07 It Application01 Intro
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INFORMATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY
APPLICATIONS IN APPLICATIONS IN CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION
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Construction ProcessConstruction ProcessWhole life cycle of a building
from conception, to design, construction and maintenance
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RIBA Plan of WorkRIBA Plan of Work
The RIBA Plan of Work is a robust process protocol which describes the activities from appraising the clients requirements through to post construction
It is recognised throughout the construction industry as a model framework for running a job - it assists in the management of projects and is a basis for office procedures
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RIBA Plan of WorkRIBA Plan of WorkRIBA (Royal Institute of British
Architect) Plan of Work process protocol describes the construction in 11 stages:
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Construction ProcessConstruction Process1. Appraisal:
◦ identification of client’s requirements and possible constraint for the development
◦ Preparation of studies for client to decide whether to proceed and to select probable procurement method
2. Strategic briefing◦ By or on behalf of client confirming key
requirements and constraints◦ Identification of procedures, org.
structures, range of consultants and others to be engaged for projects
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Construction ProcessConstruction Process
3. Outline proposal◦ Commence development of
strategic brief into full project brief◦ Preparation of outline proposal and
estimate of cost review of procurement
4. Detailed proposal◦ Complete development of project
brief◦ Preparation of detail proposal
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Construction ProcessConstruction Process5. Final proposal
◦ Preparation of final proposal for the project sufficient for co-ordination of all components and elements of the project
6. Production information◦ Production info to enable tender to
be obtain◦ Production info required under
building contract
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Construction ProcessConstruction Process7. Tender documentation
◦ Preparation and collation of tender documentation
8. Tender action◦ Identification and evaluation of potential
contractors/ specialists for the construction of project
◦ Obtaining and appraising tenders and submission of recommendations to the client
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Construction ProcessConstruction Process
9. Mobilisation◦ Appointing the contractor◦ Arranging site handover to the
contractor
10. Construction to practical completion
◦ Administration of the building contract up to and including practical completion
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Construction ProcessConstruction Process
11. After practical completion◦ Administration of the building
contract after practical completion◦ Making final inspections and
settling the final account
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Construction ProcessConstruction Process 11 stages can be divided into 5
phases:1. Requirement analysis
◦ Incl. Appraisal and Strategic Briefing
2. Design phase◦ Incl. Outline proposals, Detailed
proposals, Final proposals, Production of Information
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Construction ProcessConstruction Process3. Tendering phase
◦ Incl. Tender Documentation and tender action stages
4. Construction phase◦ Incl. Mobilisation and Construction
to Practical Completion 5. Maintenance
◦ Covers the After Practical Completion
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Construct IT Bridging the Construct IT Bridging the GapGap
Software applications are available to support most aspects of a construction
project… (DoE, 1995)
Department of Environment. (1995). Construct IT Bridging the Gap, An Information Technology Strategy for the UK Construction Industry. Department of Environment. UK
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IT ApplicationsIT ApplicationsA list of 1650 programs from over
500 software houses for use in the design, construction and maintenance of building (CICA, 2003)
CICA. (2003). Software Directory. Construction Industry Computing Association (CICA). www.cica.org.uk
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IT ApplicationsIT Applications
Can be classified into six categorised:1. Business and Information Management2. Computer Aided Design and
Visualisation3. Building Engineering Applciations4. Computer Aided Cost Estimating5. Planning, Scheduling, Site Management6. Computer Aided Facilities Management
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““Roadmap” of IT Applications Roadmap” of IT Applications in Constructionin Construction
SharedProject
Database
Requirements
Desig
n
Tendering
Con
structio
n
Mainte
nanc
e
Business and Information
Management
CAD and Visualisation
Computer Aided Cost Estimating
Building Engineering Applications
Planning, Scheduling,
Site Management
Computer Aided Facilities Management
Integration
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In BriefIn Brief
1. Business and Information Management
Common type of information incl: site survey, cost analysis, design drawings, specification, regulations, BoQ, project planning, job costing and estimate etc
The info is presented in a range of paper drawings, documents, correspondence, fax, computer files or emails
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In BriefIn Brief
1. Business and Information Management
E.g. Electronic Document Management (EDM) System creates environment within which disparate forms of information can be linked together to achieve easy access and control
Collaborative Working System
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In BriefIn Brief
2. Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
CAD widely used by design professionals
Popular CAD packages: Microstation; ArchiCAD; MiniCAD; FastCAD etc
Replaced traditional drawing board Basic function: allowing users to
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In BriefIn Brief
2. Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
Basic function: allowing users to build up drawings by manipulating lines, circles, rectangles and text interactively on the screen
Or even provide graphical libraries of commonly used building elements such as doors, windows etc (AutoCAD Architectural Desktop)
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In BriefIn Brief
3. Building Engineering Applications Clients want their buildings to look
good visually, to be safe structurally, to provide comfortable living environments for their occupants and to consume less energy in operation etc
To simulate accurately the building’s performance at the design stage so that problems can be identified and solved
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In BriefIn Brief
3. Building Engineering Applications To predict building performance in
thermal, lighting, acoustic and structural aspects
Application for energy analysis, HVAC design, structural analysis, lighting simulation
Allow designers to evaluate alternative design solutions in order to reach optimum design
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In BriefIn Brief
4. Computer Aided Cost Estimating Allow project managers to perform
estimation and to keep track of project spending
Assist in quantity take-off by helping estimator to measure, count, compute and tabulate quantities, lengths, areas, volumes etc of objects found in plans and specs.
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In BriefIn Brief
5. Planning, Scheduling, Site Management
On-site operation is mainly physical work
Requires careful planning and skillful management of human and physical resources
Can assist on-site managers to plan ahead, evaluate different options, adopt and execute the most efficient construction operations
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In BriefIn Brief
5. Planning, Scheduling, Site Management
Incl: ◦ Drawing receipts and distribution◦ Subcontractor procurement◦ Issue of instruction◦ Change control◦ Outstanding works and defects
E.g. Microsoft Project, Primavera
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In BriefIn Brief
6. Computer Aided Facilities Management
FM is a new discipline emerged in the early 1980s
Recognise the importance of building operation and maintenance and the impact to life cycle cost of a building
Building layout, asset management, online reporting are part of this
E.g: Archibus, CMMS, CAFM
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In BriefIn Brief
7. Integration Different IT application developed by
different IT vendors They used their own formats which
are not compatible with each other As a result, data cannot be
exchanged electronically between them
Increasing need for integration E.g Gallicon