreak 20 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 21 HISTORY OF GIS Early 20 th Century Photozincography Layered Maps 21 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 22 HISTORY OF GIS 1960 First GIS Dr Roger Tomlinson Canada Geographic Information System (CGIS) 22 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 23 HISTORY OF GIS 1964 Howard Fisher 23 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 24 HISTORY OF GIS 1964 Laboratory for Computer Graphics & Spatial Analysis 24 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 25 HISTORY OF GIS 1970s SYMAP GRID ODYSSEY 25 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 26 HISTORY OF GIS End of 20 th Century 26 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 27 HISTORY OF GIS Early 20 th Century Open Source GIS Service based GIS 27 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 28 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 28 Geographical Information System Reduced GIS production time Slide 29 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 29 Geographical Information System Field Data Collection Devices Range Azimuth Inclination Height Difference Contd Slide 30 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 30 Geographical Information System Field Data Collection Devices Binoculars Laser Rangefinder Digital Compass Inclinometer Contd Slide 31 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 31 Geographical Information System 3D Scanning Contd Slide 32 RECOMMENDATIONS 32 Geographical Information System Slide 33 CONCLUSION 33 Geographical Information System Change in Emphasis Past Present / Future Analysis Attribute Tagging Data Conversion Analysis Attribute Tagging Data Conversion Slide 34 CONCLUSION 34 Geographical Information System Contd Slide 35 CONCLUSION 35 Geographical Information System Man must rise above the earth to the top of the universe and beyond, for only then will he fully understand the world in which he lives Socrates Contd Slide 36 36 Geographical Information System Slide 37 37 Geographical Information System