1. _______- a naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid with a definite chemical composition...
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Transcript of 1. _______- a naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid with a definite chemical composition...
1. _______- a naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid with a definite chemical composition
mineral
A. “Naturally occurring”- made by ______- not man-made nature
B. “Inorganic”- is not nor has it ever been ________alive
C. “Crystalline”- minerals are lined up in ________ patternsrepeating
D. “SOLID”
E. “Definite chemical composition”- certain elements in definite proportions
2. ________- a solid plane in which the atoms are arranged in orderly, repeating patterns A. cubic B. tetragonal C. hexagonal D. orthorhombic E. triclinic F. monoclinic
crystal
CUBICHALITE
TETRAGONALWULFENITE
HEXAGONALBERYL
ORTHORHOMBICTANZANITE
MONOCLINICGYPSUM
TRICLINICMONTEBRASITE
3. Physical propertiesA. _____- the mineral’s general colorB. _______- the color of the powdered mineralC. _______- the way light is reflected from a mineral’s surface D. ________-how tightly packed together the molecules of a mineral are;E. ________- a mineral’s resistance to being scratchedF. ________- breaks on smooth surfaces; ________- the irregular breakage of a mineral
hardness
cleavagefracture
streak
density
color
luster
G. Other- _____ (salt), _____ (sulfur), ___________ (iron), and _____ (jade)
taste smell
magnetism sound
4. _____- rare and highly prized mineralsgems
5. ______- minerals that can be 5. ______- minerals that can be mined at a profitmined at a profit
oresores
6. ______and _______- two most 6. ______and _______- two most abundant elements in the Earth’s abundant elements in the Earth’s crustcrust
siliconsilicon oxygenoxygen
7. rock- mixture of ________, ______________, _____________, and ________________8. Rock cycle- rocks are formed by __________, _______, ____, ________, _______, _______, __________ and ___________
mineralsvolcanic glass organic matter
other materials
weathering erosion heatpressure melting coolingcompaction cementation
9. Major Rock types A. IGNEOUSB. SEDIMENTARYC. METAMORPHIC
10. _____________- rocks made from molten materials
______- underground melted materials____- above the ground melted materials
Igneous rocks
magma
lava
A.Intrusive- formed _____ Earth’s surface and eventually uplifted and
uncovered by __________ and _______; magma cools ______; _____ crystals
B. Extrusive- formed when lava cools ___________ Earth’s surface; cools ____; _____ crystals
under
weatheringerosion slowlylarge
at or abovefast small
11. sedimentary- 75% of all rocks on the _______; the only rocks that _________ on the Earth’s surface
surfaceoriginate
A.A.Methods of formation:Methods of formation:1) __________ (breaking down) 1) __________ (breaking down) and _______ (the moving and _______ (the moving around) of rock particlesaround) of rock particles2) __________- pressure that 2) __________- pressure that squeezes out the air and watersqueezes out the air and water3) ___________- water that is 3) ___________- water that is dissolved with minerals “glues dissolved with minerals “glues particles together and then they particles together and then they hardenshardens
weatheringerosion
compaction
cementation
B. Classification: 1) ________- broken pieces of other
rocks and shells are cemented together; shale, sandstone, conglomerate 2)________- minerals are withdrawn
from a solution or left behind after evaporation; halite and some
limestone
clastic
chemical
3) _______- rock formed from once living materials
_____- formed from shells of coquina ____- formed from dead plants that have been buried and pressurized
organic
chalk
coal
11. Metamorphic rock- rocks that have changed due to ____ and ________
A. ________- contains parallel bands of mineralsB. ____________- no banding; massive in form; mineral grains grow and rearrange
heatpressure
foliated
non-foliated