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 SMART GRID SYSTEMS

  Presented by ,

C.Sainathan,

 09mn10.

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WHAT IS GRID?

 Anelectrical grid is an interconnected network

for delivering electricity from suppliers to

consumers

Grid is a term used for an electricity network

which may support all or some of the following

three distinct operations:

Electricity generation

Electric power transmission

Electricity distribution

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WHAT IS SMART GRID?

 Asmart grid delivers electricity from suppliers

to consumers using two-way digital technology to

control appliances at consumers' homes to save

energy, reduce cost and increase reliability and

transparency.

 A smart grid includes an intelligent monitoring

system that keeps track of all electricity flowing

in the system.

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When power is least expensive a smart grid could

turn on selected home appliances such as

washing machines or factory processes that can

run at arbitrary hours.

 At peak times it could turn off selected

appliances to reduce demand.

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OLD GRID VS SMART GRID

Old Grid

• You call when the power goes out.

• Utility pays whatever it takes to meet peak demand.

• Difficult to manage high Wind and Solar penetration

• Cannot manage distributed generation safely.

• 10% power loss in T&D Smart Grid

• Utility knows power is out and usually restores it

automatically.• Utility suppresses demand at peak. Lowers cost.

• Can manage distributed generation safely.

• Power Loss reduced by 2 %, lowers emissions &customer bills.

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SMART GRID ARCHITECTURE :

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SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES REST

ON FIVE KEY FOUNDATIONAL

ELEMENTS:

Telecom

Connectivity / Integration

Security

Data ManagementStaffing and Process Management

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FEATURES OF SMART GRID:

Load adjustment

Demand response support:  Demand response support allowsgenerators and loads to interact in an automatedfashion in real time, coordinating demand toflatten spikes.

 

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Greater resilience to loading

Decentralization of power generation

Price signaling to consumers:

  During off-peak time the price is reduced

significantly, primarily for heating storage

radiators or heat pumps with a high thermalmass, but also for domestic appliances

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TECHNOLOGY USED IN SMART

GRID:

Integrated communications:

  Integrated communications will

allow for real-time control, information and data

exchange to optimize system reliability, asset

utilization, and security.

Sensing and measurement:

  Core duties are evaluating congestion

and grid stability, monitoring equipment health,

energy theft prevention, and control strategies

support

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Measurement used in smart grid are:

• Advanced microprocessor meters

• Dynamic line rating measurement

•  Electromagnetic signaturemeasurement/analysis

 

•  Advanced switches and cables

•  Digital protective relays

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Smart meter:

  Asmart meter is an advanced

meter (usually an electrical meter) that

identifies consumption in more detail

than a conventional meter; and

optionally, but generally, communicates

that information via some network back

to the local utility for monitoring and

billing purposes

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Phasor measurement units:

  High speed sensors called PMUs distributed

throughout their network can be used to monitor

power quality and in some cases respond

automatically to them.

  A Wide-Area Measurement Systems 

(WAMS) is a network of PMUS that can provide

real-time monitoring on a regional and national

scale.

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 Advanced Components:

First and second generation superconducting

wire High temperature superconducting cable

Distributed energy generation and storage

devices

Composite conductors.

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Resist attack:

  One of the most important issues of resist

attack is the smart monitoring of power grids,

which is the basis of control and management of

smart grids to avoid or mitigate the system-wide

disruptions like blackouts.

High quality power

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 Accommodate generation options:

  As smart grids continue to support

traditional power loads they also seamlessly

interconnect fuel cells, renewables,

microturbines, and other distributed generation

technologies at local and regional levels.

Enable electricity market:

  Significant increases in bulk

transmission capacity will require improvements

in transmission grid management

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Optimize assets:

  A smart grid can optimize capital assets

while minimizing operations and maintenance

costs.

Enable high penetration of intermittent

generation sources:

  Smart Grid technologies will enable power

systems to operate with larger amounts of such

energy resources since they enable both the

suppliers and consumers to compensate for such

intermittency.

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SMART GRID BENEFITS:

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SMART GRID APPLICATIONS

WASA – Wide Area Situational Awareness.

Control systems for self-healing.

SCADA – maintain reliability under failure scenarios.

Performance analysis & troubleshooting/Trend Analysis.

 Automated control of breakers, capacitor banks,voltage regulators, etc.

Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) Devices.

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SMART HOUSE

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2       2       

Smart House

Plug-in hybrid

electric cars

 Added green

power sources

Smart thermostats,appliances and in-

home control devices

Real-time and greenpricing Signals

High-speed,

networked

connections

Customer

interaction with

utility

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  THANK YOU