08 Child Protection Equity.ppt - UN ESCAP · Child Protection in the Sustainable Development Goals...
Transcript of 08 Child Protection Equity.ppt - UN ESCAP · Child Protection in the Sustainable Development Goals...
Technical Working Session on Profiling Equity FocusedInformation
Child Protection
25 June, 2015
Bangkok
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Session Objectives
• To provide an overview of how child protection priorities are captured by global goals in the post‐2015 development agenda
• To provide examples of how equity profiles can contribute to improved knowledge around child protection themes and to identify indicators and data sources to build equity profiles related to those themes
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How was child protection addressed in the Millennium Development Goals?
• Child protection issues were not explicit in any of the Millennium Development Goals
• Although countries have made progress towards many of the Goals, such as reducing child and infant mortality, addressing nutrition and increasing access to quality education, these same countries still struggle to protect children from violence, exploitation and abuse
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Child Protection is visible in the proposed Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
1. Poverty2. Hunger3. Health & Well‐being4. Education5. Gender Equality6. Water & Sanitation7. Energy8. Economic growth 9. Infrastructure &
innovation
10. Inequality11. Safe cities & settlements12. Consumption & production13. Climate change14. Conserve oceans15. Ecosystems16. Peace & Justice17. Partnership
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Child Protection in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote life‐long learning opportunities for allTarget 4.a: build and upgrade education facilities that are child, disability and gender‐sensitive and provide safe, non‐violent, inclusive and effective learning environments for all
Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.Target 5.2:end all forms of violence against women and girls in public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitationTarget 5.3: eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilations
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Child Protection in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Goal 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for allTarget 8.7: take immediate and effective measures to secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labor, eradicate forced labor, and by 2025 end child labor in all its forms including recruitment and use of child soldiers
Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainableTarget 11.7:by 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, particularly for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities
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Child Protection in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Goal 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levelsTarget 16.1: significantly reduce all forms of violence and related deaths everywhereTarget 16.2: end abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence and torture against childrenTarget 16.9: by 2030 provide legal identity for all including birth registration
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• Child labour• Child marriage• Birth registration • Female Genital Cutting• Child disability• Violence against children • Gender‐based violence
Implications for data collection and analysis on child protection issues in the post‐2015 era?
Consensus on definitions Consensus on indicator
calculations Consensus on ethical
standards in data collection
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New measurement of child disability for 2015/2016
• The Washington Group on Disability Statistics (WG) with UNICEF have developed a module on child functioning and disability for use in surveys and censuses to be used from late 2015
• The module covers children between 2 and 17 years of age, and assesses activity limitations in the domains of speech and language, hearing, vision, learning, mobility and motor skills, and emotions.
• A new survey module to measure the school environment and children’s participation in education has also been developed. The module will measure the barriers and facilitators to education by children with/without disabilities.
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Mining the child protection data that is available
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‐ Globally, the births of nearly 230 million children under age five have never been recorded.
‐ Birth registration in South Asia stands at 39 percent
Birth Registration: Passport to Protection
CRC: Article 7: “the child shall be registered immediately after birth”
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Lao ‐ Children living in household where the household headspeak Lao
Lao ‐ Children living in household where the household headspeaks Khamu, Mong and other languages
Turkey ‐ Children of households speaking Turkish
Turkey ‐ Children of households speaking Kurdish
Vietnam ‐ Kinh/Chinese
Vietnam ‐ Other ethnic groups
Georgia ‐ Georgian children
Georgia ‐ Non‐Georgian children (Azerbaijani, Armenian andothers)
Suriname ‐ Children of households speaking Dutch
Suriname ‐ Children of households speaking an indigenouslanguage
Differentials by Ethnicity/Language
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Percent distribution of children under age 5 whose births are registered by whether or not they have a certificate in selected countries
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Percentage distribution of children under age five whose births are not registered by a mothers/caregivers knowledge of how to register a child
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Which children are being deprived the right to an identity?
Indicators
Birth registration of under 5 year old children
Ownership of a birth certificate (of those registered)
Mothers/caretakers of unregistered children who do not know how to register a birth
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Understanding the associations between birth registration and other outcomes
Associations?
Birth registration and vaccinations
Birth registration and attendance in early childhood development/ school enrolment
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Conventional data sources for measuring child marriage
• Civil registration and vital statistics
• Population censuses?
• Household surveys• Provides information on background characteristics of children who are not registered.
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Child Marriage
• South Asia has the highest rates of child marriage in the world.
• In South Asia, 72 percent of women age 20‐24 living in the poorest households are married before the age of 18 compared to only 18 percent of the same age women living in the richest households.
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TRENDS IN CHILD MARRIAGE: South Asia
Source: UNICEF global databases, 2014, based on DHS, MICS and other nationally representative surveys 2005‐ 2013.
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Profiling who is at risk of child marriage?
IndicatorsMarriage before age 15
Marriage before age 18
Young women age 15‐19 years currently married or in union
Global Definition:Number of women age 15‐49 years who were first married or in union before age 15
Number of women age 20‐49 years who were first married or in union before age 18
Caution ‐ We only know where women are now and not where they came from!Trend analysis sometimes provides evidence of marriage underreporting of young women.
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Understanding the associations between child marriage and other outcomes
Associations?
Child marriage and school attendance
Child marriage and early child bearing
Child marriage and access to reproductive health services
Child marriage and attitudes or experience of domestic violence
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Possible data sources for looking at child marriage
• Population census• Household surveys
• Civil registration and vital statistics?• Surveillance systems, sample registration systems?
1. Identify a child protection theme that is an issue in your country context
2. Identify measurement indicators, possible associations and the stratifiers.
3. Is data available on these indicators across any of the data sources?
4. What are the gaps in data and metadata?
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Steps for the practical session: part 1
1. Establish information
needs
2. Conceptualize information
needs
3. Compile data
4. Data analysis
5. Communicate with users
1. Prepare the equity profile around this theme, from available and relevant indicators
2. Report back at plenary on selected themes, challenges and progress in developing profiles
3. Present draft equity profile during country presentations on Friday
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Steps for the practical session: part 2
1. Establish information
needs
2. Conceptualize information
needs
3. Compile data
4. Data analysis
5. Communicate with users