06-Sundyne Presentation Fs Seals

PROCESS MECHANICAL PROCESS MECHANICAL SEALSSEALS

STATIC AND DYNAMIC SEALS

• DEFINITIONS

• MECHANICAL AND GAS SEAL

• IDENTIFYING SEAL PROBLEMS

• SEAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL

STATIC SEAL DEFINITION

• O-rings Elastomers

• O-rings Graphite, Teflon®, Kalrez®...

• Gaskets Flexitallic®…

• Not very effective with relative motion between adjacent surfaces.

• More details in O-ring section

SEAL DEFINITION

Used where there is relative motion between adjacent surfaces

Mechanical seals

Lip and labyrinth seals

Circumferential seals

ALL SEALS MUST LEAK

SEAL CAVITY PRESSURE

BETWEEN IMPELLER AND SEAL FACE

HIGHER THAN SUCTION AND LOWER THAN DISCHARGE PRESSURE

SOMEWHAT HIGHER WITH INDUCER

MUCH HIGHER THAN SUCTION ON FULL EMISSION

APPROXIMATELY 70% OF DISCHARGE PRESSURE


PARTIAL EMISSION PUMPS


FULL EMISSION PUMPS


SEAL CAVITY PRESSURE IMPORTANT FOR SEAL SELECTION

CALCULATED VALUE ON SPECIFICATION SHEET

ACTUAL VALUE MAY BE SOMEWHAT DIFFERENT

CAVITY PRESSURE CONTROLLED BY SPEED, FLOW, IMPELLER AND INDUCER

WITH INDUCER

WITHOUT INDUCER

FLOW - GPM

SEA

L C

AV

ITY

PR

ES

SU

RE R

ISE

TYPICAL CURVE SHAPE FORSEAL CAVITY PRESSURE RISE vs. FLOWRATE

(FOR ILLUSTRATION ONLY)S

EA

L C

AV

ITY

PR

ES

SU

RE R

ISE

WITH INDUCER

WITHOUT INDUCER

SPEED - RPM

TYPICAL CURVE SHAPE FORSEAL CAVITY PRESSURE RISE vs. SPEED

(FOR ILLUSTRATION ONLY)

EFFECTS OF FLOW AND SPEED ON SEAL CAVITY PRESSURE

MECHANICAL SEAL CROSS SECTION

STATIONARY FACECARBON

ROTATING FACE(TUNGSTEN CARBIDE)

RETAINER

SPRINGS

SECONDARY SEALTEFLON WEDGE OR

O-RING

PRIMARY SEAL(SEAL INTERFACE)

aca o

Mechanical Seal Cross Section

PROCESS MECHANICAL SEALS

SEALS ARE BALANCED

Mathematical definition b=Ac/Ao

“EXTERNALLY” PRESSURIZED : HIGHER PRESSURE AT NOSE O.D

HARD FACE ROTATES

FLEXIBLE ELEMENT IS STATIONARY

API 682

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SEAL

“PRIMARY” RELATES TO INTERFACE OF NOSE AND ROTATING FACE

“SECONDARY” RELATES TO O-RING OR WEDGE RING

PRIMARY SEAL INSPECTED WHEN PROBLEMS ARISE

SECONDARY SHOULD ALSO BE CAREFULLY INSPECTED

SEAL TYPE AND ARRANGEMENT

ROTATING FACE IN A SUNDYNE IS THE HARD FACE

SEAL NOSE IS STATIONARY PART

CONTRARY TO PRACTICE IN MOST CENTRIFUGALS

SEAL TYPE CATEGORIZED 8AB, 9AB OR BELLOWS

9AB=WEDGE RING8AB=O-RING

SEAL FACE MATERIALS

CARBON VS TUNGSTEN CARBIDE. BY FAR MOST COMMON

OTHER MATERIALS SUCH AS SiC AVAILABLE

RA = PURBIDE 658RC OR EQUIV

RW = P-75 EXTREME CORROSIVE. ie HF

RH = P-87 HOT WATER>300F

ROTATING FACE MATERIALS

RE = TUNGSTEN CARBIDE WITH COBALT- WIDE RANGE USE

RJ = TUNGSTEN CARBIDE WITH NICKEL- WATER, AMMONIA AND OTHERS

DISCLAIMER

THE SEAL ARRANGEMENTS MENTIONED AND DISPLAYED WITHIN THIS SECTION ARE CONSIDERED TO BE STANDARD

THERE ARE VARIATIONS TO THESE ARRANGEMENTS WHICH MAY BE APPLICABLE, BUT NOT MENTIONED

SUNDSTRAND IS CONTINUALLY ENGINEERING NEW SEAL TECHNOLOGY

ARRANGEMENTS

SINGLE

TANDEM - DUAL UNPRESSURIZED –

DOUBLE

EASILY CHANGED

ACCOMMODATE CHANGE OF OPERATING CONDITIONS OR SERVICE

SINGLE SEAL

MOST SIMPLE OPTION , LEAST EXPENSIVE OPTION

CLEAN PROCESS, CLEAN FLUSH OR SEPARATOR NEEDED

THROTTLE BUSHING STANDARD - DIRECTS LEAKAGE TO DRAIN PORTS, NEEDED WHEN QUENCH OR PURGE IS USED

SINGLE SEAL

GEARBOX SEAL

THROTTLE BUSHING

PROCESS SEAL

GEARBOX MATING RING

PROCESS SEAL

MATING RING

SINGLE SEAL

SINGLE SEAL

SLINGERSLEEVEASSEMBLYTHROTTLE

BUSHING

SPRING

WEDGE RING

STATIONARYFACE

ROTATINGFACE

TANDEM SEALS - DUAL UNPRESSURIZED -

USE WHEN PRESSURE EXCEEDS SINGLE CAPABILITY, OR TO MEET EMISSION STANDARDS

PROVIDE SHUTDOWN SIGNAL OR A BACK-UP SEAL

API PLAN 52 OR 53 BUFFER SYSTEM WITH LIQUID SEAL

(except if upper seal is gas seal in case of volatile components)

OPTIONAL UPPER GAS SEAL ARRANGEMENT ELIMINATES NEED FOR API 52 BUFFER SYSTEM

PRESSURIZE WET END (PUMP) FIRST, THEN SEAL

GEARBOX SEAL

UPPER SEAL

LOWER SEAL

GEARBOX MATING RING

UPPER SEAL

MATING RING

LOWER SEAL

MATING RING


TANDEM SEAL

STATIONARYFACE

ROTATINGFACE

ROTATINGFACE

LOWERSHAFTSLEEVE

UPPERSHAFTSLEEVE


TANDEM SEALS On site case

DOUBLE SEALS- DUAL PRESSURIZED -

CLEAN FLUSH NOT AVAILABLE, PROCESS FLUID CONTAMINATED

HAZARDOUS/TOXIC PROCESS - NO OVERBOARD LEAKAGE TOLERATED

MINUTE BUFFER LEAKAGE INTO PROCESS

COMMON ROTATING FACE

API PLAN 53 PRESSURIZED BARRIER SYSTEM.(2-3BAR>SCP)

PRESSURIZE BUFFER FIRST, THEN WET END (PUMP)

GEARBOX SEAL

UPPER SEAL

LOWER SEAL

GEARBOX MATING RING

PROCESS SEALS

MATING RING


DOUBLE SEAL

STATIONARYFACE

SPACER

ROTATINGFACE

LOWERSHAFTSLEEVE

UPPERSHAFTSLEEVE


DOUBLE SEALSON SITE CASE

API 53B PROVIDED

CUSTOMER SUCTION PRESSURE = ± 10 Barg

BUFFER RECOMMANDED PRESSURE = 40 Barg

PROCESS LINED UP FIRST IN THE PUMP CASING AND THEN PRESSURIZING BUFFER POT

SEALS ARE NOT ABLE TO RETAIN BUFFER LIQUID. WHY?

SHAFT SLEEVES

• ALL SUNDYNE UNITS FEATURE DRY SHAFT DESIGN

• TORQUING OF IMPELLER IS MOST IMPORTANT

• SLEEVES- CORROSION RESISTANT MATERIAL. SEALED AT BOTH ENDS WITH O-RINGS. NO PROCESS FLUID ON SHAFT

• AXIAL COMPRESSION OF SLEEVES, MATING RINGS AND IMPELLER

• SLEEVE ENDS MUST BE PARALLEL AND FLAT

SHAFT SLEEVES

SURFACE PLATE

DIALINDICATORAND BASE

PARALLELWITHIN

0.005 MM.

SHAFTROTATING FACEG.BOX OIL SEAL

SLEEVE

ROTATING FACE(OUTBOARD)

ROTATING FACE(INBOARD)

IMPELLERINDUCER

WHAT IS WRONG WITH THIS PICTURE?

HIGH-SPEED SHAFT ASSEMBLY

WHAT IS RIGHT ?

NO ‘O’-RING BETWEEN HSS AND GEARBOX SEALROTATING FACE

YES, ‘O’-RINGS ARE INSTALLEDBETWEEN ALL OTHERS HS

ASSEMBLY STACK UP PARTS

GAS SEALS

SIMILAR TO PUMP SEALS- FIT THE SAME ENVELOPE

BALANCED SEALS

DIVIDED INTO LOW AND HIGH PRESSURE TYPES

SPRINGS MAY BE NESTED COIL OR GARTER

SPRING FORCE IS 25% OF WHAT IT IS IN PUMP SEALS

GAS SEALS

ALL HAVE SOME FORM OF LIFT-OFF PAD OR SCROLL TO PROVIDE GAS FILM LUBRICATION

ACTUALLY A CONTROLLED LEAKAGE DEVICE. MUST LEAK IN ORDER TO PERFORM SATISFACTORILY

SPIRAL GROOVEGAS SEAL

GAS SEALS

NEVER APPLY LUBRICANT TO GAS SEALS

KEEP FINGERS OFF THE SEAL FACES!

MAKE SURE SLEEVES ARE PARALLEL AND FLAT

CHECK FREEDOM OF SEAL NOSE IN RETAINER. SPRING LOAD IS VERY LOW. NOSE MUST BE FREE

IDENTIFYING SEAL PROBLEMS

THERMAL DISTORTION(Positive Rotation)

HSS

Seal Cavity

Buffer Cavity

Leak Paths

FLATNESS

1"1"

POINT OFCONTACT*

POINT OFCONTACT*

The light bands are curved. The curve is one whole light band in one inch so the flatness is in error 11.6 millionths of an inch (.295mm) in one inch (25µm) length. Since the lines curve toward the point of contact the surface is concave.

The light band curve shows two light bands between the end of the arc and the crown which means this part is out of flat 23.2 millionths of an inch (.589 µm). Since the lines curve away from the point of contact the surface is convex two light bands in one inch or four light bands in two inches, six light bands in six inches, etc. In other words the error of the light band is directly proportional to the length.

FULL CONTACT PATTERNSecondary seal leak?

MATING RING PRIMARY RING

CONTACTPATTERN

CONING

POSSIBLEEDGECHIPPING

HEAVY TO MODERATECONTACTNO CONTACT

SIMILARPATTERN ONPRIMARY RING

DEFLECTION OF PRIMARY RING DUE TO PRESSURE

POSSIBLEEDGECHIPPING

HEAVY TO MODERATECONTACT

NO CONTACTSIMILARPATTERN ONPRIMARY RING

DEFLECTION OF MATING OR PRIMARY RING DUE TO TEMPERATURE

THERMAL DISTORTION(Positive Rotation)

MECHANICAL DISTORTION

NO CONTACT

HIGH SPOTS

POSSIBLE EROSION OF THE PRIMARY RING (WIRE DRAWING) IF ALLOWED TOREMAIN STATIONARY

POSSIBLE EROSION OF THE PRIMARY RING(WIRE BRUSHING) IF ALLOWED TO ROTATE. OUT-OF-FLAT MATING SURFACE WILL CAUSE DIRT TO ENTER THE SEAL AREA

EXCELLENT CONDITIONAFTER SHORT STATICAND DYNAMIC TESTS

HIGH WEAR OR THERMALLY DISTRESSED SURFACE

SURFACE CRACKSREFERRED TO ASHEAT CHECKING

POSSIBLE EDGECHIPPING ON OD AND ID

POSSIBLEWEAR AT DRIVENOTCHES

PATCHES OF THERMALLY DISTRESSED SURFACES

GOOD CONTACTPATTERN

DISTRESSED SURFACEOR HOT SPOT

POSSIBLE WEAR ATDRIVE NOTCHES

HIGH WEAR AND GROOVING

DEPTH OF GROOVE

FULL CONTACT PATTERN

POSSIBLE EDGE CHIPPING OF SOFT CARBON PRIMARY RINGS. EDGES WILL BE ROUNDED FOR HARD MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION LIKE TUNGSTEN CARBIDE

POSSIBLE WEARAT DRIVE NOTCHES

OUT OF SQUARE MATING RING

HIGHLY POLISHED AREA POSSIBLE. SLIGHTLY WIDER CONTACT

AREA ON MATING RING

WEAR ATDRIVENOTCHES

WIDE CONTACT PATTERN

WIDER THAN WIDTH OFPRIMARY RING FACE

WEAR ATDRIVENOTCHES

SEAL RETAINER INSPECTION

INSPECTFOR WEAR

SPRINGS

SECONDARY SEAL BACKUP DISC

INSPECT FOR RUBS

CHECK ANTI-ROTATION PIN FOR WEAR

CHECK SEAL RETAINER CAREFULLY.

CENTER POST, SECONDARY CONTACT AREA, RETAINER I.D., SPRINGS AND ETC.

WORKING HEIGHT

Working height

SEAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL

VERY IMPORTANT PART OF SEALING SYSTEM

ALL SEALS MUST LEAK !!!

PSC

PB

A B

PRESSURE DROP OVER MECHANICAL SEAL

API PLANS

• IMPORTANT TO CREATE A SEAL ENVIRONMENT THAT IS:

• COOL

• CLEAN

• LUBRICATING

• WITHIN PRESSURE CAPABILITY OF SEAL

• PROCESS COMPATIBLE

API PLANS

Insure seal system is properly installed and functioning

See API Plan Schematics in The SEAL BULLETIN

API flush, buffer, cooling plans should be properly handled at manufacturing and installation

GEARBOX SEAL

UPPER SEAL

PROCESS SEAL

GEARBOX

DRAIN CAVITY

BUFFER CAVITY

SEAL CAVITY

PUMP SUCTION

PUMP DISCHARGE

PORT 1

PORT 2

PORT 6

PORT 7

PORT 5

PORT DESIGNATION

311 / 3311: DRAIN2: BUFFER OUT3: COOLING MANTEL IN4: COOLING MANTEL OUT5: SEAL CAVITY (IN)6: SEAL CAVITY (OUT)7: BUFFER IN

3221: DRAIN2: BUFFER IN3: N/A4: N/A5: SEAL CAVITY (IN)6: SEAL CAVITY (OUT)7: BUFFER OUT

API PLAN 11

DISCHARGE

65

1

7 2

SUCTION

DRAIN CAVITY

GEARBOX

BUFFER CAVITY

SEAL CAVITYPROCESS SEAL

UPPERSEAL

GEARBOX SEAL

FLUSH INTO PORT 5 OR 6

API PLAN 11

API PLAN 21

DISCHARGE

65

1

7 2

SUCTION

DRAIN CAVITY

GEARBOX

BUFFER CAVITY

SEAL CAVITY

PROCESS SEAL

UPPERSEAL

GEARBOX SEALAPI PLAN

21 COOLED FLUSH INTO PORT

5 OR 6

API PLAN 13

DISCHARGE

65

1

7 2

SUCTION

DRAIN CAVITY

GEARBOX

BUFFER CAVITY

SEAL CAVITY

PROCESS SEAL

UPPER SEAL

GEARBOX SEALAPI PLAN 13

API PLAN 31

SUCTION

DISCHARGE

65

1

7 2

DRAIN CAVITY

GEARBOX

BUFFER CAVITY

SEAL CAVITY

PROCESS SEAL

UPPER SEAL


RECIRCULATION FROM PUMP CASING (INTERNAL CYCLONE SEPARATOR)

LMV 801, 311, 331

API PLAN 31

API PLAN 41

DISCHARGE

65

1

7 2

SUCTION

DRAIN CAVITY

GEARBOX

BUFFER CAVITY

SEAL CAVITY

PROCESS SEAL

UPPER SEAL


API PLAN 52

DISCHARGE

65

1

72

SUCTION

DRAIN CAVITY

GEARBOX

BUFFER CAVITY

SEAL CAVITY

PROCESS SEAL

UPPER SEAL

GEARBOX SEAL

API PLAN 52

ADDITIONAL COOLINGIMPROVES

THERMOSYPHONEFFECT (OPTIONAL)

API PLAN 53

DISCHARGE

65

1

72

SUCTION

DRAIN CAVITY

GEARBOX

BUFFER CAVITY

SEAL CAVITY

PROCESS SEAL

UPPER SEAL

GEARBOX SEAL

ADDITIONAL COOLINGIMPROVES THERMOSYPHON

EFFECT (OPTIONAL)

API PLAN 53

RECIRCULATION FROM PRESSURIZED OR UN-PRESSURIZED RESERVOIR TO SEAL HOUSINGWITH PROCESS COMPATIBLE BUFFER FLUID

(THERMOSYPHON/FORCED CIRCULATION WITH ROTATING SEAL FACE)

API PLANS 52 & 53

SLOPING LINES

AVOID ELBOWS

LIQUID TO ENTER BUFFER VESSEL IN LIQUID SIDE

PROPERLY SIZED LINES

SELECT PROPER PUMP CONNECTION PORTS

API PLAN 52/53REQUIREMENTS

DRAIN PORT CONNECTIONS

TO FLARE

OIL DRAIN

Discharge

65

1

72

Suction

DRAIN CAVITY

GEARBOX

BUFFER CAVITY

SEAL CAVITY

PROCESS SEAL

UPPER SEAL

GEARBOX SEAL

TO FLARE

OIL DRAIN

DISCHARGE

65

1

72

SUCTION

DRAIN CAVITY

GEARBOX

BUFFER CAVITY

SEAL CAVITY

PROCESS SEAL

UPPER SEAL

GEARBOX SEAL

COMBINATION OF PLANS

TYPICAL SEALS CONFIGURATIONS

Serial number Item number Duty ModelSeal

configurationLower seal Upper seal

O-ring material

D-870217-1-A/B 14-G-022/S Wash water LMV-311 Single SE04AA47R 11 61 UDD-870217-3-A/B 15-G-020/S Lean Amine LMV-311 Dual Pressurized SE04AA47R SE04AA48P 53 UDD-870217-4-A/B 15-G-021/S Slop oil LMV-322 Dual Pressurized SE04AA12T SE04AA18S 53 UCD-870217-6-A/B 402-G-004_A/B Wash water LMV-322 Single SE04AA12A 11 61 UCD-870217-8-A/B 409-G-004_A/B Wash water LMV-322 Single SE04AA12A 11 61 UCD-870217-10-A/B 413-G-003_A/B Hydrocarbon LMV-322 Dual UnpressurizedSE04AA10A SE04AD08F 13 UCD-870217-12-A/B 415-G-004_A/B Wash water LMV-311 Single SE04AA12A 11 61 UCD-870217-14-A/B 415-G-005_A/B Lean Amine LMV-311 Dual Pressurized SE04AA47R SE04AA48P 53 UDD-870217-16-A/B 415-G-009_A/B Hydrocarbon LMV-322 Single SE04AA12A 11 61 UCD-870217-18-A/B 415-G-010_A/B Condensate LMV-802 Single SE044AA47M 11 61 UDD-870217-20-A/B 418-G-107_A/B Butane LMV-322 Dual UnpressurizedSE04AA10A SE04AD08F 13 UC

Serial number Item number Duty ModelSeal

configurationLower seal Upper seal

O-ring material

C-240021-1-A 413-K-102 Blower LMC-311P Single SE04AA07F UC

API plans

API plans

COMPRESSOR

PUMP

List of pumps / compressorTAKREER -- Technip Italy

TO REMEMBER

What are the 3 seals configurations ?What is the working height of the mechanical seal? How to

measure it?

TRUE OR FALSE:1. The seal cavity pressure rise is higher on a full emission pump.

2. The seal selection is not related to the seal cavity pressure.

3. The stationnary face of the seal is the hard face.

4. It is necessary to change the seal housing to modify the seal configuration.

5. All Sundyne seals can handle reverse pressure.

6. Port 1 must be always opened.

06-Sundyne Presentation Fs Seals

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