1 Cell Theory - Weebly• The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in every living...
Transcript of 1 Cell Theory - Weebly• The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in every living...
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Cell TheoryCell Cell Membrane Cytoplasm DNA Ribosome Nucleus
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Cell Theory
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• The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in every living thing.
• All cells grow and divide transmitting genetic information from one generation to the next.
• The invention of the microscope aided in the understanding of the cell theory.
Cell
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Cell• The cell was first discovered by English scientist
Robert Hooke in 1665. • He noticed that thin slices of cork looked like the
small rooms or cells.
Cell comes from the Latin word Cellulae, which means small room.
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Cell Theory Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first scientist
to use a microscope to see tiny living organisms in a drop of water.
The invention of microscopes changed the way biologists understood nature.
Animated Video Online: Leeuwenhoek (6.5 min)
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Cell Theory German physiologist Theodor Schwann and
German botanist Matthias Schleiden (1839)... "All living things are composed of cells and cell products."
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Where do cells come from?
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Cell Theory
In 1864 Louis Pasteur confirmed that spontaneous generation was not possible with his pasteurization experiments.
Rudolf Virchow German physician (1855)“Where a cell exists there must have been a preexisting cell…”
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The Cell Theory The cell theory is one of the fundamental
concepts of biology. The cell theory states:
• All living things are composed of one or more cells. • Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in
living things. • New cells are produced from existing cells.
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Basic Cell Structures Cells differ in size, structure, and function, but
every cell has the following structures: !
Plasma Membrane Cytoplasm DNA Ribosomes
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Basic Cell Structures The plasma membrane (cell membrane) is a
thin, flexible barrier around the cell.
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Basic Cell Structures The cytoplasm (cytosol) is the fluid material
inside the cell membrane that contains all the cell structures.
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Basic Cell Structures DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that
contains the instructions for building the proteins that make up the cells.
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Basic Cell Structures Ribosomes are the protein-making machines of
the cell. They translate genetic information from the DNA into the cell parts.
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Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Cells are divided into two main categories,
eukaryotes and prokaryotes. – Eukaryotes have a nucleus – Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus.
Karyo is Latin for “kernel” or “nucleus” Eu means “good” or “true” Pro means “before”
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Nucleus The nucleus controls most cell processes, and
stores the genetic material, DNA.
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Prokaryotes Prokaryotes are small single-celled organisms
that do not contain nuclei. Includes all bacteria.
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Eukaryotes Eukaryotes include single or multicellular
organisms with specialized membrane bound structures called organelles.