05 Biome Lab. BIOME A biome is a large geographical area of distinctive plant and animal groups,...
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Transcript of 05 Biome Lab. BIOME A biome is a large geographical area of distinctive plant and animal groups,...
BIOME
• A biome is a large geographical area of distinctive plant and animal groups, which are adapted to that particular environment.
• The climate and geography of a region determines what type of biome can exist in that region.
tundra
grassland
taiga
chaparral
desert scrub
desert
deciduous forest
savannah
rainforest
alpine
Biomes of the World
Environmental Diversity
Cold & Dry
Cool & Dry
Warm & Wet
Hot & WetHot & Very Dry
Warm & Very Dry
Warm & Dry trades
inversion
Hawaii's Primary Terrestrial Biomes
• Coastal Strand• Deserts• Dry woodlands• Subalpine grassland/shrubland• Tropical rainforest• Alpine deserts• Mesic forests
Factors determining Biome formation in Hawaii
1. Climate2. Substrate 3. Elevation
Ko’olau
tradewinds
Hawaii’s biomes are classified based on its:
• elevation• moisture regime• dominant life forms• vegetation structure
Hawaii’s five elevation zones:
• Coastal 0-30 m• Lowland 30-1000 m • Montane 1000-2000 m• Subalpine 2000-3000 m• Alpine > 3000 m
Moisture ClassificationFor each elevation zone, three general moisturecategories are recognized:
• Dry - < 120 cm/yr (47in)
• Mesic - 121-249 cm/yr (46-97 in)
• Wet - > 250 cm/yr (98in)
Vegetative Structures
• Forest dense canopy has 60-100% coverage• Woodland is more open, with 10-60% canopy• Shrubland are distinguished by shrubs > 1m high• Dwarf shrublands have a canopy height of 1 m or
less• Herblands are composed of small, nonwoody plants• Deserts receive less than 25 cm/yr of precipitation
and are sparsely vegetated