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Introduction to AdenovirusesIntroduction to Adenoviruses
Hugh FackrellHugh Fackrell
University of WindsorUniversity of Windsor
Windsor, ON CanadaWindsor, ON Canada
[email protected]@uwindsor.ca
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Adenoviruses OutlineAdenoviruses Outline
General Properties of AdenovirusGeneral Properties of AdenovirusClinical DiseasesClinical DiseasesTransmissionTransmissionDiagnosisDiagnosisPrevention and ControlPrevention and Control
Baron’s Web Site
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Adenovirus StructureAdenovirus Structure
isocahedral - 70-100 nmisocahedral - 70-100 nm252 capsomers252 capsomers
240 hexons240 hexons 12 fibrillar pentons12 fibrillar pentons
dsDNA lineardsDNA linear2 major core proteins2 major core proteins
2 minor proteins2 minor proteins
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Adenovirus Core ProteinsAdenovirus Core Proteins
Protein V- histone likeProtein V- histone likeProtein VII -bridge to capsidProtein VII -bridge to capsidProtein mu-??Protein mu-??Terminal ProteinTerminal Protein
covalently linked to DNAcovalently linked to DNA circularizes DNAcircularizes DNA primer for DNA replicationprimer for DNA replication
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Model of AdenovirusModel of Adenovirus
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Adenovirus virionsAdenovirus virions
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Adenovirus replicationAdenovirus replication
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Adenovirus mRNAAdenovirus mRNA
Adeno DNA reaches nucleusAdeno DNA reaches nucleus terminal protein binds to host DNAterminal protein binds to host DNA Viral Genes expressedViral Genes expressed
Adenovirus mRNA moves to cytoplasmAdenovirus mRNA moves to cytoplasm 13S mRNA & 12S mRNA have introns13S mRNA & 12S mRNA have introns Intron splicing of mRNA gives several different Intron splicing of mRNA gives several different
proteinsproteins
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Clinical ManifestationsClinical Manifestations
ConjunctivitisConjunctivitis acute folicular conjunctivitisacute folicular conjunctivitis epidemic keratoconjunctivitisepidemic keratoconjunctivitis
Pharyngitis- acute febrilePharyngitis- acute febrilePneumonia- sequalae Pneumonia- sequalae CystitisCystitis Infantile GastroenteritisInfantile Gastroenteritis
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Host DefensesHost Defenses
Neutralizing antibodies -teenagersNeutralizing antibodies -teenagersCytotoxic T lymphocytesCytotoxic T lymphocytesInterferonInterferon
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EpidemiologyEpidemiology
Children Children 6 months-2 years highly susceptible6 months-2 years highly susceptible extends to 5-9 years of ageextends to 5-9 years of age types 2,1,3,5,7types 2,1,3,5,7 type 1 & 2 causes 60% of infectionstype 1 & 2 causes 60% of infections
Military recruitsMilitary recruitsImmunocompromised patientsImmunocompromised patients
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Antigenic typesAntigenic types
MastadenovirusMastadenovirus 47 types of human adenovirus47 types of human adenovirus
Aviadenovirus Aviadenovirus 80 types infect birds80 types infect birds
No common antigen for all adenovirusesNo common antigen for all adenoviruses some cross reaction with hexon proteinsome cross reaction with hexon protein
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Human Adenovirus Types(Mastadenovirus H)
Human Adenovirus Types(Mastadenovirus H)
Subgenus Serotype Subgenus Serotype
A 12,18,31A 12,18,31
B 3,7,11,14,16,21,34,35B 3,7,11,14,16,21,34,35
C 1,2,5,6C 1,2,5,6
D 8-10,13,15,17,20,22-30,D 8-10,13,15,17,20,22-30,
32,33,36-3932,33,36-39
E 4E 4
F 40,41F 40,41
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PathogenesisPathogenesis
Droplet transmissionDroplet transmissionRespiratory or ocular secretionsRespiratory or ocular secretionsPersistent infection in tonsilsPersistent infection in tonsils
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Adenovirus causes epidemics of acute respiratory disease in
military recruits
Adenovirus causes epidemics of acute respiratory disease in
military recruits
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VaccinationVaccination
limited application because adenovirus is limited application because adenovirus is associated with tumorigensis in animalsassociated with tumorigensis in animals
rarely serious complicationrarely serious complicationattenuated vaccine to 4,7,21attenuated vaccine to 4,7,21applied to military recruitsapplied to military recruits
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Adenovirus-Host Cell Interactions
Adenovirus-Host Cell Interactions
Viral latency human- Viral latency human- tonsilstonsils
Abortive infection-Abortive infection-hamsterhamster or monkey cellsor monkey cells
Semi permissive infection- Semi permissive infection- rat cellsrat cells
Productive infection-Productive infection-human cellshuman cells
Malignant transformation- Malignant transformation- rat cell linesrat cell lines
Tumor induction- Tumor induction- hamstershamsters First time for Human virus (Type 12) First time for Human virus (Type 12)
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Adenovirus induced tumour in hamster
Adenovirus induced tumour in hamster
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Adeno Associated Satellite VirusAdeno Associated Satellite Virus
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DiagnosisDiagnosis
Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestationsRise in specific antibody titer between Rise in specific antibody titer between
acute phase and convalescent phaseacute phase and convalescent phaseIsolation of virus by tissue cultureIsolation of virus by tissue culture
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Cytopathic EffectCytopathic Effect
diploid cells, early diploid cells, early cpe-125xcpe-125x
Apoptosis induced Apoptosis induced by E1A proteinsby E1A proteins made from 12S & made from 12S &
13S mRNA13S mRNA
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Cytopathic effect on primary rhesus monkey kidney cells
Cytopathic effect on primary rhesus monkey kidney cells
<<early
late>>
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Adenovirus pneumonitisAdenovirus pneumonitis
bronchial occlusionbronchial occlusion
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Adenovirus inclusionsAdenovirus inclusions
Basophilic nuclear inclusions in lung Basophilic nuclear inclusions in lung alveolialveoli
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Nuclear inclusions of AdenovirusNuclear inclusions of Adenovirus