1 CoE, Regional Conference on QF in the EHEA, 1&2 November 2007, Belgrad, SERBIA Prof.Dr. Şener...

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CoE, Regional Conference on QF in the EHEA, 1&2 November 2007, Belgrad, SERBIA Prof.Dr. Şener Oktik, TURKEY

Prof. Dr. Şener OktikThe Chair of the Commission

for Higher Education Qualifications Framework for CoHE for Turkey

Rector of Mugla University, Turkey

48000 Muğla- TÜRKİYE

Tel:+90 252 223 72 67Fax:+90 252 223 92 74e-mail: [email protected]

Towards Higher Education Qualifications Framework for Turkey

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The surface area 814,578 km2

(97% is in Asia and 3% in Europe, a natural land bridge connecting Southeastern

Europe and southwestern Asia.)

The population of Turkey

2006 74,5 million

(0-14 :%30; 14-64: %64.4; 65+:5,6)

Population Growth Rate %1.2

Life Expectancy Male: 69 Female:74

Gross Domestic Product (2006) $361 billion

Real GDP Growth Rate (2006) 7.6%

Inflation Rate (2006)9.23%

Unemployment Rate10.5%

On October 3, 2005,

the European Union (EU)

began the formal accession framework

for Turkey to become

a full member of the EU,

This process is likely to take some time.

Turkey will undergo further

economic reform and liberalization.

Facts and Figures for Turkey

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Turkish Education System

Population of Turkey : 74,5 million in 2006

Around 25% of the population are in formal education.

The language of instruction commonly is Turkish ( with few exceptions where the language of intruction can be partly or totally in foreign languages)

Administration of education up to Higher education is centralised under the Ministry of

National Education.

The Ministry is responsible for :

drawing up curricula,

coordinating the work of official,

private and voluntary organisations,

designing and building schools,

and developing educational materials.

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Higher education institutions, HEIs, are autonomous for purposes of teaching and research. They submit annual reports to The Council of Higher Education, CoHE, The Council of Higher Education, an autonomous corporate public body within the provisions set forth in the Constitution of the Turkish Republic (Articles 130 and 131) and the Higher Education Law (no:2547), is responsible for:

planning,

coordination,

governance

and supervision of higher education

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Normal Age Education

3-5 Pre-School Education( optional): Pre-school education is provided in kindergartens ( Ana Okulları) under the resposibility of the Ministry of National Education

6-14 Compulsory primary education: The basic education has a single structure with no transition between primary and lower secondary education. Under Law No. 4306, compulsory primary education (Zorunlu İlköğretim) is eight years, for children aged between 6 and 14 since 1997.

15-18 Post-compulsory education/ secondary education

(General secondary education Vocational and technical secondary education)

Secondary education is provided in general, vocational and technical education institutions offering at least three years (four years effective from 2007) of education for those who have completed primary education.

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Normal Age Education and Qualifications

19-20 A vocational qualification known as “Önlisans Diploması” may be awarded by Meslek Yüksek Okulları, short cycle vocational training schools in higher education. In general they are affiliated to the universities.

19-22 University degrees include first-cycle qualifications, Bachelor’s Degree “Lisans Diploması”. Bachelor’s degree is awarded following the successful completion of a full-time four-year university course of study

22-24 A second-cycle qualification known as Yüksek Lisans Diploması (Master’s degree). The Master’s degree is awarded following the successful completion of a further two years of full-time university study (or one-and-a-half years in the case of Master’s programmes not requiring a thesis)

24 A PhD/doctoral degree known as “Doktora Diploması”, which may be taken following satisfactory completion of the Master’s degree, or following The Bachelor’s degree with certain rules and requires a further three years of study

7Gen

eral

S

eco

nd

ary

Vo

cati

on

al

Sec

on

dar

yCEE

1

2

Short Cycle

Semi-Skilled Workers

1

2

3

4

3

4

Cent. Ent Exam

The New 1st Cycle Programs

Short Cycle within First Cycle

First Cycle Programs

Cent. Ent Exam

Short Cycle & First Cycle

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The Existing Turkish National Qualification System

a transparent and reliable system

covering :valid occupational standards, education and training standards curricula, testing and assessment, institutional accreditation and qualifications at international level, facilitating free movement ,changing rapidly in line with the needs of the labour market, supporting life long learning principles, setting up infrastructure required for the international comparability and accreditation, increasing competitiveness and employment, enabling easy access of the employers to well qualified manpowerfits well with QF EQF

.

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Number of HE Institutions: 122

State Universities : 85 (83 uni. and 2 Institute of Techn.)

Foundation Universities: 30

Military Academies: 3

Police Academy : 1

Military Medical School: 1

Military Professional School: 1

Private Vocational High School: 1

Facts and Figures for Turkish Higher Education

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Number of Academic Staff: 89,330

Number of Students: 2,503,009

(Short Cycle and First Cyle open university students: 845,400)

First Cycle: 875,000 (including open university)

Second Cycle: 109,000

Third Cycle: 52,900

Short Cycle: 1,575,000 (including open university)


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In 2007 • 1,776, 441 Students applied for

the Central University Entrance Exam*

• 193,524 Student could enrol for a four year bachelor degrees :

After completing 8 years primary education and 4 years Secondary Education

The Central University Entrance Exam* can be applied

• International students take separate entrance exam for Turkish HEI


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Turkey as a candidate state is entitled to participate in the

Community Programmes :

Socrates

Leonardo da Vinci

Youth

(The most Turkish HEI participated in ERASMUS programme)

In 2007, The 90 Turkish HEIs have renewed their charters for LLP

EU & TURKEY

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Academic Year

Outgoing Students

Incoming Students

Outgoing Academics

Incoming Academics

2004/05 1142 299 339 218

2005/06 2860 900 585 350

2006/07 4900 1200 1450 418

EU & TURKEY

ERASMUS MOBILITY

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Turkish Higher Education System

In Turkey studies have been undertaken in order to set up NQF parallel with EQF and EQF.

In this respect all parties and institutions including CoHE and MoNE have been dealing with issues concerning NQF for LLL.

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Steps in establishing NQF(Morgens Berg)

1 Decision to start

Taken by the national body responsible for higher education (minister?)

2 Setting the agenda: The purpose of our NQF

WG-Report nr. 1 (section 2.3)

3 Organising the process Identifying stakeholders; setting up a committee/WG

4 Design

Profile Level structure Level descriptors (learning outcomes) Credit ranges

5 Consultation

National discussion and acceptance of design by stakeholders

6 Approval

According to national tradition by Minister/Government/legislation

7 Administrative set-up

Division of tasks of implementation between HEI, QAA and other bodies

8 Implementation at institutional/programme level

Reformulation of individual study programmes to learning outcome based approch

9 Inclusion of qualifications in the NQF

Accreditation or similar (cfr. Berlin Communiqué)

10 Self-certification of compatibility with the EHEA framework (Alignment to Bologna cycles etc.)

WG Report nr. 1 Pilot projects

BOLOGNA

SCORECARD

Degree System Quality Assurance Recognition LLL Joint

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Impl Acc NQF ESG Ext Stud Int DS LRC ECTS LLL JD

TURKEY 5 5 3 5 4 4 3 4 4 5 3 5

BOLOGNA SCORECARD - 2007TURKEY

Mean Score of Bologna Countries2007

4.1 4.5 2.9 4.2 4.2 4.0 3.5 4.1 4.0 4.2 3.7 4.6

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Number of Countries in Each Colour Category for Indicators 1-3

Degree system GreenLightgreen

Yellow Orange Red

1. Stage of implementation of the first and second cycle

23 11 10 4 0

2. Access to the next cycle 37 5 2 1 3

3. Implementation of national qualifications framework

7 6 11 23 1

Stocktaking on the Degree System

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Number of countries in each colour category for Indicators 8-10

Recognition of degrees and study periods

GreenLight green

Yellow Orange Red

8. Stage of implementation of diploma supplement

25 7 14 1 1

9. National implementation of the principles of the Lisbon Recognition Convention

31 5 1 3 8

10. Stage of implementation of ECTS

27 9 6 6 0

Stocktaking on Recognition of Degrees and Study Periods

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Recognition of prior learning and joint degrees

GreenLight green

Yellow Orange Red

11. Recognition of prior learning

17 11 9 9 2

12. Establishment and recognition of joint degrees

32 16 0 0 0

Stocktaking on Recognition of Prior Learning and Joint Degrees

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Stocktaking on Quality Assurance

Quality assurance GreenLight green

Yellow Orange Red

4. National implementation of Standards and Guidelines for QA in the EHEA

17 26 4 1 0

5. Stage of development of external quality assurance system

18 23 5 2 0

6. Level of student participation 17 16 11 4 0

7. Level of international participation 11 14 16 3 4


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THANK YOU FOR YOUR

ATTENTION

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Total R&D spending / the GDP of TurkeyTotal R&D spending / the GDP of Turkey

0,81

2005 2006

0.91

2006 GDP360 Billion US Dolars

X ( 0.91/100)=3.3 Billion US Dolars

1 CoE, Regional Conference on QF in the EHEA, 1&2 November 2007, Belgrad, SERBIA Prof.Dr. Şener...

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