Ninfamaria Arredondo - Walsh

Ninfamaria Arredondo - Walsh Period 1

Zoology

Animal Cellular Structure

Lysosome: An organelle found in animal cells that digests worn- out cellular materials and foreign materials that enter the cell

Microtubule-organizing centers ( with centriole pairs): region of eukaryotic cells such as a centrosome or basal body from which microtubules grow.Microtubules: The largest of the cytoskeletal filaments, microtubules take the form of hollow tubes composed of the protein tubulin. They help give structure to the cell, serve as the "rails" on which transport vesicles move, and form the cellular tensions known as cilia and flagella.

Mitochondrion: Organelles that are the primary sites of energy conversion within eukaryotic cells.

Plasma membrane: A membrane forming the outer boundary of many cells, composed of a phospholipid bilayer interspersed with proteins and cholesterol molecules and coated on its exterior face, with short carb chains associated with proteins and lipids.

Nuclear envelope: The double membrane that lines the nucleus in eukaryotic cells.

Nucleus: A membrane - lined compartment that encloses the primary complement of DNA in eukaryotic cells: linear strands of genetic material, is attached to proteins called histones and is organized into chromosomes.Nucleolus: a rounded refractile body in the nucleus of most cells, which is the site of synthesis of ribosomal RNA, becoming enlarged during periods of synthesis and smaller during quiescent periods; multiple nuceoli occur in some cells. Chromatin: A molecular complex of DNA and its associated proteins that makes up the chromosomes of eukaryotic organisms.Golgi apparatus: one of many small membranous structures found in most cells, composed of various elements associated with the formation of carbohydrates side chains of glycoproteins, mucopolysaccharides, and other substances.Polyribosome (polysome): A cluster of ribosomes connected by strand of mRNA and functioning as a unit in protein synthesis. Vesicle: A bubble- like membranous structure that stores and transports cellular products, and digests metabolic wastes within cell.Free Ribosomes: A ribosome located by itself or in a group in the cytosol, rather than bound to the endoplasmic reticulum; synthesizes soluble cytosolic proteins and most extrinsic membrane proteins. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: A network of membranes with in eukaryotic cells that is the site of the synthesis of various lipids and site at which potentially harmful substances are detoxified.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum: A network of membranes, found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that aids in the processing of proteins.