PRESENT STATUS, EXPERIENCE

AND PROBLEMS OF

SRI IN TRIPURA STATE

NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SRI

17 and 18th November’2006

Hyderabad, India

Baharul Islam Majumdar

TRIPURA REQUIREMENTS OF FOODGRAINS BY 2010

Year Projected Population

(in Lakhs)

Food Grain

Requirement

(Mt, in Lakhs)

2006-07 34.89 7.87

2007-08 35.40 7.98

2008-09 35.92 8.09

2009-10 36.44 8.22

Strategy to Attain Self- Sufficiency

• Rice is regarded as the growth engine of the state economy

• Crop management strategy = SRI

• Varietal technology = Hybrid Rice

SRI Research Activities

• Initiated in the year 1999-2000, in the boro season by B. Majumdar

• SRI adaptability evaluated under agro-climatic conditions of Tripura from 1999-2000 until 2001-02 (5 seasons covering both kharif and boro) – high rainfall area (2500 mm ave. or more)

Demonstration and TrainingDemonstrations taken up in farmers’

fields from kharif season 2002-2003• 2002-03 – 44 farmers -@ 0.2 ha• 2003-04 – 88 farmers @ 0.2 ha• 2004-05 – 440 farmers @ 0.4 ha• 2005-06 – 880 farmers @ 0.4 ha• 2006-07 – 31,620 farmers @ 0.2 ha

in kharif/aman season, • With target for boro/rabi season of

52,105 farmers (many are the same)

Area Coverage in Kharif, 2006-07, by districts

District Target

in Ha

Achievement

in Ha

Percentage achieved

West 2,340 1,912 81.7%

South 3,370 2,794 82.9%

Dhalai 350 657* 187.8%

North 2,080 961 46.2%

Total 8,140 6,324 77.7%

Targets for Boro/Rabi Season2006-07 (Area in Ha)

District Target Spill- over

from kharif

Additional requirement

Total

Target for boro

West 4,060 428 - 4,488

South 2,825 576 700 4,101

Dhalai 850 - - 850

North 870 1119 - 1,989

Total 8,605 2123 700 11,428

NURSERY MANAGEMENT

SOIL 75%

COW DUNG / FYM 20%

RICE HULL / HUSK (BURNED) 5%

SOIL+COW DUNG+RICE HULL / BURNED HUSK MIXTURE

- 1.5 to 2 cm THICK LAYER ON TOP OF THE RAISED NURSERY BED

RAISED NURSERY BED

AFTER SOWING OF SPROUTED SEEDS, SEED BED SHALL BE COVERED BY THIN LAYER OF SOIL MIXTURE

NURSERY BED SHALL BE COVERED BY PADDY STRAW

FOR 2 DAYS

INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE USED

TO SAVE NURSERY FROM BIRDS

ITK TO SAVE NURSERY FROM BIRDS

CROSS SECTION OF NURSERY BED

SOIL AND TOP LAYER OF MIXTURE OF

SOIL + COW DUNG + RICE HULL

TRANSPLANTING

Transplanting 8-12 days old seedling

Transplant seedlings within 30 minutes after uprooting from nursery bed without giving any transplanting shock to the seedlings

Root of the seedling shall not be bent upward like J, it shall be like L

One seedling per hill

10-day-old Nursery

Seedling 10 days old

Careful transportation of seedlings to the main field

Uprooting of young seedlings without any trauma, and transplanting them into the main field within 30 minutes

Method-I

Uprooting of young seedlings without any trauma and

transplanting them in the main field within 30 minutes

Method-II

Uprooting of young seedling without any trauma and transplanting themn the main field within 30 minutes – locally-devised method of transport

Method-III

DEPTH OF TRANSPLANTING1-2 cm only

Differences in shape of roots after transplanting – should be like a J

J L

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Deeper transplanting significantly reduces the number of tillers

Comparative photograph of

20 DAT plants

ONE SEEDLING PER HILL

Labour-intensive ??necessary at first

SPACING

25 x 25 cm row to row

and

25 x 25 cm plant to plant

LEVELLING OF THE MAIN FIELD

SPACING MAINTENANCE THROUGH LOW-COST DEVICE DEVELOPED BY FARMERS

Husband-wife team developed this spacing implement made from bamboo

Principles of nutrient management

• Feed the soil to feed the plant, rather than feeding the plant.

• Empower the soil biologically, by increasing the populations of micro-organisms in the soil

Nutrient Management• Organic manure/ FYM / Oil cake• Green manure / Leaf Manure• Bio-Fertilizer• Compost / Vermicompost• Crop residue management / Paddy

straw• 25 % of present recommended dose of

chemical fertilizer• No top dressing of chemical fertilizers

at any stage of the crop

WATER MANAGEMENT

Necessary under rainfed as well as irrigated conditions

No standing water at the

time of transplanting. In muddy soil, space is left for drainage, with drain created during first weeding at 10-12 DAT

Drainage Channel in the Main Field

12 days after irrigation / watering

Drainage channel -- 25 cm wide and 25 cm deep

60 DAT -- 65 tillersper hill / per plantMTU 7029

75 DAT 80 tillersper hill/

per plant

MTU 7029

No standing water near the base of the plant, no hindrance to the aeration

NO STANDING WATER, NO HYPOXIC SOIL CONDITIONS

WEED MANAGEMENT

• Minimize any weed - crop competition

• Maximize aerobic condition in the field

Weeding schedule:

3 weedings at an interval of

10 -12 days1st weeding

shall be done 10-12 DAT

YIELD

On an average, we are getting 2mt /ha more than the present system of farmers’ practice in the farmers’ fields under our Tripura conditions

YIELD CONTRIBUTING FACTORS:

NUMBER OF TILLERS PER PLANT

NUMBER OF PANICLES PER PLANT

NUMBER OF GRAINS PER PANICLE

LENGTH OF PANICLES

NUMBER OF FILLED GRAINS PER PANICLE

Counting of tillers by the farmer

Variety : Pooja

Variety : Pooja

Variety-wise Yield HYV Average

yield: conv.

method (t/ha)

Average yield:

SRI

method (t/ha)

No. of demos in farmers’

fields

(0.40 ha)

Joya 3.4 - 3.8 5.5 - 6.2 37

Krishna Hamsha

3.8 - 4.5 6.4 - 6.8 134

Satabdi 3.0 - 3.5 4.8 - 5.4 46

Swati 3.75 - 4.25 5.8 - 6.25 30

HYV Average yield: conv.

method (t/ha)

Average yield:

SRImethod (t/ha)

No. of demos in farmers’

fields(0.40 ha)

IR 64 4.5 - 5.0 7.2 - 7.6 192

MTU7029 4.5 - 5.5 7.2 - 8.5 183

NDR 359 4.3 - 5.2 6.5 - 7.2 73

NDR 97 2.5 - 3.0 4.6 - 5.0 64

POOJA 4.8 - 5.2 7.4 - 8.2 124

HYBRIDS VARIETIES

HYBRID Average yield: conv.

method (t/ha)

Average yield:

SRI

method (t/ha)

No. of demos in farmers’

fields

(0.40 ha)

DRRH-1 6.0 - 6.5 7.6 - 8.1 19

KRH-2 6.5 - 7.0 8.2 - 8.7 35

PHB 71 6.5 - 7.0 8.1 - 8.5 28

SHEYADRI 6.2 - 6.8 7.2 - 7.8 15

Variety-wise Yields with SRI

Local Average yield: conv.

method (t/ha)

Average yield:

SRImethod

(t/ha)

No. of demos in farmers’ fields (0.40 ha)

Local varieties

2.0 - 3.0 3.8 - 4.3 37

Local scented varieties

1.5 - 2.0 3.1 - 3.4 12

PROBLEMS

• Weeding*

• Water control*

• Labour intensity*

• Sustainable soil fertility management ???

THANK

YOU

ALL

SIR