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BIOENERGY

1. Session - Mapping of existing infrastructures

Kai Sipilä

VTT Processes, Finland

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy1.6.2005 in Brussels, DG Research

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1. Drivers in Europe: - EU White Paper 6 --> 12 % Renewables- Bioenergy up to 130 Mtoe/a -> from where ?- Directives on RES-electricity, CHP and Biofuels- Landfill directive: urban and industrial waste

2. ERA Bioenergy in 2002 – key conclusions

3. EC New instruments in 6. FWP, e.g.- Bioenergy Network of Excellent (NoE)- IP`s: Chrisgas (syngas) and Renew (transport fuels thermochemical)- ERANET Bioenergy (6 member states)

4. Technology Platforms, e.g. - Biofuels for Transport- Forest Industry Platform

5. Other networks, e.g. - EUREC, (EREC, Eubia, Aebiom etc.)- IEA Bioenergy Agreement – 21 countries

6. Bioenergy RTDD priorities: fuel supply, biofuels, bioelectricity, biorefinery

7. Research Infrastructure criteria in general

8. Conclusions and input for the future steps

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Ris

k

No

velt

y

Res

earc

h

Implementation to industrial and Commercial Market

Basic Research

ApliedResearch

IndustrialProjects

To commercialoperations

THE INNOVATION CHAIN to be included to the European Research Infrastructures

Demonstrations

Newinnovations

NewRI´s

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RENEWABLE ENERGY PENETRATION EU15 IN 2010

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Geothermal

Wave

Waste

Biomass

Solar Active

Photovoltaics

Hydro

Wind Best PracticePresent Policies

Source : TERES II

Mtoe

Bioenergy in 1995 Bioenergy target for 2010 in EU ---------------->

2020 2010 Biofuels for transport 6/8 %

Forest industry wood demand in 2010

RES-E

agrobiomasswoody biomass

18 / 36 Mtoe ?

Forest, agroand waste offerequal volumes !

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EU-25 Bioenergy RTD in 2002:

• total volume about 220 M€/a and 20 M€ EC funding (10 %)

• > 7 000 researcher

• > 150 RTD organisations

• > 150 RTD programmes

Co-ordinated by Prof. Josef Spitzer, JR, AUT

“ERA Actions should aim at:- Supporting transfer of existing knowledge and developed technologies to minimize “double work”- Organizing joint RTD initiatives on topics requiring further development”

BIO-ENERGYENLARGED PERSPECTIVES

Results (1)

• Existing knowledge and developed technologies– Liquid/gaseous biofuels: Ethanol from sugar/starch crops, biodiesel, biogas

– Combustion of wood and wood residues: Medium and large scale boilers, steam cycle power production

• Modifications and optimizations may be needed– To account for local conditions

– To improve operation and economy

Source: ERA Bioenergy Final report

BIO-ENERGYENLARGED PERSPECTIVES

Results (2)Topics requiring further development

– Feedstock production and pre-treatment• Forestry residues, biogenic MSW fraction, short rotation crops• Standardized solid fuels production and trade• Systems studies on land use change and non-energy market competition

– Conversion processes• Advanced gasification for power and syngas production• Ethanol from wood in “integrated production plants”• Bio-oil from flash pyrolysis• Adaptation of combustion engines and gas turbines for biofuels, e.g. for IGCC plants

– End use integration• Co-combustion of biofuels with fossil fuels• Accounting models for Kyoto-related benefits• Small scale combustion with automatic operation and emission control• Fuel logistics and vehicle adaptation• Concentrate on “high volume low cost” applications

Source: ERA Bioenergy Final report

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NoE BioenergyNoE Bioenergy

Euroopan kartta ja partnereiden liput

New instrument:• 8 partners• Good European coverage • Duration 5 years, 2004-08• Budget 8 M€

Mission:• To establish a durable integrated European

research structure to promote the introduction of successful bioenergy chains

• Jointly executed research to overcome the barriers to bioenergy

C O M M U N I C A T I N G E U R O P E A N R E S E A C O M M U N I C A T I N G E U R O P E A N R E S E A R C H R C HW h a t ’ s i n i t f o r y o u ?W h a t ’ s i n i t f o r y o u ? Brussels, 11-12 May 2004

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Consortium competenceConsortium competence

CHP, largescale systems,forest industry

Climate issues,small scaleapplications

Biogenicwaste toenergy

Environment,socio-

economics

Agro-biomass Biofuels for

transport

Training,education,

dissemination

Land usechange and

biomassresources

VTT, Finland

Joanneum Research, Austria

ECN, NetherlandsINRA, France

IIIEE , Sweden

Aston University, UK

EC BREC, Poland

ForschungzentrumKarlsruhe, Germany

PermanentBioenergyR&D Centre

C O M M U N I C A T I N G E U R O P E A N R E S E A C O M M U N I C A T I N G E U R O P E A N R E S E A R C H R C HW h a t ’ s i n i t f o r y o u ?W h a t ’ s i n i t f o r y o u ? Brussels, 11-12 May 2004

Bioenergy NoE

Interactions and SEA of Bioenergy NoE

Joint activities:Master courses and PhD`s

Seminars, WorkshopsConferences

NoE Web siteNews sharingNew projects

DG TREN (IEE):ThermalNetEUbioNetIIIP`s

IEA Bioenergy

ERA-NET – BioenergyIP`sOther networksOther projects

National projects

NoE

DG RTD:

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Forest biomassin future also

urban waste and strawBiofuel production

Biofuels: pellets bio oils, SNG EtOH/MeOH SynDiesel

Bark

Woodresidues

Pulp & PaperMill

Woodhandling

Barkboiler

PowerHeat

PowerSteam

Refinery

Crude Oil

BIOREFINERY IN FOREST INDUSTRY ? - benefit of raw material, polygeneration, large scale -

BioPower

Tax incentives, policieswill prioritize businessinterest

< 500 MWf

< 300 MWf

12

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

FT Upgraded Liquids (C5+) Methanol

Pro

du

cti

on

co

sts

, EU

R/M

Wh

Feed 0 EUR/MWh

Feed 10 EUR/MWh

Feed 20 EUR/MWh

Forest residues based products, 15 €/MWh

Raw material price - case: 300 MWfuel, ~250 M€ investment, 10 %

Syngas/Fuels Forest BioRefinery

Refinery-gate price for gasoline, diesel

Refinery-gate price + diesel excise duty (FIN)

Solid recovered fuels, 0 €/MWh ?

Source: Paterson McKeough

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Source: Esa Kurkela

Synthesis gas from biomass to liquid biofuels,hydrogen, synthetic methane and chemicals

- liquid biofuels or H2 in medium-to-large scale plants

Synthesis gas R&Din 1980’s

Sweden, Germany;USA, Finland

Synthesis gas R&Din 1980’s

Sweden, Germany;USA, Finland

HTWplant

in Oulu

HTWplant

in Oulu

Catalyticreformingknow-how

Catalyticreformingknow-how

VTT-UCGOptimised

syngas R&DPDU-scale

Development

VTT-UCGOptimised

syngas R&DPDU-scale

Development

Other pilot/demo plantsBerrenrath, Hawai,

Studsvik, Vermonth, Gussing

Other pilot/demo plantsBerrenrath, Hawai,

Studsvik, Vermonth, Gussing

Large FT-fuel plantsbased on entrained-flow gasificatrion > 1000 MW

Waste-tosynfuelR&D

Waste-tosynfuelR&D

Entrained-flowcoal gasification technlogy

with biomass pyrolysis/torrefaction

Entrained-flowcoal gasification technlogy

with biomass pyrolysis/torrefaction

Industrialpilot/demoIndustrialpilot/demo

Demonstrationat 200 MW-scaleDemonstration

at 200 MW-scale

R&D on Hydrogen economiesR&D on Hydrogen economies

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 20201985 2025 20301995 2000 2005 2010 2015 202019851985 2025 2030

Hydrogen technologies

Biorefineries in pulp and paper mills or refineries

fluid-bed gasifiers 200-400 MW

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Conclusions

Research Infrastructures is an interesting and important instrument for European Bioenergy RTD

EU Directives set challenging targets, additional instruments are needed Key priorities: - fuel chain and logistics (forest, agro and biogenic waste)

- transportation fuels production

- new power production technologies

- new integrated concepts like Biorefineries Criteria for RI, e.g. - key priority areas in the 7. FWP RTD work plan

- novelty, industrial commitment and convincing innovation chain

- access to European RTD institutions and actors, existing

RTD infrastructure investments significant

- networking of the RI-investments, permanent bodies ?

The present new EC instruments, like NoE Bioenergy, IP`s, and the potential new Technology platforms can offer present activities and new ideas. Networks like EUREC, EREC etc. will also have visions and concrete proposals to be integrated to future brainstorming with the bioenergy RTD actors.

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Thank you !