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EFFICIENT USE OF

SOLAR ENERGY– HOW ??

By

Mr. D.SRRIMANIGHANDAN., B.E1st Year ME-ENERGY ENGG,

PSG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY,

COIMBATORE.

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INTRODUCTION

Renewable energy sor!es "lays an #$"or%an%

role #n ele!%r#!#%y genera%#on&

Energy 'ro$ %(e sn #s %(e bes% o"%#on 'or

ele!%r#!#%y genera%#on as #% #s a)a#lable

e)eryw(ere &

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WHY SOLAR *OWER?

Grow#ng +e$an+ %o '#n+ greener ways %o "ower

%(e worl+&

To $#n#$#,e green(ose gas e$#ss#on&

 Na%ral "ower sor!e w#ll -ee" on s(#n#ng 'or

an es%#$a%e+ . b#ll#on years&

T(ey (a)e "ro+!e+ as $!( energy as #% %oo-

%o $an'a!%re %(e$&

E/"e!%e+ l#'e%#$e o' sys%e$ #s 01234 years

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SOLAR *OWER IN INDIA

Has (#g( solar #nsola%#on&

3144 -$0 area o' T(ar +eser% (as been se% 'or

solar "ower "ro5e!%s %o genera%e 64420744 GW

In 78 NO9 044:; In+#a rea+y %o lan!( #%s solar

$#ss#on n+er NA*CC w#%( "lans %o genera%e

7444

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ANNUAL INSOLATION

W#%( abo% 344 !lear snny +ays #n a year;

#n+#a=s %(eore%#!al solar "ower re!e"%#on #s

abo% 1444 %r#ll#on >Wyr&

Da#ly a)erage solar energy #s . %o 6 >W($0 

w#%( abo% 034423044 sns(#ne (ors "er year&

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*RESENT STATUS

INSTALLED CA*ACITY@

A$on% o' solar energy "ro+!e+ #n In+#a #s 4&. &

Gr#+2#n%era!%#)e solar "ower was $erely 0&70

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No of solar street lighting system 55795

 No o' (o$e l#g(%#ng sys%e$ 3.0B46

Solar lan%ern 1B40:1

Solar "(o%o)ol%a#! "ower "lan% 71BB >W"

Solar wa%er (ea%#ng sys%e$ 7.4 $#ll#on $0 o' !olle!%or area 

o/ %y"e solar !oo-er 161444

Solar "(o%o)ol%a#! "$"s B878

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*9

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AD9ANTAGES OF SOLAR *OWER 

Renewable sor!e&

Sa)es yo $oney&

Less no#se&

 Non2"oll%#ng&

L#%%le $a#n%enan!e&

Easy %o #ns%all&

In+e"en+en%&

 No 'el&

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DISAD9ANTAGES OF SOLAR *OWER 

In#%#al !os% #s (#g(&

Con)ers#on e''#!#en!y #s low&

Re#res large area 'or #ns%alla%#on&

Unrel#able&

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SOLAR *OWER SYSTE< EFFICIENCY

Allows !on)ers#on o' snl#g(% +#re!%ly #n%o

ele!%r#!#%y w#%( %(e !on)ers#on ra%#o o' 71&

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SOLAR *ANEL

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SOLAR CELL

Solar energy electricity byphotovoltaic efect.

Assemblies o cells are !se" to ma#esolar panels, solar mo"!les or

photovoltaic arrays.

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Electricity from Light: How?

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Simple explanation

$hotons in s!nlight hit the solar panelan" are absorbe" by semicon"!ctingmaterials, s!ch as silicon.

Electrons %negatively charge"& are#noc#e" loose rom their atoms,allo'ing them to (o' thro!gh the

material to pro"!ce electricity. An array o solar cells converts solar

energy into a !sable amo!nt o"irect c!rrent %)*& electricity.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon

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  Photo generation of charge carriers

W(en a "(o%on (#%s a "#e!e o' s#l#!on; one o' %(ree

%(#ngs !an (a""en@

%(e "(o%on !an "ass 'or lower energy "(o%ons;

%(e "(o%on !an re'le!% o'' %(e sr'a!e;

%(e "(o%on !an be absorbe+ 2

(#g(er energy "(o%on 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photonhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/solar%20tracker.pptxhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/solar%20tracker.pptxhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/solar%20tracker.pptxhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/solar%20tracker.pptxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon

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H"# $%E S"L$% CELLS &$'E?

S#ngle !rys%al solar !ell #n a "anel

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•*oly!rys%all#ne s#l#!on !ells

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•A$or"(os s#l#!on solar "anel

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HISTORY OF SOLAR CELL

F#rs% solar !ell78832 se$#!on+!%or selen#$

w#%( e/%re$ely %(#n layer o' gol+ %o 'or$

 5n!%#ons e''#!#en!y7&

In 7:1.; bell labora%or#es –se$#!on+!%or +o"e+

w#%( #$"r#%#es was sens#%#)e %o l#g(%$oree''#!#en!y  B&

GaAS solar !ell was 'on+e+ by ASEC 76

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I

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RATING

T(e "ower o%"% o' solar array #s $easre+ #n

wa%%s or -#lowa%%s&

Cal!la%e energy 'or a""l#!a%#on ra%e+ #n wa%%2

(ors; -#lowa%% (ors "er +ay #s o'%en se+&

A""ro/#$a%ely solar array o%"% "ower #s .&8

-w( "er +ay

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SOLAR CELL EFFICIENCY FACTORS

Solar !ell !on)ers#on e''#!#en!y&

T(er$o+yna$#! e''#!#en!y l#$#%&

an%$ e''#!#en!y&

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ENERGY *AYAC> 

Re!o)ery %#$e re#re+ 'or genera%#ng energy

s"en% 'or $an'a!%r#ng&

In $o+ern "(o%o)ol%a#! $o+le #s %y"#!ally 'ro$ 7

%o . years +e"en+#ng on $o+le an+ lo!a%#on&

T(#n '#l$ %e!(nolog#es2 (a)e s(or%er energy

 "ayba!- %#$es %(an !on)en%#onal sys%e$ less

%(an one year

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CURRENT RESEARCH@

S#l#!on "ro!ess#ng&

T(#n '#l$ "ro!ess#ng&

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&o!nting Solar Panels

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FRESNEL LENS

Large a"er%re an+ s(or%er wa)eleng%(&

Less we#g(% an+ less )ol$e o'

$a%er#al re#res 'or !ons%r!%#on&

T(#nner an+ "assage $ore l#g(% %o "ass

o)er&

Fresnel re'le!%ors – solar "ower "lan%&

C(ea"er an+ l#g(%er&

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HYRID *9 *ANELS

Annon!e+ by global war$#ng sol%#ons&

A s"e!#al !oa%#ng w#%( organ#! "oly$er w#ll

#n!rease %(e e''#!#en!y o' solar "anel o' 1

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In+#re!% ra+#a%#on also w#ll be %a-en #n%o

a!!on% along w#%( +#re!% ra+#a%#on&

Goo+ o"%#on 'ro$ an e!ono$#! s%an+"o#n%

w#%( $#n#$al a++#%#onal e/"enses re#re+ 'or

$an'a!%r#ng&

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*HOTON

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Allows !ell %o !a"%re $ore o' solar s"e!%r$

an+ !on)er% #% #n%o ele!%r#!#%y&

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SOLAR

COLLECTORS

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WHY SOLAR COLLECTORS?

S"e!#al -#n+ o' (ea% e/!(angers %(a% %rans'or$s

solar ra+#a%#on energy %o #n%ernal energy o' %(e

%rans"or% $e+#$&

De)#!e w(#!( absorbs %(e #n!o$#ng solar

ra+#a%#on; !on)er%s #% #n%o (ea%; an+ %rans'ers %(#s

(ea% %o a 'l#+ 'low#ng %(rog( %(e !olle!%or&

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FLAT *LATE COLLECTORS

E$"loye+ 'or low %e$"era%re a""l#!a%#ons

" %o 84MC

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*ARAOLIC COLLECTORS

*ro+!e (ea% a% %e$"era%re be%ween 14M C

an+ .44MC 'or solar %(er$al ele!%r#!#%y

genera%#on or "ro!ess (ea% a""l#!a%#ons&

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WITH TRAC>ING

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HELIOSTAT COLLECTORS

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SOLAR

TRAC>INGSYSTE<

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WHAT IS SOLAR TRAC>ER??

Tra!-#ng Sys%e$ %(a% a+5s% "os#%#on o' ")

$o+les %o 'ollow sn %o y#el+ $ore energy&

A solar %ra!-er #s a +e)#!e 'or or#en%#ng a

 "(o%o)ol%a#! "anel or lens %owar+s %(e sn&

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WHY SOLAR TRAC>ER?

Sn=s "os#%#on #n %(e s-y )ar#es

Solar "owere+ e#"$en% wor-s bes% w(en

 "o#n%e+ a% or near %(e sn&

Solar %ra!-er !an #n!rease %(e e''e!%#)eness o'

s!( e#"$en% o)er any '#/e+ "os#%#on&

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SINGLE AIS TRAC>ERS

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DUAL AIS TRAC>ERS

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WHICH ONE IS EST??

T(e ne% energy y#el+ +el#)ere+ by a +al2a/#s #s

'reen%ly los% +e %o

A++#%#onal #ns%alla%#on&

On go#ng $a#n%enan!e !os%s&

Grea% r#s- o' 'a#lre2$ore $o)#ng "ar%s&

Cons#+er#ng %(ese 'a!%ors %(e bes% sol%#on #s %o

a+a"% s#ngle a/#s %ra!-ers&

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INTELLIGENT SOLAR

TRAC>ING SYSTE

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Tra!-#ng !on%rol ar!(#%e!%re

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Tra!-#ng !on%rol 'low !(ar%

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AUTO

*OWER TRAC>ER

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$ea# po'er trac#er--- e+tractingma+im!m po'er rom the solar

mo"!le. M$$ or S$ mo"!le is connecte" to

the loa".

$* controls the M$$ algorithm.  he meas!re" parameters s!ch as

*anel )ol%age&

Crren%&

*ower&

are "isplaye" on monitor o $*.

Nee+ 'or $a #$ $ "o er %ra!-#ng

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 Nee+ 'or $a/#$$ "ower %ra!-#ng

H # b + l# +

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How $a/#$$ "ower !an be +el#)ere+

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GRID CONNECTEDSTANDALONE

SYSTE<

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WATER *U

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SUN TRAC>ERCIRCUIT

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SIER 

CONCLUSION

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CONCLUSION   /hile ossil !els 'ill be the main !els or

thermal po'er, there is a ear that they 'ill gete+ha!ste" event!ally in this cent!ry.

  Rene'able energy is the only energy 'hich

can be replenishe" an" it is the only sol!tions to

solve problems li#e

 

$oll!tion.

2one layer "epletion.

Global 'arming.

3nreliable po'er s!pply.

 

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(H$N) *"+