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Transcript of 06-Iw14-Mbse Workshop-Application of Mbse at Jpl Through the Lifecycle-nichols-lin-final
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Integrated Model-Centric
Engineering:
The Application of
MBSE at JPL Throughthe Life Cycle
Dave NicholsChi Lin
INCOSE International WorkshopMBSE Workshop
January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Mars
Solar system
Exoplanets
Astrophysics
Earth Science
Interplanetary
network
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 2
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Strengthen the quality of formulation products by allowing exploration of amore comprehensive option spaceand more rapid analysis of
alternatives
Perform early validation of system designs
Give systems engineers time to do more engineering analysis and less
paper management
Significantly improve the quality of communications and understanding
among system and subsystem engineers
Achieve greater design reuse
Align with the expectations and work habits of the next generation of
engineering talent
this is the way new engineers are being trained and the way many of our earlycareer engineers want to work
But the bottom line is to
Reduce the number of product and mission defects in the face ofgrowing complexity
And increase productivity/reduce costs
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 3
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
JPL has been:
Developing a Model-Based Systems Engineering infrastructure consisting
of:
Foundational elements of ontologies and recurring modeling patterns
Tooling, consisting of interoperable solutions for a comprehensivemodeling approach and document generation approach
A community of practice nurtured via education and sharing experiences
and solutions
Applying MBSE to real project systems engineering problems across a widelandscape of project types, activities and lifecycle phases
Approximately 20 development tasks are applying MBSE at JPL across
the full lifecycle
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 4
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 5
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
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EHMArch.
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System &Science
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Science Science Modeling Pilot
OrionEFT-1
OrionEFT-1
DawnGDS
SAR Science Merit Function
Ground System Engineering standard procedures and products
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
Mars 2020
Page 6
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 7
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Objective: Understand and define thebusiness case for fractionatedspacecraft
Parametric variation is relatively easy e.g. spacecraft bus mass and data link rate or time to
build a given module
For example, software like Phoenix Model Centerprovides for multi-disciplinary parametric variation
Limited architecture variation ability
For example: trade nuclear-powered flightsystems vs. Electric Propulsion FS
The MBSE approach was chosen to facilitateexploration of a greater set of architecturalvariants.
System model captures a rich set of rules &constraints that characterize a produceablearchitecture or set of architectural variants
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 8
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Groundstation
Fuel(t)
Power(t)
Datai(t)
Mothership jDaughtership k
Daughtership l
Mothership i
Production lines
LV
SCOPE:
Daughterships Motherships
! Implementation
" Operations
!
"
Payloads
SC Components
F6 Tech PackageINCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 9
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
4:5:7%'%5
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
ASDA was designed to deal with a huge combinatorialspace problem (architectural variation, nominal and off-
nominal scenarios, and also design and economics)
SysML templates have been instrumental in
structuring analyses of architectural options
MBSE has facilitated a fundamentally new capabilitythat did not previously exist.
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 11
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 12
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Chemistry:Do red surface depositscontain organics from below?
Energy: Can surface oxidants provideenergy for metabolism?
Chemistry Energy
Water
Habitability
Water:Are a global ocean andlakes hidden by Europas shell of
ice?
January 26, 2014INCOSE MBSE Workshop Page 13
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Managing multiple architectural alternatives
Reliably determining whether design concepts close onkey technical resources
Ensuring correctness and consistency of multiple,disconnected engineering reports
Managing design changes before a full design exists
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 14
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
The Jupiter Europa Orbiter (JEO) mission concept was deemed tobe of extremely high science value, but un-affordable, by the NRC
Decadal Survey, which requested a de-scoped option
A one year study developed mission options (Orbiter, multiple flyby
[Clipper], and Lander) that retain high science value at significantly
reduced cost
Europa LanderEuropa Orbiter
Multiple-Flyby in Jupiter Orbit
(The Europa Clipper)
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 15
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
SysML ModelsSystem, Programmatic, etc.
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INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 16
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 17
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 18
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
D9'7#> /6E#8FB CD*,&7%#' ?,-'
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 20
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014 Page 21
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Communication of technical information within project and amongdisciplines is more efficient and accurate Not limited by foreseeable levels of increasing system complexity Easily integrated with existing discipline tools (MBSE is the keystonefor full Model Based
Engineering)
Re-use and evolution of alternate system design elements
3 full mission studies in the time it usually takes for 1 or 2
5 parallel configurations maintained
Improved control over the evolution of system designs
Consistent, rapid generation of technical margins and normalization of
risk assessment
Identical automated analyses are applied to all configurations and versions
Efficient generation of project documentation Ensuring consistency of documentation by drawing from same system model
Bridges from college education to project best practices Recent graduates are arriving with knowledge of and expectation of using MBSE methods
January 26, 2014
INCOSE MBSE Workshop Page 22
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
Page 23
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
/&"' IJIJ B%&88#20#F -2012##" &2 12%#"#2789
B6>58#K >1''162 &2E '9'7#> 417% 864#" B6'7&2E B%&20#' 76 'B1#2B# &2E "6L#" 5&986&E'
)88 4# %&L# 76 E6 1' "#5#&7 7%# >1"&B8# M&7
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January 26, 2014
INCOSE MBSE Workshop Page 24
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Mars 2020 is not a typical Pre-Phase A project Effectively in Phase C+ for much of the H/W and S/W design
However, new mission, science objectives, and instruments
Highly cost-constrained
Leverage heritage via build-to-print philosophy
Need to modify the SE approach to address experiences on the MSLproject
Keep SE products updated with the ongoing design/developments/tests
Sharing information across a diverse team avoiding information silos
Improving the flow and traceability of design decisions and tests
Managing cross-cutting complexity and understanding of scope
Preempting the V&V armageddonat the end of the project 3 test beds running 7 days aweek
Improving parameter tracking and test correspondence(and visibility by others on this)
January 26, 2014
INCOSE MBSE Workshop Page 25
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Physical Decomposition, LogicalDecomposition, and WBS
Org Chart
Resource Tracking (e.g., subsetof web-accessible MEL)
Assessment of Key & DrivingRequirements
System Block Diagramsand Interfaces
Linking information to corecomponents (Reference Designators)
System model provides integrated, consistent, and broadly-accessible design information and change assessment
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
Subset of patternsare extended frominstitutionally-and
Europa derivedpatterns
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
The team is seeing value already, particularly in generating artifacts like theMEL, heritage tables, and interface block diagrams and making them
broadly accessible to the team
Providing mutually-consistent products that are readily updated (e.g., a change to an itemin one place immediately propagates that update to all affected views/products).
Going through this process is also helping to identify areas of inconsistencies in
separately generated and maintained historical documents, spreadsheets, etc. inheritedfrom MSL. Getting these into the model is helping us to reconcile these discrepancies.
Products are being created that are quickly and broadly accessible (e.g., via webinterface) by the wider team (e.g., not having to track down the latest version of an Excelspreadsheet on an individuals computer).
This is also helping with increasing the visibility and understanding of the design by theteam.
The model will help us with knowledge transfer and continuity aspersonnel come in and out of the project over the coming years.
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Pilot task: Generate V&V products such astest plans and procedures, using the SMAPantenna spin-up event as a reference case.
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
Motivation:
The complexity (number of states) of
flight and ground systems is increasing
yet time for V&V is decreasing.
The complexity of the test environment isincreasing
Desired Value: Explore a greater state
space in less time
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
The high level test plan evolves with increasing
detail to become the test procedure
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Flight Hardware SimulatorsMOS
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
TestPlan
SW Testbed
ProcedureScript
Autoscripting
Equipment
andconfiguration
Sequence of
Tests
Requirements
and test
objectives
linked to tests,
results, and
certification
Test Procedures
(Activity Diagrams)
Flat-Sat
Procedure
Flight
Vehicle
Procedure
Script
Autoscripting
Script
Autoscripting
System Model
Procedure
Add detail
Operational
Procedure
Supporting Tools and Infrastructure:
MagicDraw
DocWeb
IMCE
Autoscript tool
!
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Executable state charts
Fault injection testing
Create scenarios of Fault Protection behaviors
Model Checking Validate the design of fault protection system against domain specific
constraints
Example: During ascent, want receiver on, transmitter off
Translate SMAP FPlogical design into
SysML state charts
Explicitly modelbehavior as a network
of collaborating state
charts
Provide basis for
checking Fault
Protection Design vs.
Defined Failure Space
33
AIAA CASE August 14, 2013
MBSE Through The Product Life Cycle
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Simulations derived directly from models enable us tovalidateoperations concepts and validate scenariosearly in the projectlifecycle, reducing the cost of later remediation
Validate the model itself
Validate the design
V&V products developed as views developed from an integratedmodel
provide greater inheritance from plans, to testbed procedures, through integrationprocedures, to operational procedures than existing products
are more intuitive to modify and execute than text based procedures
The procedure can become the script for configuring and running the unit under
test
All of the above save time and money during the development
cycle and reduce defects
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
AMMOS - Adaptable tools and services for operating NASAsrobotic missions
Motivation for Re-architecting Effort
Ground system and operations design has evolved over the past 30years
Need to refactor the system to address pain points, enhanceoperations personnel efficiency, and gain higher levels of re-use frommission to mission.
Motivation for applying MBSE
Promote architectural integrity
Provide single source of design reference
Provide rigorous, non-ambiguous description of system design
Requirements
Interfaces
Operations processes
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
37
DocGen
Modeling the MOS
Reports,Documents, and
Project-specific
Gate Products
Model Repository
DocWeb
MagicDraw View Editor
Use Cases
System
Composition
Capabilities
Interfaces
Scenarios Processes
AIAA CASE August 14, 2013
MBSE Through The Product Life Cycle
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
For Operations, MBSE Facilitates:
The ability to accurately depict relationships between capabilities,processes, and the exchange of information that supports those
relationships.
The ability for operations personnel to better define the system
functionalitythey need
Understanding of how changes impact each part of the system
Exposure of the connection between engineering products (artifacts) and
system elements, many of which have been implicit.
January 26, 2014
INCOSE MBSE Workshop
Control System As-Is To-Be: A Timeline Based Control System
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Prior to FY09 MBSE started as a grass-roots effort
It was supported and championed by a few senior managers
FY09-FY12 The concept of MBSE was introduced to Executive Management
Integrated Model Centric Engineering (IMCE) initiative was establishedwith a moderate investment, but many were skeptical about the valueand readiness of MBSE for prime time.
FY13 Present
IMCE has gradually being accepted as an institutional strategic initiative
Some wait and see sentiment still exists
It is being sought out and used by previously skeptical engineeringleadership because of its demonstrated value.
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
DegreeofMaturity
Key Capabilities:1.
MBSE methodology that supportssystems & software development
2. Modeling framework that enablesmodel/tools integration
3. Standard design views andviewpoints that support:
capturing technical designs in
formal models
performing reviews based on
formal models4.
Standard set of modeling toolsare established and supported
5. CM-controlled repositorypopulated with validated reusablemodels created from formulation
to implementation
Key Capabilities:1.
Cadre of trained MBSEmodelers
2.
Modeling infrastructure that
facilitates collaborativemodeling activities
3.
Initial modeling standard4. Modeling users guide
5.
Initial CM-controlled modelrepository framework w/
examples
Key Capabilities:1.
A fully operational modelingInfrastructure that enables
integration of system models withdomain discipline analytical
models, simulation/visualization
models to support: Design to cost
Reviews
Trade study!
2.
A matured model-baseddevelopment methodology with
training support
3. A fully CM controlled operational
model repositories thatcollaboratively managed by
projects, lines and Institution
Continuous
Practice
Phase 1: Building
Phase II: Maturing
Phase III: Integrating
FY09 FY16
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
model libraries transforms analyses
profiles/plugins
ontologies
Tools(e.g., Magic Draw)
Guidance(e.g., SysML modelingGuide; MBSE based
life-cycle methodology)
repository
project models
Secure storage ofproject models and
reusable assets
Enabledevelopment of
SysML (and other)
project models
Establish commonconcepts for flight
project engineering
Establish consensus
rules for expressing
design Enable information
exchange
Customize SysML toolswith ontologies
Add user interface
helpers
Provide reusablemodel elements
Construct ortranslate models
from one form to
another Analyze models forwell-formedness,
completeness,
consistency, V&V
Explain properuse and benefits
of institutionalstandards and
infrastructure
January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
External Partnership
(DVS, Lockheed Martin, GIT,
ESA/ESTEC, INCOSE/OMG)
SE-CAETool
Service
Education andTraining
Application onTarget Projects
ModelingInfrastructure
(standards, metrics,
reports)
Technical
Collaboration
Experience
Sharing
Guidance,
Engagement
UtilizePut into
Use
Feedback,
Validation
Provide
Tools
INCOSE MBSE Workshop January 26, 2014
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
INCOSE MBSE Workshop
Educate and train an initial cadre of modelers
Pair domain experts with early career hires
Build on grass-roots efforts
Work with strong advocates and advisors consisting ofinternational and national experts
Establish an institutionally-supported modeling environment
Define modeling standards, enable collaborative modeling effort, build areusable model repository; provide support to system model developers
Address usability issues with SysML and modeling tools
Identify and build applications Develop system models that have immediate benefits to projects needs
Put training into practice
Modelers partner with projects system engineers to get early buy in Use the initial application to validate the reusable modeling environment
Partner with industry, INCOSE, academia and OMG to learn,contribute and stay current
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
SysML Models
INCOSE MBSE Workshop
UnderstandandexpressconceptsusingSysMLstandard
notation
EVERYONE
Collaborate and developmodels with help from core
team
MOST
SEs
CORETEAM
Appliesbe
stpractices
,
contribute
stoproduc
tion
models
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Phase I:Establishing
Initial capability
Phase II:
Performing MBSE
Phase III: full MBSE
ContactAwareness
Understanding
Initial Use
Adoption
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
COMMITMENTTOCHANGE
TIME
Mechanisms to supportsustaining the change
Mechanisms to supportwider rollout of change
Mechanisms to support measuredsuccess in piloting(i.e., initial operational environment )
Mechanisms to assure understanding(training, piloting)
Mechanisms to promote awareness(e.g., seminars, Modeling Early Adopter Group)
Adapted from Out from Dependency: Thriving as an Insurgent in a Sometimes Hostile Environment,
SuZ Garcia and Chuck Myers, SEPG Conference, 2001
Institutionalization
Internalization
We are here
January 26, 2014
MBSE Infusion Model and WhereWe Are
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Line Orgs
Flight ProjectFlight Project
IMCE(Institution)
Tools, profiles,
design patterns,
model library,guidance
Reference Bus
Flight ProjectProjectssupplies supplies
feedback on needs
harvest and standardize
Modeling patterns Discipline ontologies
Tools
expertssupplies
Message
The line orgs will be
the primary contact
with projects
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Carrot
Rewards and recognition
Stick
Integrate into standard practices
Evangelism
A persistent and consistent message frommanagement
Provides awareness and distinctions
The X-Team* approach
Go outside make external outreach a modus
operandi from day 1
* X-Teams: How To Build Teams that Lead, Innovate, and Succeed (Harvard Business School Press, 2007)
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Its the people
Its the support
Its the results
Infusion Success
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
.Thank You!
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
It Enhances Communication
A single, authoritative source of information keeps team on same page
Promotes accurate, efficient, consistent communication within a project
More complete transmission of concepts & rationale from proposal toimplementation
Based on my task and MBSE experience with the task My first move would be to
develop a system model.
It Improves Productivity
Europa team was able to study 3 distinct mission concepts for the resources
usually sufficient to study only 1 or 2, and the high quality of all 3 studies waslauded by the Hubbard Review Board and by NASA HQ.
Development of the initial system model took a fraction of the time it would
otherwise have, by reusing modeling patterns and analyses learned earlier onEHM.
Time-consuming project documents/reports become trivial to generate
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
It Improves Quality
Earlier detection of inconsistencies due to clearer semantics
Example: 35 inconsistencies identified in Exploration Missions E-E Test
One thing that Ive found is that the process of modeling leads to escapediscovery. capturing the details leads to a greater understanding of the system
and makes errors or potential problem areas pop out.
Promotes early/on-going requirements validation and design verification
Standard documents are kept consistent and up-to-date
It Supports Integration
Provides consistent definition of system to integrate with discipline models,including cost models and science margin models
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National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
It Helps Manage Complexity
We are able to evaluate 100s-1000s of consistent, structured, and transparentdesign options and explicitly compare cost/benefit in a fraction of the time and
cost of conventional methods.
Different views address the concerns of different stakeholders
It Enables Reuse of Institutional Knowledge
MBSE enhances reuse of intellectual property (model elements embody hard-
earned technical expertise)
It Attracts Early Career Talent
MBSE forms a bridge from college education to JPL best practices
MBSE methods are beginning to be taught in universities to engineering students
Early adopters are dominated by the early career hires
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