*Organism: is a living thing.*Cell: is the smallest unit of living things that can carry out the basic processes of life.*Example:-muscle cells specialize in movement. -Red blood cells carry oxygen to other cells

*A tissue: is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a job.*An organ: is a group of tissues work together to carry out a job.

-As organs work together in an organ system to perform life function.*Example: the circulatory system includes heart, blood and blood vessels.These work together to bring food, oxygen and other materials to the cells.Also some organ systems work together with others.

Example:*The digestive system sends food

to

the circulatory system

*The blood vessels in the circulatory system bring food to the cells.

-Unicellular: one-celled, organism is made of a single cell that carries out its life processes .

Include growing, responding to environment, reproducing and getting food.

-Multicellular: Many-celled, organisms are made of more than one cell.*Example: frog, trees and you*In multicellular organisms, every cell carries out its own life processes. The cells also work together to take care of different functions for the organism.

Scientists estimatethat there are more

than 1 billion kinds ofunicellular organisms

Note

*Plant cells and animal cells have several basic structures called organelles have functions that help keep the cell alive.

Animal cell

functions description componentsControls what materials move into and out of the cell.

-flexible wrapping layer around the outside of the cell.

Cell membrane

-Supports all the cell's structures.

-some of the cell's life processes take place in it.

-Gel-like liquid made mostly of water filed the cell membrane and variety of organelles float in it.

Cytoplasm

-Its wall allows certain materials to pass in and out.

-sends signals to all other parts of the cell as it controls the cell growth, movement and division.

*The cell's control center* It’s large, round

*Has membrane with pores or openings.

*In the center of the cell

Nucleus

Supplies energy for the cell as they break down food which release energy.

*oval, membrane-covered organelle

Mitochondria

-Store water, food and wastes-Release whatever it is

storing by the nucleus 'signal

* membrane-covered*some animal cells have many

vacuoles and some may not have any.

vacuoles

Plant cell

Plant cells have a box-like shape and are bit larger

than animal cells.

*Plant cells have additional organelles that animal cells don’t have.

1)Cell wall: * Additional outer covering around the cell. * Its function :provides the plant cell with strength and extra support.

2)Vacuole: * Usually have one large, central vacuole. *Its function :-Store water that keeps the plant from drying out. -Release the water they have stored according to the plant needs.3)Chloroplasts: *Green structures where the energy from sunlight is used to produce food for the plant. *Are green because they contain a chemical called chlorophyll that is able to use energy in sunlight.

*So the plants make their

own food in chloroplasts.

*Chloroplasts are mainly found in the cells of leaves and stem of

plants.

Animal cell Plant cell  × √ Cell wall

√ √ Mitochondria

× √ Chloroplasts

√ √ Nucleus

√ √ Chromosomes

small large Vacuole

√ √ Cell membrane

√ √ cytoplasm

Q:How are complex organisms organized?

Q: compare and contrast which cell has

a stronger outer covering a plant cell or

an animal cell ?

Q: A plant cell has a thick cell wall and large

vacuoles.However, it does not seem

to have chloroplasts.What part of the plant might this cell be from?