Eisenhower and Alliances

THE COLD WAR IN THE 1950 ’S

What Should You Know

Define the terms associated with Eisenhower’s foreign policy.

What happens with Soviet-U.S. relations after 1955?

What are several Cold War world organizations or alliances?

What does reading the founding documents of these organizations show us about the Cold War? Perfect Summary of the entire Cold

WarAs you watch, jot down 2 familiar concepts that we have discussed already.

Successful General

Worked well with Truman and FDR

America wanted him as President

1952

Augusta National G.C.

Ike is Elected

One of the main issues was Korean War

Eisenhower promised to go to Korea to end the war

Once elected, as promised, he went to Korea in 1952 to revive the stalled peace talks

Cease-fire was not reached until 1953

Eisenhower Foreign Policies

John Foster Dulles – Secretary of State

Wanted to take a further step than just containment

Dulles and Eisenhower wanted to “roll back” communism…get some democracies back

Brinksmanship – through words and actions, going to the brink of war without getting into war

Use of a lot of threats

Massive Retaliation – promise to settle any conflict by using overwhelming force vs. Soviets (nuclear)

CIA – formed in 1947 – revved up in 1950’s under Ike

Eisenhower Doctrine - declared the right of the United States to help, on request, any nation in the Middle East trying to resist armed Communist aggression.

Eisenhower Foreign Policies

Changes in the Soviet Union?

Stalin Dies in 1953 Nikita Khrushchev

U.S. Soviet Relations

U.S. and Soviets met for the first time since end of war1955 summit in Geneva SwitzerlandEisenhower proposes “open skies” treaty – rejected1960 – American U-2 Spy Plane shot down over USSRBadly damaged relations

World Organizations and Alliances

United Nations – founded by 51 countries in 1945

Maintain International security and peaceChina, Soviet Union, U.K., U.S., FranceGeneral Assembly and Security Council

World Organizations and Alliances

NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization1948 and 1949 – Several Western European

Nations plus U.S. and Canada (26 countries today)

Fear of the size of Soviet armyBand together for mutual defense

World Organizations and Alliances

Warsaw Pact – 1955 (1991) Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual

Assistance

Mutual defense treaty agreed to by 8 Soviet bloc countries

Triggered by the 1955 entrance of West Germany into NATO

Soviet Union, Romania, Poland, Hungary, East Germany, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Albania

All Communist governments

Founding Documents

United NationsNorth Atlantic TreatyWarsaw Pact

Homework

Analyze your results from the OGT Test by filling out Student Self-Check and Reflection – This is a graded HW assignment. Everyone must fill out their sheet because no one got a perfect.

Read Chapter 16 Section 2 and Chapter 17 Section 1 – Questions - It will not be counted against you if you don’t do them, but if you want HW points, you may answer the Section 1 assessment questions on page 534. (1 a and b); 2 (a and b); 3 (a and b); 4 (a, b, and c)