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Enterprise Enterprise Requirement Planning Requirement Planning

For Manufacturing For Manufacturing

Enterprise Enterprise Requirement Planning Requirement Planning

For Manufacturing For Manufacturing

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• What are distribution systems?

Provide forecasting Provide forecasting for inventory control for inventory control

track shipping of track shipping of productsproducts

Provide tracking Provide tracking of product of product shipmentsshipments

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•What is customer interaction management (CIM) software? Manages interactions

with customers Telephone calls E-mail Web interactions Instant Messaging

sessions

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• What is an office information system (OIS)?

Users create graphics and documents, send messages, schedule appointments, and

browse the Web

Sometimes called office automation

Enables employees to perform tasks using computers and other

electronic devices instead of manually

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• What is a transaction processing system (TPS)?

Captures and processes data from day-to-day transactions

Transaction—individual business activity

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• What is a management information system (MIS)?

Generates accurate, timely, and organized information so managers can track progress and make decisions

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• What is a decision support system (DSS)?

Helps users analyze data and make decisions Uses data from internal and external sources, as needed Executive information system (EIS) supports needs of

executive management

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• What is an expert system?

Captures and stores knowledge of human Captures and stores knowledge of human experts and then imitates human experts and then imitates human reasoning and decision makingreasoning and decision making

Captures and stores knowledge of human Captures and stores knowledge of human experts and then imitates human experts and then imitates human reasoning and decision makingreasoning and decision making

Consists of two componentsConsists of two componentsConsists of two componentsConsists of two components

knowledge base—knowledge base—combined subject combined subject

knowledge and knowledge and experiences of experiences of human expertshuman experts

knowledge base—knowledge base—combined subject combined subject

knowledge and knowledge and experiences of experiences of human expertshuman experts

inference rules—set inference rules—set of logical judgments of logical judgments

applied to the applied to the knowledge baseknowledge base

inference rules—set inference rules—set of logical judgments of logical judgments

applied to the applied to the knowledge baseknowledge base

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• What is an example of an expert system?

Step 1. Select from a menu or click a picture for a diet program.

Step 2. Select the type of fat-loss diet based on the initial selection.

Step 3. Specify the caloric goals and current calorie intake.

Step 4. Review the diet summary.

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• What are some common types of expert systems?

Knowledge Knowledge management management

software (KMS)software (KMS) captures expertise of captures expertise of

workersworkers

Artificial Artificial intelligenceintelligence

is application of is application of human human

intelligence intelligence to computersto computers

Knowledge Knowledge managementmanagement

is process by which is process by which enterprise collects, enterprise collects,

archives, indexes, and archives, indexes, and retrieves knowledgeretrieves knowledge

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• What is enterprise resource planning (ERP)?

Provides software applications to coordinate activities of functional units

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Information Systems in the Enterprise

•What is a customer relationship management (CRM) system?Manages information about customers, interactions with

customers, past purchases, and interests

Mainly used in three departments

Sales—tracks sales Sales—tracks sales process from initial process from initial

contact through contact through final purchasefinal purchase

Customer service Customer service department—department—tracks ongoing tracks ongoing correspondence correspondence with customerwith customer

Marketing—learns Marketing—learns about customers about customers and then designs and then designs

new productsnew products

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• What is a content management system (CMS)?

Combination of databases, software, and procedures Organizes and allows access to documents and other files

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• What is a portal? Collection of links, content,

and services presented on Web page

Designed to guide users to information they are likely to find interesting for a particular job function

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• What is a data warehouse? Huge database that

stores data required to analyze historical and current transactions

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• What are Web services? Technologies that

allow businesses to create products and B2B (business-to-business) interactions on Internet

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• What is a workflow? Steps involved in

completing project or business process

Workflow application is a program that tracks process from start to finish

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• What is a virtual private network (VPN)?

Provides secure connection for user connecting to company network server using Internet

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Enterprise Hardware

• What is enterprise hardware?

Allows large Allows large organizations organizations

to manage to manage and store dataand store data

Often Often includes includes levels of levels of

redundancyredundancy

One goal is One goal is to maintain to maintain high level of high level of availabilityavailability

Redundancyif one piece

breaks, another part can assume

tasks

Availabilityhow often

hardware is online

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Enterprise Hardware• What are high-availability systems?

Availability (uptime) of at least 99 percent

Availability (uptime) of at least 99 percent

Often includes hot-swapping

Often includes hot-swapping

Hot-swappingallows components to be replaced while

rest of system continues

to perform tasks

Hot-swappingallows components to be replaced while

rest of system continues

to perform tasks

May include redundant

components

May include redundant

components

Redundant componenttakes over task of

similar component that fails

Redundant componenttakes over task of

similar component that fails

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Enterprise Hardware• What are scalability and interoperability?

ScalabilityScalabilityis measure of how well is measure of how well

computer hardware system, computer hardware system, software application, or software application, or

information system can grow information system can grow to meet increasing needsto meet increasing needs

InteroperabilityInteroperabilityis ability to share information is ability to share information

with other information with other information systems within enterprisesystems within enterprise

Adding hardware Adding hardware is often easiest is often easiest method to growmethod to grow

System that shares System that shares information easily information easily is said to be is said to be openopen

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Disaster Recovery Plan• What is a disaster recovery plan?

Written plan for restoring computer operations in event of disaster

Recovery planactions to be taken

to restore full information processing operations

Test plansimulates various levels of disasters

and records ability to recover

Emergency plansteps to be taken

immediately after disaster

Backup planhow backup files and equipment

would be used to resume information

processing

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• Source : Shelly, Gary B. Discovering Computers (2004/2005/2006). Thomson Course Technology. PPT for Chapter 14.