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Transcript of 1 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 Cisco IOS IP...
1© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Cisco IOS IP Service Level AgreementsTechnical Overview
Internet Technologies Division
November 2004
2© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Agenda
• Introduction
• Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements (SLA) Overview
• Use Cases for Cisco IOS IP SLAs
• Cisco IOS IP SLAs for VoIP
• Cisco IOS IP SLAs for IP/MPLS
3© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
VPNs with IOS-based Managed Services
Corporate Intranet
Remote Users/ TelecommutersRemote Users/ Telecommuters
Cable/DSL/ISDN ISP
SP Converged IP/MPLS
Network
VPN B
PE
PE
Internet
ProviderNetworks
Head OfficeHead Office
Business PartnerBusiness Partner
Corporate ExtranetRemote AccessBranch OfficeBranch Office
Security With Cisco IOS Firewall &
Intrusion Prevention System
Routing With Cisco Enhanced Interior
Gateway Routing Protocol Management With Cisco IP SLAs
Local or Direct
Dial ISP
MPLS to IPsec/PE
4© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Service Provider: Improved and flexible SLA managementEnterprises: Access to comprehensive SLA reports
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Exclusive
SLAs for IP/MPLS Networks
Measure Either CE–PE or CE–CE or
PE-PE Links
Enterprise Site 2
Enterprise Site 1
Measure Either CE–PE
or CE–CE Links
• Cisco IOS IP SLAs’ operations measure per VPN
• Allows measurements from a PE to CE routers
P Router
CRS-1
SP Converged IP/MPLS Network
5© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Cisco IOS IP SLAs Advantages
I II III
VPN• SLAs are
essential to VPN services
• Quality of Service (QoS)-based measurements
• Revenue for differentiated services
• Brings IP service customer confidence
VoIP• Demonstrate
how VoIP is working
• Deploy with confidence
• Enhanced customer satisfaction
• Metrics useful for trouble shooting & and reducing down time
Business Applications
• Assure delivery with network performance
• Meet business objectives with guaranteed service levels
• Assure network quality of service
• Reduce downtime
Key Services Benefit from Cisco IOS IP SLA
6© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements:A New Direction
• Cisco solution that assures IP service levels, proactively verifies network operation, and accurately measures network performance
Comprehensive hardware support
Committed Cisco partner support
Cisco IOS Software, the world’s leading network infrastructure software
Access Enterprise Backbone Enterprise Premise Edge
Service Provider Aggregation Edge
Service Provider Core
Enterprise and Small Medium Business
Understand NetworkPerformance &
Ease Deployment
Verify Service LevelsVerify Outsourced SLAs
Measure and provideSLAs
Service Providers
Cisco IOS Software
7© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Cisco IOS IP SLAsUnderstanding IP Service Levels
• Optimize IP business applications and services
Voice over IP, Video, and VPN
• Reduce total cost of ownership
• End to end service level measurements
8© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Cisco IOS IP SLAs Benefits
Measurements and Metrics
Proactive
Automated Intelligence
Continuous Predictable Reliable
OPTIMIZED APPLICATIONS & SERVICES
REDUCED TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP AND OpEx
• Performance visibility
• Prove service levels
• Enhance Customer satisfaction
• Enhance acceptance of business-critical services
• Reduce deployment time• Lower mean time to restore and
downtime• Proactive identification of issues
enforces higher reliability
9© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Fine tune and optimizeOngoing measurements to understand behaviorwith proactive notification
Baseline network performanceVerify network readiness for new services with Cisco IOS IP SLA capabilities.
Quantify results• Reduce deployment time• Prove service and
application differentiation• Verify service levels• Reduce network down
time• Manage demand for the
network
Understand network performance baseline Confidence to deploynew IP servicesand applications
AssureAssureapplication application and service and service deploymentdeployment
1
2
3
4
Cisco IOS IP SLAs Life Cycle
10© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Cisco 800Series
Cisco 1700Series
Cisco 3700Series
Cisco 2600Series
Cisco 7300Series
Cisco Catalyst 6500; Cisco 7600 Series
Cisco 10000Series
Cisco 12000 Series
Cisco 7200 Series
Cisco 4500Series
Enterprise & Aggregation/Edge
Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2S
Cisco 2900, 3550, &
3750 Series
Cisco 7200 & 7300 Series
Comprehensive Hardware Support
Access
Core
Cisco IOS Software Releases 12.3T and 12.4
11© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Round TripTime
NetworkJitter
Dist. ofStats ConnectivityPacket
Loss
FTP DNS DHCP TCPJitter ICMP UDPDLSW HTTP
NetworkPerformanceMonitoring
Service Level Service Level AgreementAgreement
(SLA)(SLA)MonitoringMonitoring
NetworkNetworkAssessmentAssessment
Multiprotocol Label
Switching (MPLS)
Monitoring
VoIP VoIP MonitoringMonitoringAvailability Trouble
Shooting
ProtocolsProtocols
Measurement MetricsMeasurement Metrics
ApplicationsApplications
IP Server
MIB DataActive Generated Traffic
DestinationSource
Defined Packet Size, SpacingCOS and Protocol
IP Server
Responder
LDP H.323 SIP RTP
IP SLAIP SLA
Cisco IOS Software
IP SLAIP SLA
Cisco IOS Software IP SLAIP SLA
Cisco IOS Software
Example: Multi-Protocol Measurement and Management with Cisco IOS IP SLAs
Radius Video
12© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
*DATA TRAFFIC
*VoIP*SERVICE LEVEL
AGREEMENT *AVAILABILITY**STREAMING
VIDEO
RE
QU
IRE
ME
NT
• Minimize Delay, Packet Loss
• Verify QoS
• Minimize Delay, Packet Loss, Jitter
• Measure Delay, Packet Loss, Jitter
• One-way
Connectivity testing
• Minimize Delay, Packet Loss
IP S
LA
ME
AS
UR
ME
NT
• Jitter • Packet loss• Latency• per QoS
• Jitter • Packet loss• Latency• MOS Voice
Quality Score
• Jitter • Packet loss• Latency• One-way• Enhanced
accuracy• NTP
• Connectivity tests to IP devices
• Jitter • Packet loss• Latency
Cisco IOS IP SLAs Uses and Metrics
* Currently available**Limited availability in 9/04; complete in CY’05
13© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Cisco IOS IP SLAs Leading Performance Measurements
• Cisco IOS IP SLA has been the most popular way to measure performance statistics (ie: latency, jitter, packet loss, and MOS) because:
Simplicity of solution, as compared to other technical solutions
High level of confidence
The packets are controlled
Cost scalable
Dedicated probes are not required
Cisco IOS IP SLA responder increases measurement accuracy
Not possible with ping or other dedicated probe testing
14© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
UDP Jitter Operation Example
Time
Frequency
= IP SLA UDP Jitter test packet – Operation 1 destination IP 10.0.0.1= IP SLA UDP Jitter test packet – Operation 2 destination IP 20.0.0.1
IntervalNumber of
Packets
UDP Jitter default settings:• Frequency = 1 minute• Interval = 20 milliseconds• Number of Packets = 10
15© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Cisco IOS IP SLAs Source and Responder
• Source RouterCisco IOS Software router that sends data from operation
Cisco IOS Software may or may not be the target
Some operations require the target to run the IP SLA responder
Stores results in MIB
Configuration for each operation (destination) device
• ResponderResponds to IP SLA packets at destination
User defined UDP/TCP ports
IP SLA Control Protocol
MD 5 Authentication
Accurate measurements
16© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
UDP Jitter Operation Packet Stream
IP SLA
IP CoreResponder
Send train of packets with constant Interval
Receive train of packets atInterval impacted by Network
Add a receive time stamp, and calculate delta, the processing time.
Per-direction inter-packet delay (Jitter)
Per-direction packet loss
Average Round Trip Delay
17© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Responder
The Responder takes 2 Timestamps (T2 & T3)
Source Router
Responder
Target Router
T1
T4
T3
T2
= T3 - T2
• Responder factors out destination processing time making results highly accurate
• Responder allows for one-way measurements for latency, jitter, packet loss, and MOS
18© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
• Reaction Trigger to Events
Can send SNMP traps for certain “triggering” events:
Connection Loss and Timeout
Round Trip Time Threshold
Average Jitter Threshold
Unidirectional packet loss, latency, jitter, MOS Scores
Can trigger another IP SLA operation for further analysis
Threshold Violation
Threshold violation
No Alert
100 ms
50 ms
Time
AlertAlert
Resolution
Threshold Violation
Trigger• Immediate• Consecutive• X of Y times• Average Exceeded
Cisco IOS IP SLAs Reaction Conditions
18© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 Cisco Internal Use Only
19© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Availability
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
12.2(11)T(Infra2)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
12.2(14)S
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
12.1E
XXXXSNMP Support
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
12.2(2)T
XAPM
XICMP Path Jitter
XFrame-Relay (CLI)
XMPLS/VPN Aware
XXFTP Get
XXUDP Jitter One Way Latency
XXXDLSw+
XXXDHCP
XXXDNS
XXXHTTP
XXXUDP Jitter
XXXXTCP Connect
XXXXUDP Echo
XXXXSSCP(SNA)
XXXXXICMP Echo Path
XXXXXICMP Echo
12.2(25)S12.1(1)T
12.212.0(5)T12.0(8)S
12.0(3)T11.2Feature/Release
20© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
THIRD PARTY PRODUCTS
Cisco Network Management Solution
Cisco IP Solution Center MPLS VPN and SLA Monitoring
Internetworking Performance Monitor Enterprise performance measurements
Cisco IOS IP SLAs Partners
21© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
CISCO IOS IP SLAs USE CASES
22© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
SLA Verification and Management
• Customer obtains from Service Provider:
Availability
QoS
Jitter SLAs
• Service Provider needs visibility in the Customer Edge, in order to commit to SLAs
• Enterprise will verify SP SLAs by using access router edge to edge measurements
Enterprise may provide restricted Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) (RTT, Latency, QoS) visibility into Access router for Service Provider
Service Provider with restricted access can report SLA as a service back to the enterprise
23© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Network Monitoring
• Cisco IOS IP SLA answers the following question:
What is the jitter, latency, or packet loss between any two points in the network?
• IP Services can be simulated by specifying various packet sizes, ports, class of service, packet spacing, and measurement frequencies
• Uni-directional and highly accurate measurements
• Measurements per class of service to validate service differentiation for data, voice, and video
• Cisco IOS IP SLA will identify an edge to edge network performance baseline and allow the user to understand trends and anomalies from the baseline
24© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
IP Network Readiness
• Network assessment tool built into Cisco IOS Software
• Simulate IP Services and verify how well they will work in the network
• How well is QoS working in the network pre-deployment
• Post deployment continued verification of network performance per IP service
25© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Availability Monitoring
• Cisco IOS IP SLA uses proactive monitoring for periodic, reliable, and continuous availability measurements
• Connectivity measurements from Cisco router to router or Cisco router to server
• Threshold notifications when end point is not available
What is the availability of a Network File System (NFS) server used to store business critical data from a remote site ?
Cisco IOS IP SLA UDP active measurement to specific server ports is used to test remote site to server connectivity
If server is unavailable, then traps can notify the network management system
26© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Troubleshooting with Cisco IOS IP SLAs
• Proactive notification of problems and issues based on threshold alerts
• Testing edge to edge consistently and reliability will save time in finding and pin pointing network performance problem areas
• Secondary activation of path operation (ie: path jitter) or activation of operations at a higher frequency to isolate and verify problem areas in the network
27© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
CISCO IOS IP SLAs FOR VoIP
28© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Call setupmeasurements
Standard jitter, Packet loss,
latency measurements
Voice quality score
measurements
IP SLAs for Voice over IP
• VoIP may be difficult to deploy when the network behavior is not well understood
Cisco IOS IP SLAs will verify network readiness and QoS
Measure critical performance for VoIP deployment
Real time warning of network performance degradation
IP SLA is universally available across Cisco IOS Software routers
Hardware-basedVoIP
measurements
29© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
• Voice quality measurements between any two network points on any path
• Continuous, reliable, predictable performance monitoring
• Cisco IOS IP SLAs thresholds and hop-by-hop details isolate problems
Cisco IOS IP SLAs for VoIP
A
PSTN
IPWAN
Headquarters
A
Branch
IP SLA End to End Measurements
IP SLA WAN Measurements
IP SLA Network to Server Measurements
29© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 Cisco Internal Use Only
30© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
Cisco IOS IP SLAs for VoIP Features
• November 2003 (Release 12.3(4)T)
VoIP Codec Simulations using Cisco IOS IP SLA active monitoring
Voice Quality Scoring
• March 2003 (Release 12.3(7)T)
New Threshold traps, one-way packet loss, jitter, latency and MOS
31© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
CISCO IOS IP SLAs FOR IP/MPLS
32© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
IP CLASS OF SERVICE
ONE-WAY DELAY
THROUGHPUT JITTERQoS
BANDWIDTH PER AAPP
Priority Voice Traffic
< 80 msPacket loss
< 5% less< 35 ms Max 75%
Real-Time Traffic – Video
< 80 msPacket loss
< 3%60%
Priority Data Traffic
< 100 msPacket loss
< 2%30%
Best Effort Traffic
No target No target No target 10%
Cisco IOS IP SLAs ExampleUnited States, Service Provider
• Jitter: telephony and multi-media conferencing• Packet Loss: telephony, multi-media conferencing, streaming media, low
latency data • Delay: telephony, multi-media conferencing, streaming media
33© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
VPN SLAs and Performance Measurement
10.10.10.1
10.11.10.1
10.12.10.1
(PE)
CEs with VRFs Red, Blue and Yellow.
• Cisco IOS a leader in IP/MPLS
• How to measure an SLA within a specific VPN?
Cisco IOS IP SLA operations are vrf-aware and measure an SLA per VPN
Allows measurements from a PE or multi-vrf CE router
Releases 12.2(2)T, 12.2(20)S, and 12.0(26)S
34© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04
ReferencesReferences
• Cisco IOS IP SLAs
www.cisco.com/go/ipsla
35© 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04