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CCTV SYSTEMS

Digital CCTV systems

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CCTV SYSTEMS

Advancements in technology have greatly changed the landscape of the CCTV industry and has made it more affordable for the small business owner and home owner to implement a cost effective surveillance system for their premises.

And today these systems can be viewed from anywhere in the world via another computer or by a smart phone, there’s an APP for that.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

A basic four channel system out of the box that is pretty much plug and play will cost approximately $500 (monitor not included).

Compare that to a high quality time lapse VCR that can run $300 to $1500 dollars.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

Because of these advancements and affordability CCTV is used in many different applications.

o TRAFFIC FLOWo PEDESTRIAN SAFETYo HOSPITAL AND CRITICAL CARE MONITORINGo PUBLIC SAFETYo THEFT AND LOSS MANAGEMENTo PROPERTY MANAGEMENTo REMOTE MONITORINGo FIRE PREVENTION AND MONITORINGo HAZARDOUS SITE MONITORING

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CCTV SYSTEMS

o BANK ATM’So HOME SURVEILLANCE o MACHINE VISION AND QUALITY CONTROLo COVERT MONITORINGo MONITORING OF GOVERNMENT BUILDINGSo CRIME PREVENTION/DETERRENTo TRANSPORT SAFETYo DRONES (PREDATOR AND VIPER)o DHS BORDER SECURITY………………….and the list

continues to grow.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

Here is a simple 4 channel system that can be networked.

Pre terminated cables for each camera

A power supply for each camera

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CCTV SYSTEMS

The out of the box system is easy to install, you only need to run cables for the cameras and a few interconnections at the DVR.

The trade off is that you have to spend some quality time programing and setting up the DVR which depending on the size and complexity of the CCTV install can take many hours.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

The cameras in new systems are solid state cameras as opposed to the vacuum tube style.

These cameras are rated for both indoor and outdoor use which means they don’t need an enclosure like the older cameras.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

They also use IR (infra red) technology that allows them to work in very low light and dark locations.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

The DVR (digital video recorder) or NVR (networkable video recorder) which is becoming a more common type of DVR has replaced all of the legacy equipment in small CCTV systems.

The DVR can multiplex the signals to 4 channel, 8 channel or 16 channels as needed.

It can sequence video screens or the operator can easily switch from one camera to any other at will.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

The date and time is automatically tracked by the DVR and video information is stored on a hard drive with capacities from 500GB to 2TB and more.

Further more video can be downloaded on to a stick or burned to a DVD as needed for any previously recorded event by date and/or time.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

Here is a full featured DVR that also provides PTZ controls for pan, tilt and zoom cameras

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CCTV SYSTEMS

Todays DVR has combined the multiplexer, date/time generator, sequencer, switcher, PTZ controller and VCR into one unit.

It has a much longer recording capacity than VHS tapes and provides alarm interfaces as well as being remotely accessible from anywhere.

Todays DVRs can easily be upgraded with additional storage capacity too.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

The monitors are now digital flat screens with various resolutions and aspect ratio options and also provide color images.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

Flat screen monitors also have the advantage of being wall mounted and several monitors can be mounted close together to accommodate many cameras and be viewed as one large monitor.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

Most out of the box solutions come with composite type pre terminated cables.

Can you identify the application of each of these connectors?

RED = POWER

YELLOW = VIDEO

WHITE = AUDIO

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CCTV SYSTEMS

Each camera has it’s own power supply, in 4 channel systems it’s easy to manage separate power supplies for each camera.

For 8 channel systems and larger a separate power supply box is preferred for ease of installation and maintenance.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

We can use twisted pair cable as our signaling path for CCTV by using balun adapters (balanced to unbalanced).

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CCTV SYSTEMS

If we’re going to network the DVR it will need a static IP and will also need to be hooked up through a router.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

We can add motion detectors and remote alarm sounders to a CCTV system.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

We can also add wireless cameras to a CCTV system and have any combination of the various designs we just looked at.

Of course the larger the system the more expensive it becomes, and there is a premium for high resolution cameras and pan, tilt and zoom features too.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

You may be asking yourself what is the most amount of channels available on a DVR.

This is a question casinos are always asking “how many cameras can I have”?

Standard commercial DVRs are 16 channels, we can piggy back a couple of these if need be……..

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CCTV SYSTEMS

8 U 48 Bay Case48 Hot Swap SATA-2 Bays7 Hot Swap Cooling FansSATA-2 BackplaneTriple Redundant 650 Watt Power Supplies8 GB DDR3 MemoryGenuine Intel I5 Quad Processor w/ 8mb Cache48 Port Raid ArrayMicrosoft Windows 7 64 Bit OSBlue Ray (50GB) Backup48 - 2.0 TB DVR Grade Hard Drives, SATA-2, 7200 RPMKeyboardMouse64 Channel H.264 DVR 64 Audio, 64 Video Inputs

Or we could customize any array needed, this is a 64 channel custom cabinet, also available in 128 channel formats.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

Bear in mind that a 4 channel system that cost about $500 dollars is the low end of the spectrum.

The cameras are low resolution, the cables are for short distances only and the storage capacity is usually limited to 250GB to 500GB.

One last thing that should be clarified are storage denominations.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

250GB is 250 billion bytes, the capital “B” designates bytes whereas a small “b” indicates bits.

How many bits equals one byte?

We use the term byte for storage reference and bits for transmission speeds.

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CCTV SYSTEMS

So the next question is what does 1TB equal?

The “T” stands for Tera which is a measure of trillions.

1 TRILLION BYTES

1,000,000,000,000.0