03300-Cast-In-Place Concrete [spc] - Climatech Incclimatech.com/jobs/St Vincent Physics...

ST. VINCENT COLLEGESIS AND HERMAN DUPRÉ SCIENCE PAVILION

SECTION 03 30 00 - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.01 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.02 SECTION SUMMARY

A. This Section includes concrete for various applications and related accessories:

1. Concrete formwork, including cylinder forms for downspout enclosures at Atrium.

2. Concrete reinforcement.3. Concrete slabs on grade.4. Expansion and Control Joints.5. Suspended structural concrete floor slabs.6. Concrete foundations and footings.7. Concrete fill in metal deck supported slabs, steel pan stairs,

and landings.8. Concrete sidewalks and paving; iron oxide stain.9. Concrete paving.10. Exposed aggregate concrete, paving and sidewalks.11. Concrete basin for fountain.12. Install inserts and sleeves to be built-in.13. Underslab vapor barrier.14. Admixtures for concrete.15. Concrete curing. Interior and exterior concrete.16. Grout for leveling plates for steel columns and base plates

for steel.17. Design of concrete mixes required on project.18. Concrete repairs for existing floors, columns, beams and

walls.19. Self-leveling concrete to repair any irregular floor surfaces.20. Concrete Dressing for existing concrete and masonry walls

exposed during construction.21. Quality control testing of design mix.22. Concrete stain.23. Integral color.24. Grinding and polishing of concrete floors.25. Waterstops.26. Strengthening and repairing existing concrete with carbon

fiber fabric and/or carbon fiber plates applied with epoxy.

1.03 DEFINITIONS

A. Cementitious Materials: Portland cement alone or in combination with one or more of the following: blended hydraulic cement, fly ash and other pozzolans, ground

CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE03 30 00 - 1 (45307035)


granulated blast-furnace slag, and silica fume; subject to compliance with requirements.

1.04 RELATED SECTIONS

A. Related Sections include the following:

1. Section 03 01 00 – Concrete Restoration.2. Section 03 15 00 – Concrete Expansion Joints.3. Section 31 20 00 - Earthwork; Porous Fill; Engineered Fill

Requirements.4. Section 32 12 16 - Asphalt Paving; Geotextile Fabric.5. Section 07 10 00 - Waterproof Membrane.6. Section 07 92 00 - Joint Sealers.7. Division 23 – Radiant heat in concrete slab at Atrium.

1.05 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Submit manufacturer's product data with application and installation instructions for proprietary materials and items, including forming accessories, admixtures, joint systems, waterstops, curing compounds, and others.

B. Design Mixes: Provide for each concrete mix. Include alternate mix designs when characteristics of materials, project conditions, weather, test results, or other circumstances warrant adjustments.

1. Indicate amounts of mixing water to be withheld for later addition at Project site.

C. Shop Drawings: Submit shop drawings for fabrication, bending and placement of concrete reinforcement. Comply with ACI publication ACI 315 "Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforcement", showing bar schedules, stirrup spacing, diagrams of bent bars, arrangement of concrete reinforcement. Include special reinforcement required around openings through concrete structures.

D. Material Certificates: Provide materials certificates in lieu of materials laboratory test reports when permitted by Architect. Material certificates shall be signed by manufacturer and Contractor, certifying that each material item complies with, or exceeds, specified requirements. Include ASTM Certifications and chloride contents.

1.06 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Regulatory Requirements: Concrete shall comply with applicable provisions of the following standards, latest edition which are hereby made, by reference, a part of this Specification.

1. ACI 117 – Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials.

2. ACI 211.1 - Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for



Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete; American Concrete Institute International; 1991 (Reapproved 1997).

3. ACI 301 - Specifications for Structural Concrete for Buildings; American Concrete Institute International; 1999.

4. ACI 304R - Guide for Measuring; Mixing, Transporting, and Placing Concrete; American Concrete Institute International; 1989 (Reapproved 1997).

5. ACI 305R-00 - Hot Weather Concreting, American Concrete Institute, 1999.

6. ACI 306R - Cold Weather Concreting; American Concrete Institute International; 1988.

7. ASTM A 185 - Standard Specification for Welded Steel Wire Fabric, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement; 1997.

8. ASTM A 615/A 615M - Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement; 2001.

9. ASTM C 33 - Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates; 2001.

10. ASTM C 39/C 39M - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens; 2001.

11. ASTM C 94/C 94M - Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete; 2000.

12. ASTM C 150 - Standard Specification for Portland Cement; 2000.

13. ASTM C 260 - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete; 2000.

14. ASTM C 309 - Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete; 1998a.

15. ASTM C 494/C 494M - Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete; 1999a.

16. ASTM C 618 - Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use as Mineral Admixture in Concrete; 2000.

17. CRSI MSP-1-01 - Manual of Standard Practice, March 2001.

18. CRSI - Reinforcement Anchorage and Splices 4th Ed. 1007, Second Printing 2002.

19. ACI 404.2R-02 - Guide for the Design and Construction of Externally Bended FRP System for Strengthening Concrete Structure.



20. ACI 336.1-01 - American Concrete Institute 2002 Specification for the Construction of Drilled Peirs.

21. Additional ASTM and ACI Specification references as shown throughout this Section of the Specifications.

22. The above referenced standards shall be available at the project site.

B. Installer Qualifications: A qualified installer who employs on Project personnel qualified as ACI-certified Flatwork Technician and Finisher and a supervisor who is an ACI-certified Concrete Flatwork Technician.

C. Manufacturer Qualifications: A firm experienced in manufacturing ready-mixed concrete products and that complies with ASTM C 94/C 94M requirements for production facilities and equipment.

1. Manufacturer certified according to NRMCA's "Certification of Ready Mixed Concrete Production Facilities."

D. Concrete Testing Service: Owner will engage a testinglaboratory, acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, qualified according to ASTM C1077 and ASTM E329 to perform material evaluation tests according to ASTM E548 and to design concrete mixes.

1. Personnel conducting field tests shall be qualified as ACI Concrete Field Testing Technician, Grade 1 according to ACI CP-1 or an equivalent certification program.

2. Personnel performing laboratory tests shall be ACI-certified Concrete Strength Testing Technician and Concrete Laboratory Testing Technician - Grade I. Testing Agency laboratory supervisor shall be an ACI-certified Concrete Laboratory Testing Technician - Grade II.

D. Mock-Ups: Provide samples of all specified finishes for Architect's approval prior to installation of concrete.

1. Samples shall be 36 inch x 36 inch(900 x 900mm) with 1 joint, poured and finished. Apply specified exterior concrete surface treatments to half of each sample, including iron oxide stain. Polish concrete. Multiple mock-ups for iron oxide stain appearance and polished concrete, minimum of three.

2. Provide 8’ by 8’ mock-ups of polished concrete with different aggregates and integral color in concrete. Multiple mock-ups, minimum of three.

3. Retain approved mock-ups during construction as standard for judging completed concrete work.

E. Samples:

1. Provide samples of exposed aggregate for exposed aggregate



concrete. Size and color as selected by Architect.

a. Aggregate to be granite or limestone river-worn pebbles, 1/4 inch (6mm) minimum and maximum 1/2 inch (12mm) diameter size.

2. Provide Samples of special aggregates for colored concrete.

F. Performances: Failure of concrete topping to bond to substrate (as evidenced by a hollow sound when tapped), or disintegration of other failure of topping to perform as a floor finish, will be considered failure of materials and workmanship. Repair or replace toppings in areas of such failures, as directed.

G. Welding: Qualify procedures and personnel according to AWS D1.4, "Structural Welding Code--Reinforcing Steel."

H. Installation of RFP strengthening system shall be monitored by the testing agency. Prior to installation of FRP strengthening adhesive bond tests shall be performed with FRP strengthening until satisfactory result is obtained from the bond tests.

1.07 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Deliver, store and handle steel reinforcement to prevent bending and damage.

B. Avoid damaging coatings on steel reinforcement. Repair damaged epoxy coatings on steel reinforcement according to ASTM D3963.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.01 FORM MATERIALS

A. Forms for Unexposed Finish Concrete: Form concrete surfaces which will be unexposed in finished structure with plywood, lumber, metal or other acceptable material. Provide lumber dressed on at least two edges and one side for tight fit.

B. Form Coatings: Provide commercial formulation water base , no V.O.C. form-coating compounds that will not bond with, stain nor adversely affect concrete surfaces, and will not impair subsequent treatments of concrete surfaces. Vegetable-based release agent.

C. Forms for Cylindrical foundations, downspout enclosures at Atrium: glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, paper, or fiber tubes that will produce surfaces with gradual or abrupt irregularities not exceeding specified formwork surface class. Provide units with sufficient wall thickness to resist plastic concrete loads without detrimental deformation.



2.02 REINFORCING MATERIALS

A. Reinforcing Bars: ASTM A 615/A615M, Grade 60, Deformed.

1. Galvanized reinforcing bars: ASTM A767/A7675M, Class I in all exterior curbs.

B. Epoxy-coated reinforcing bars: ASTM A775/A 775M; Exterior Stair Nosing Bar.

C. Welded Wire Fabric: ASTM A 185, welded steel wire fabric, in flat sheets, unfinished.

1. Welded Wire Fabric: ASTM A 185, galvanized welded steel wire fabric in all exterior sidewalk locations.

D. Supports for Reinforcement: Provide supports for reinforcement including bolsters, chairs, spacers and other devices for spacing, supporting and fastening reinforcing bars and welded wire fabric in place. Use wire bar type supports complying with CRSI's "Manual of Standard Practice", unless otherwise acceptable.

1. For slabs on grade, use supports with sand plates or horizontal runners where base material will not support chair legs.

E. Epoxy Repair Coating: Liquid, two-part, epoxy repair coating; compatible with epoxy coating on reinforcement and complying with ASTM A 775/A 775M.

F. Zinc Repair Material: ASTM A 780, zinc-based solder, paint containing zinc dust, or sprayed zinc.

G. Carbon fiber plates and/or fabric. Carbedor Plate by Sika and/or Sika wrap fabric, applied to substrate using Sikadur 30 Adhesive All as manufactured by Sika Corp, 201 Polito Avenue, Lyndhurst, NJ 07071

2.03 CONCRETE MATERIALS

A. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I, (Gray)(White) unless otherwise noted. Concrete exposed to view shall be from same mill.

1. Type II or Type V Sulfate resistant cement (if sulfate is encountered) for foundations, footings, retaining walls, and other concrete below grade. Otherwise, use Type I cement. (ADD#5)

B. Normal Weight Aggregates: ASTM C 33, Class (3s)(3m)(1n) coarse

aggregate uniformly graded and as herein specified. Provide aggregate from a single source.

1. Maximum Size: 3/4 inch(20mm)



C. Water: Potable and complying with ASTM C94/C 94M.

D. Air Entraining Admixtures: ASTM C260, certified by manufacturer to be compatible with other required admixtures.

E. Water-reducing admixtures: ASTM C494/C 494M, Types A-D.(Select appropriate type)

1. Type A: water-reducing admixture.2. Type B. high-range, water-reducing admixture.3. Type C. water-reducing and accelerating admixture.4. Type D. water-retarding and retarding admixture.

F. Pozzolan Admixture: Fly ash from coal fired power plants, ASTM C618, Class C or F.

1. Pozzolan Content: 15 percent of weight of cement within concrete mix.

2. Ground granulated blast-furnace slag – ASTM C 989, Grade 100 or 120.

G. Admixtures: Admixtures for increasing the plasticity, workability of concrete may be used, provided the specified minimum cement content is maintained and approval of use of admixture is obtained from Architect, and at no additional cost to Owner.

1. Prohibited Admixtures: Calcium chloride, thiocyanates or admixtures containing more than 1 percent water soluble chloride ions, by weight of the admixture, are not permitted.

H. Concrete stain: iron oxide residue supplied by the Owner. Provide multiple mock-ups to determine appearance.

I. Color Admixture (Integral Color for Concrete).

1. Manufacturers

a. Bayer Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA www.bayerus.com 412-777-2000.

b. ChemMasters, Madison, OH, www.chemmasters.com (800)-486-7866.

c. Conspec Marketing & Manuf.Co., Inc.; a Dayton Superior Co. Dayton, OH, www.daytonsuperior.com (888)-977-9600.

d. Davis Colors, Los Angeles, CA www.daviscolors.com (800)-356-4848 .

2. Dry color pigments or liquid dispersed color pigments - Contractor's option.

a. Composition/Materials: Blends of synthetic and naturally occurring iron and mineral oxides stable and inert to atmospheric conditions and resistant to UV, alkali and most acids. Comply with ASTM C 979.

b. Colors: Architect shall select colors from full range of available colors, including custom colors.


http://www.daviscolors.com/

http://www.daytonsuperior.com/

http://www.chemmasters.com/

http://www.bayerus.com/


J. Concrete stain to be used in conjunction with grinding and polishing system for concrete floors

1. Rockerz Inc. manufacturer’s standard stain to be used with Glosscrete polishing system 1-888-935-4950.

2. Kemiko concrete floor stain 903-587-3708 to be used with FGS Permashine system.

K. Polishing system for grinding and polishing concrete floors:

1. Rockerz Inc. Glosscrete polishing system 1-888-935-4950.2. FGS Permashine; 800-362-3311.3. Questmark Flooring, 800-743-8890.

L. Aggregates for polished concrete floors: locally produced aggregates, basalt, granite, quartz or limestone, as selected by Architect, 3/8” to ½” in size, angular shape.

M. Waterproofing Admixture: for concrete deck over Vestibule 132. 1. Manufacturers

a. The Euclid Chemical Company: "EUCO Integral Waterpeller" Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

b. BASF Admixtures, Inc.: "RHEOMIX 235" water repellant, Cleveland OH, www.basf-admixtures.com (800)-628-9990.

2. Waterproofing Admixture added to standard mix design specified.

a. Waterproofing Admixture Content: 8 fl. oz. per 100 lb. of cement, unless otherwise recommended by manufacturer.

N. Surface Retarder (Exposed Aggregate Concrete)

1. Manufacturers:a. Euclid Chemical; Surface Retarder "S" Cleveland, OH,

www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

2. Retarder to delay the concrete surface core to permit removal of cement skin to expose the aggregate.

3. Removal of 1/8 inch to 1/4 inch(3-6mm) of concrete surface.

O. Pozzolan Admixture: Fly ash from coal fired power plants, ASTM C618, Class C or F.

1. Pozzolan Content: 15 percent of weight of cement within concrete mix.

2. Ground granulated blast-furnace slag – ASTM C 989, Grade 100 or 120. (ADD#6)

2.04 RELATED MATERIALS


http://www.euclidchemical.com/

http://www.basf-admixtures.com/



A. Underslab Moisture Barrier: Provide moisture barrier cover over prepared aggregate base material for all interior concrete slabs on grade. Use only materials which are resistant to decay when tested in accordance with ASTM E154.1. Manufacturers:

a. Fortifiber Corporation; “Moistop Plus”, www.fortifiber.com (800)-773-4777.

b. Raven Industries Inc.; “Dura Skrim 8” www.rufco.com (800)-635-3456.

c. Reef Industries, Inc. "Griffolyn T-85", Houston, TX, www.reefindustries.com (800)-231-6074.

d. Stego Industries, LLC; “Stego Wrap, 10 mils”, San Juan Capistrano, CA, www.stegoindustries.com (949)-493-5460.

2. Material shall be a 10 mil 5-ply high density polyethylene and nylon yarn laminate complying with ASTM E 1745 Class B. Material shall have a reinforced non-woven grid with a PPT tear strength of at least 23.0 lbs(10.4kg). (Test method ASTM D 2582), sizes as required; minimum 20 foot(6m) wide rolls.

3. Permeance (Perms): 0.0594. Tape: Black; double-sided asphaltic pressure sensitive tape

as recommended by moisture barrier manufacturer. Minimum 1.5 inches(38mm) x 100 ft.(30.5m) rolls x 35 mil thickness.

C. Non-shrink Grout: Non-metallic Shrinkage-Resistant Grout under column and beam bearing plates.

1. Manufacturers:

a. BASF Admixtures, Inc.; “Masterflow 713 Plus”, Cleveland OH, www.basf-admixtures.com (800)-628-9990.

b. Euclid Chemical Co., “Euco N-S”; Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

c. L&M Construction Chemicals, Inc., “Duragrout”; Omaha, NE, www.lmcc.com (800)-362-3331.

2. Pre-mixed, non-metallic, non-corrosive, non-staining product containing selected silica sands, portland cement, shrinkage compensating agents, plasticizing and water reducing agents, complying with ASTM C 1107, and CE-CRD-621. Grout shall have a minimum compressive strength of 5,000 psi after 7 days.

D. Moisture-Retaining Cover: Comply with ASTM C 171.

1. Concrete curing blanket shall be 10 oz. burlap combined with a 4 mil white opaque polyethylene film extruded into the burlap.

E. Expansion Joint Fillers: Premoulded bituminous impregnated fiberboard, 3/8 inch(9mm) thick (unless otherwise noted on drawings), ASTM D 1751. Refer to Section 07 92 00 - Joint Sealers for traffic sealant.


http://www.lmcc.com/



http://www.stegoindustries.com/

http://www.reefindustries.com/

http://www.rufco.com/

http://www.fortifiber.com/


F. Porous Fill: Refer to Specification Section 31 20 00 - Earthwork.

G. Waterstops: Bentonite clay compressible strip.

1. Manufacturers:

a. Greenstreak "Swellstop", 1-800-325-9504.b. Fosrocuk "Supercast SW", 1-204-489-6300.C. Volclay "Waterstop R" by Cetco Building Materials, 1-800-

529-9348.

2. Waterstops shall be capable of being welded at corners and other junctions in the waterstop.

H. Interior Concrete Floor Surface Treatment

1. Dry-Shake Hardener: Mechanical Room floors only.

a. Manufacturers:

1) BASF Admixtures, Inc.; Mastercon”, Cleveland OH, www.basf-admixtures.com (800)-628-9990.

2) Euclid Chemical Co. "Surflex", Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

3) Sonneborn - Contech "Harcol", Mahwah, NJ, www.sonneborn.com 201-760-2940.

b. Colored Wear-Resistant Finish: Packaged, dry, combination of materials, consisting of portland cement, graded quartz aggregate, coloring pigments, and plasticizing admixture. Use coloring pigments that are finely ground, non-fading mineral oxides, interground with cement. Color as selected by Architect. From full range of available colors.

2. Sealer: ASTM C 309 Waterborne transparent sealing and dustproofing compound; Type 1, Class B 18 to 25% solids, nondissipating, certified by manufacturer not to interfere with bonding of floor covering.

a. Manufacturers:

1. Euclid Chemical Company "Diamond Clear VOX", Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

2. Sonneborn Building Products "Kure-N-Seal", Mahwah, NJ, www.sonneborn.com 201-760-2940.

3. W.R. Meadows; “VO Comp-20”, Hampshire, IL, www.wrmeadows.com (800)-342-5976.

I. Exterior Concrete Penetrating Sealer: ASTM C 1315, Type 1, Class A.

1. Manufacturers:


http://www.wrmeadows.com/

http://www.sonneborn.com/






a. Euclid Chemical Company "Super Diamond Clear", Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

b. Sonneborn “Kure-N-Seal”, Mahwah, NJ, www.sonneborn.com 201-760-2940.

c. W.R. Meadows; “CS-309/30", Hampshire, IL, www.wrmeadows.com (800)-342-5976.

2. Material

a. Clear liquid penetrating sealer.b. Sealer shall penetrate into concrete surfaces, providing

surface and subsurface protection against attack of water and water borne salts and alkalis.

c. The protective concrete sealer, after finished application, shall not darken, stain or discolor the treated concrete. Application of the sealer shall not alter the surface or form a film or coating on the treated concrete surface, and shall be compatible with caulking and surface finish materials.

J. Epoxy Joint Filler: For filling interior control joint voids, two-component, semi-rigid, 100 percent solids, epoxy resin with a Shore A hardness of 80 per ASTM D2240.1. Manufacturers:

a. Euclid Chemical Company "Euco Epoxy" 700, Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

b. Sika Chemical Corp. "Sikadur" 51 NS/Sl”, Lynhurst, NJ, www.sikaUSA.com (800)-933-SIKA.

K. Bonding Compound: Polyvinyl Acetate (interior only); not subjected to moisture.

1. Euclid Chemical Company "Euco Weld", Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

2. Larsen Products Corp. "Weldcrete", Jessep, MD www.larsenproducts.com (800)-633-6668.

L. Epoxy Adhesive: ASTM C 881, two component material suitable for use on dry or damp surfaces. Provide material "type", "Grade", and "Class" to suit project requirements.1. Euclid Chemical Company "Euco epoxy 452 or 620", Cleveland,

OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.2. Sika chemical Corp. "Sikadur Hi-Mod", Lynhurst, NJ,

www.sikaUSA.com (800)-933-SIKA also Sikadur 30 for adhering Corbos fiber reinforcing to strengthening existing concrete structures.

3. W. R. Grace "Thiopoxy", Cambridge, MA, www.graceconstruction.com (866)-333-3726.

2.05 CONCRETE REPAIR MATERIALS FOR FLOORS

A. Water: Potable and complying with ASTM C94.


http://www.graceconstruction.com/

http://www.sikaUSA.com/


http://www.larsenproducts.com/


http://www.sikaUSA.com/


http://www.wrmeadows.com/




B. Aggregate: ASTM C33. Sand aggregate as approved by concrete repair manufacturer.

C. Concrete Repair: ASTM C150, non-shrink, cement base material, mixed with aggregate where required.

1. Ardex, Inc. "SD-F Feather Finish", Aliquippa, PA, www.ardex.com (724)-203-5000.

2. Ardex, Inc. "SD-P concrete patch", Aliquippa, PA, www.ardex.com (724)-203-5000.

3. Thickness of repair may vary according to field conditions.

D. Self-Leveling Concrete: ASTM C150, self-leveling underlayment concrete.

1. Ardex, Inc. "ARDEX K15", Aliquippa, PA, www.ardex.com (724)-203-5000.

2. Thickness of application may vary according to field conditions.

2.06 CONCRETE DRESSING MATERIALS FOR WALLS EXPOSED DURING CONSTRUCTION

A. Water: Potable and complying with ASTM C94.

B. Concrete Dressing (topcoat): ASTM C150, non-shrink, cement base material.1. Ardex, Inc. “ARDEX OVP”,(ADD#2) Aliquippa, PA www.ardex.com

(724)-203-5000.2. Thickness of application may vary according to field

conditions, it generally varies from 1/16” to ½”. (ADD#2)

2.06 PRECAST CONCRETE LINTELS AND SILLS

A. See size and profile on drawings.

B. Comply with Recommended Practices and Procedures of Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI) MNL-116 "For Structural Units" and MNL-117 for architectural exposed units.

C. Concrete materials similar to cast-in-place concrete as follows:1. Produce standard-weight concrete consisting of portland cement

aggregates, and water to produce precast concrete with compressive strength of 5000 psi at 28 days.

2.07 PROPORTIONING AND DESIGN OF MIXES

A. Prepare design mixes for each type and strength of concrete by either laboratory trial batch or field experience methods as specified in ACI 301. If trial batch method used, use an independent testing facility acceptable to Architect for preparing and reporting proposed mix designs. The testing facility shall not be the same as that used for field quality control testing, unless otherwise acceptable to Architect.


http://www.ardex.com/





B. Submit written reports to Architect and Owner of each proposed mix for each class of concrete at least 15 days prior to start of work. Do not begin concrete production until mixes have been reviewed by Architect.

C. Design mixes to provide normal weight concrete with the following properties, unless otherwise indicated on drawings.

Req'd 28 dayCompressive Maximum Water Air

Location Strength Cement Ratio Content

1. Footings, 3000(20.7MPa) 0.46 NoneUnderpinning, Drilled (ADD#1)Pier Foundations

2. Piers, walls, beams, columns, (ADD#1)grade beams, pier caps and other concrete below grade 4000(27.6MPa) 0.44 None *

3. Structural slabs 4000(27.6MPa) 0.44 None *

4. Interior slabs on grade. 3000(20.7MPa) 0.58 None *

5. Suspended slabs. 4000(20.7MPa) 0.46 None *(slabs on metal deck)

6. Concrete topping 3500(24.1MPa) 0.51 None *

7. Concrete subject to freezing and thawing (including 4000(27.6MPa) 0.45 4.5%-7.5%

sidewalks, curbs, paving)

8. Columns (ADD#1) 5000(34.5MPa) 0.44 None *

* If concrete will be exposed to freezing and thawing cycles, furnish 4.5 - 7.5.% air content in concrete; maximum water cement ratio shall be 0.45.

D. Adjustment to Concrete Mixes: Mix design adjustments may be required by Contractor when characteristics of materials, job conditions, weather, test results, or other circumstances warrant; at no additional cost to Owner and as reviewed by Architect. Laboratory test data for revised mix design and strength results must be submitted to and accepted by Architect before using in work.

E. Admixtures



1. Air Entraining Admixture: Use air-entraining admixture in exterior exposed concrete, unless otherwise indicated. Add air-entraining admixture at manufacturer's prescribed rate to result in concrete at point of placement having air content within the specified limits. Do not use air entrainment in trowel-finished interior floors and suspended slabs.

2. Use admixtures for water-reducing and set-control in strict compliance with manufacturer's directions.a. Use water-reducing admixture or high-range water-reducing

admixture (superplasticizer) in concrete, as required for placement and workability.

b. Use water-reducing and retarding admixture when required by high temperatures, low humidity, or other adverse placement conditions.

5. Pozzolan admixture required for concrete in foundations and footings.

F. Slump Limits: Proportion and design mixes to result in concrete slump at point of placement as follows:

1. Sidewalks, stairs, ramps and sloping surfaces: Not more than 3 inches(75mm).

2. Reinforced foundation systems: Not less than 2 inches(50mm) and not more than 4 inches(100mm).

3. Slab-on-grade and supported slabs, 3 inch(75mm) slump + 1 inch(25mm).

4. Concrete containing high-range water reducing admixture (superplasticizer): Not more than 8 inches(200mm) after adding admixture to site-verified 2 to 3 inch(50-75mm) slump concrete.

2.08 CONCRETE MIXES

A. Job-Site Mixing: ASTM C 94/C 94M. Mix materials for concrete in appropriate drum type batch machine mixer. For mixers of one cu.yd. or smaller capacity, continue mixing at least 1-1/2 minutes, but not more than 5 minutes after ingredients are in mixer, before any part of batch is released. For mixers of capacity larger than one cu. yd., increase minimum 1-1/2 minutes of mixing time by 15 seconds for each additional cu. yd., or fraction thereof.

1. Provide batch ticket for each batch discharged and used in work, indicating project identification name and number, date, mix type, mix time, quantity, and amount of water introduced.

B. Ready-Mix Concrete: Measure, batch, mix and deliver to site according to ASTM C94/C 94M.

1. Delete references for allowing additional water to be added to batch for material with insufficient slump. Addition of water to the batch will not be permitted.

2. During hot weather, or under conditions contributing to rapid setting of concrete, a shorter mixing time than specified in



ASTM C 94 may be required.3. When air temperature is between 85 degrees F and 90 degrees F,

(30-32°C)reduce mixing and delivery time to 75 minutes, when air temperature is above 90 deg F(32degC), reduce mixing and delivery time to 60 minutes.

4. Concrete mixes for pumping which require modifications to these specifications shall be submitted to the Architect for approval.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 FORMS

A. Design, erect, support, brace and maintain formwork according to ACI 301 to support vertical and integral loads that might be applied until such loads can be supported by concrete structure. Construct formwork so concrete members and structures are of correct size, shape, alignment, elevation and position. Maintain formwork construction tolerances complying with ACI 117.

B. Design formwork to be readily removable without impact, shock or damage to cast-in-place concrete surfaces and adjacent materials.

C. Construct forms to sizes, shapes, lines and dimensions shown, and to obtain accurate alignment, location, grades, level and plumb work in finished structures. Provide for openings, offsets, sinkages, keyways, recesses, chamfers, blocking, anchorages and inserts, and other features required in work. Use selected materials to obtain required finishes. Solidly butt joints and provide back-up at joints to prevent leakage of cement paste. Do not use rust-stained steel form-facing material.

D. Fabricate forms for easy removal without hammering or prying against concrete surfaces. Provide crush or wrecking plates where stripping may damage cast concrete surfaces. Provide top forms for inclined surfaces steeper than 1.5 horizontal to 1 vertical.

E. Provisions for Other Trades: Provide openings in concrete formwork to accommodate work of other trades. Coordinate with work of other sections in forming and placing openings, slots, reglets, recesses, bolts, anchors, inserts and other components of other work. Determine size and location of openings, recesses and chases from trades providing such items. Accurately place and securely support items built into forms.

F. Chamfer exposed corners and edges, using wood, metal, PVC, or rubber chamfer strips fabricated to produce uniform, smooth lines and tight edge joints.

G. Construct forms tight enough to prevent loss of concrete mortar.

H. Clean forms and adjacent surfaces to receive concrete. Remove chips, wood, sawdust, dirt, and other debris just before placing



concrete. Retighten forms and bracing before placing concrete, as required, to prevent mortar leaks and maintain proper alignment.

I. Coat contact surfaces of forms with form-release agent, according to manufacturer's written instructions, before placing reinforcement.

3.02 EMBEDDED ITEMS

A. Place and secure anchorage devices and other embedded items required for adjoining work that is attached to or supported by cast-in-place concrete. Use setting drawings, templates, diagrams, instructions, and directions furnished with items to be embedded.

B. Install anchor rods, accurately located, to elevations required and complying with tolerances in Section 7.5 of AISC's "Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges."

3.03 UNDER SLAB MOISTURE BARRIER

A. Following levelling and tamping of granular base for slabs on grade, place vapor retarder sheeting with longest dimension parallel with direction of pour.

B. Lap joints 6 inches and seal with appropriate tape.

3.04 PLACING REINFORCEMENT

A. Comply with Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute's recommended practice for "Placing Reinforcing Bars," for details and methods of reinforcement placement and supports, and as herein specified.

B. Clean reinforcement of loose rust and mill scale, earth, ice and other materials which reduce or destroy bond with concrete.

C. Accurately position, support and secure reinforcement against displacement by formwork, construction, or concrete placement operations. Locate and support reinforcing by metal chairs, runners, bolsters, spacers, and hangers, as required.

D. Place reinforcement to obtain at least minimum coverages for concrete protection. Arrange, space and securely tie bars and bar supports to hold reinforcement in position during concrete placement operations. Set wire ties so ends are directed into concrete, not toward exposed concrete surfaces.

E. Install welded wire fabric in as long lengths as practicable. Lap adjoining pieces at least one full mesh and lace splices with wire. Offset end laps in adjacent widths to prevent continuous laps



in either direction. Set wire ties with ends directed into concrete, not toward exposed concrete surfaces.

F. Provide concrete cover on reinforcing bars as follows:

1. Cast against earth 3 inches2. Exposed to earth or weather (#4 or smaller) 1-1/2 inches3. Exposed to earth or weather (#5 or larger) 2 inches4. Slabs and walls not exposed or in contact with the ground (#11 or smaller) 3/4 inches 5. Ties and stirrups not exposed or in contact with the ground in beams, columns 1-1/2 inches

G. Lap lengths shall conform to the latest requirements of ACI 318, all lap splices shall be Class B splices, except no laps shall be less than 24 inches.

H. Do not cut or puncture moisture barrier. Repair damage and reseal moisture barrier before placing concrete.

I. Epoxy-Coated Reinforcement: Repair cut and damaged epoxy coatings with epoxy repair coating according to ASTM D 3963/D 3963M. Use epoxy-coated steel wire ties to fasten epoxy-coated steel reinforcement.

J. Zinc-Coated Reinforcement: Repair cut and damaged zinc coatings with zinc repair material according to ASTM A 780. Use galvanized steel wire ties to fasten zinc-coated steel reinforcement.

3.05 JOINTS

A. Construction Joints: To provide stopping places during concrete pours. Locate and install construction joints as indicated or, if not indicated, locate so as not to impair strength and appearance of the structure. Locations must have prior approval of the Architect.

1. Provide keyways at least 1-1/2 inches deep in construction joints in walls, slabs, and between walls and footings.

2. Place construction joints perpendicular to main reinforcement. Continue reinforcement across construction joints, except for slabs on grade or otherwise indicated.

3. Waterstops: Provide waterstops in construction joints for concrete walls. Install waterstops to form continuous diaphragm in each joint. Make provisions to support and protect exposed waterstops during progress of work. Fabricate field joints in waterstops in accordance with manufacturer's printed instructions.

4. Locate joints for beams, slabs, joists, and girders in the middle third of spans. Offset joints in girders a minimum distance of twice the beam width from a beam-girder intersection.



5. Locate horizontal joints in walls and columns at underside of floors, slabs, beams, and girders and at the top of footings or floor slabs.

6. Space vertical joints in walls as indicated. Locate joints beside piers integral with walls, near corners, and in concealed locations where possible.

7. Use a bonding agent at locations where fresh concrete is placed against hardened or partially hardened concrete surfaces.

B. Isolation Joints (Expansion Joints) in Slabs-on-Ground: To allow movement between slab and fixed parts of building. Construct isolation joints in slabs-on-ground with filler joint strips at points of contact between slabs-on-ground and vertical surfaces, such as column pedestals, foundation walls, grade beams, and elsewhere as indicated. Extend joint-filler strips full width and depth of joint, terminating 1/2 inch (13 mm) below finished concrete surface where joint sealants, specified in Division 07 Section "Joint Sealants," are indicated.

1. Sidewalks: Allows movement between large areas of sidewalks. Place 1/2 inch (12mm) wide expansion joints at 30 foot intervals unless indicated otherwise. Separate sidewalks from vertical elements.

C. Contraction (Control) Joints in Slabs-on-Ground: To induce cracking at preselected locations. Construct contraction joints in slabs-on-ground to form panels of patterns as indicated, or if not indicated, submit pattern to Architect for approval prior to construction of slab. Use saw cuts, tooled joints or inserts 1/4 inch wide x 1/4 of slab depth, unless otherwise indicated.

1. Inserts: Form contraction joints by inserting premolded plastic, hardboard or fiberboard strip into fresh concrete until top surface of strip is flush with slab surface. Tool slab edges round on each side of insert. After concrete has cured, remove inserts and clean groove of loose debris.

2. Tooled Joints: Form contraction joints after initial floating by grooving and finishing each edge of joint to a radius of 1/8 inch (3.2 mm). Repeat grooving of contraction joints after applying surface finishes. Eliminate groover tool marks on concrete surfaces.

3. Sawed Cuts: Contraction joints in slabs on grade may be formed by saw cuts as soon as possible after slab finishing as may be safely done without dislodging aggregate.

a. Cut joints in concrete using saw similar to "Soff-Cut International" saw with shatterproof abrasive or diamond rimmed blades.



1) Saw cut joints in concrete, at each control joint location, as soon as the slab will support the weight of the saw and operator without disturbing the final finish. (Normally within 2 hours after final finishing at each control joint location).

2) A depth of cut of 3/4 inch to 1 inch is recommended for aggregate sizes of 1-1/8 inch or smaller. (Use 5 inch 13 cm blade).

3) A depth of cut of 1 inch to 1-3/16 is recommended for aggregate sizes of 1-1/4 inches or larger. (Use 5-1/2 inch blade.

4) The depth of cut is determined by the aggregate size, not the thickness of slab.

5) Do not tear, abrade or otherwise damage surface.

4. If joint pattern is not shown, provide joints not exceeding 15 (4.6m) in either direction and located to conform to bay spacing wherever possible (at column centerline, half bays, third-bays). Panel aspect ratio shall not exceed 2 to 1 (slab length to slab width). Submit pattern of joints to Architect for approval prior to construction of slab.

5. Sidewalks: Provide scored joints at 5 foot (1.5m) intervals unless otherwise indicated.

6. Doweled Joints: Install dowel bars and support assemblies at joints where indicated. Lubricate or asphalt coat one-half of dowel length to prevent concrete bonding to one side of joint.

3.06 INSTALLATION OF EMBEDDED ITEMS

A. General: Set and build into work anchorage devices and other embedded items required for other work that is attached to, or supported by, cast-in-place concrete. Use setting drawings, diagrams, instructions and directions provided by suppliers of items to be attached thereto.

B. Dovetail anchor slots: Install dovetail anchor slots vertically, recessed in concrete walls to receive face brick veneer. Install dovetail anchor slots 16 inches on center horizontally, extending height of brick facing from brick ledge to top of concrete wall.

C. Conduits and pipes embedded in concrete slabs shall not have an outside dimension larger than 1/3 the slab thickness and shall be spaced no closer than 3 diameters on center. Aluminum conduits shall not be embedded in concrete without galvanic isolation.



D. Self-Expanding Strip Waterstops: Install in construction joints and at other locations indicated, according to manufacturer's written instructions, adhesive bonding, mechanically fastening, and firmly pressing into place. Install in longest lengths practicable.

3.07 PREPARATION OF FORM SURFACES

A. Coat contact surfaces of forms with a form-coating compound before reinforcement is placed.

B. Coat steel forms with a nonstaining, rust-preventative form oil or otherwise protect against rusting. Rust-stained steel formwork is not acceptable.

3.08 CONCRETE PLACEMENT

A. Preplacement Inspection: Before placing concrete, inspect and complete formwork installation, reinforcing steel, and items to be embedded or cast-in. Notify other crafts to permit installation of their work; cooperate with other trades in setting such work. Complete all required inspections prior to pour.

B. Coordinate the installation of joint materials and moisture barriers with placement of forms and reinforcing steel.

C. General: Comply with ACI 304 and as herein specified.

1. Deposit concrete continuously or in layers of such thickness that no concrete will be placed on concrete which has hardened sufficiently to cause the formation of seams or planes of weakness. Deposit concrete as nearly as practicable to its final location to avoid segregation.

D. Placing Concrete in Forms: Deposit concrete in forms in horizontal layers and in a manner to avoid inclined construction joints. Where placement consists of several layers, place each layer while preceding layer is still plastic to avoid cold joints.

1. Concrete shall not be dropped into forms from a height greater than 5 feet.

E. Consolidate placed concrete by mechanical vibrating equipment supplemented by hand-spading, rodding or tamping. Use equipment and procedures for consolidation of concrete in accordance with ACI 309.

F. Do not use vibrators to transport concrete. Insert and withdraw vibrators vertically at uniformly spaced locations not farther than visible effectiveness of machine, penetrating at least 6 inches inro the proceeding layer. At each insertion, limit duration of vibration to time necessary to consolidate concrete and complete embedment of reinforcement and other embedded items without causing mixture constituents to segregate.



G. Placing Concrete Slabs: Deposit and consolidate concrete slabs in a continuous operation, within limits of construction joints.

H. Consolidate concrete during placing operations so that concrete is thoroughly worked around reinforcement and other embedded items and into corners.

I. Bring slab surfaces to correct level with straightedge and strikeoff. Use bull floats or darbies to smooth surface, free of humps or hollows. Do not disturb slab surfaces prior to beginning finishing operations.

J. Maintain reinforcing in proper position on chairs during concrete placement operations.

K. Begin initial floating using bull floats or darbies to form a uniform and open-textured surface plane, before excess bleedwater appears on the surface. Do not further disturb slab surfaces before starting finishing operations.

L. Cold Weather Placing: Protect concrete work from physical damage or reduced strength which could be caused by frost, freezing actions, or low temperatures, in compliance with ACI 306.1.

1. When air temperature has fallen to or is expected to fall below 40 deg. F(4.4deg.C), uniformly heat water and aggregates before mixing to obtain a concrete mixture temperature of not less than 50 deg.F(10 deg.C) and not more than 80 deg.F(27 deg.C) at point of placement as per ACI 301.

2. Do not use frozen materials or materials containing ice or snow. Do not place concrete on frozen subgrade or on subgrade containing frozen materials.

3. Do not use calcium chloride, salt or other materials containing anti-freeze agents or chemical accelerators, unless otherwise specified and approved in design mixes.

M. Hot Weather Placing: When hot weather conditions exist that would seriously impair quality and strength of concrete, place concrete in compliance with ACI 301 and ACI 305.

1. Cool ingredients before mixing to maintain concrete temperature below 90 deg.F(32 deg.C) at time of placement. Chilled mixing water or chopped ice may be used to control temperature, provided water equivalent of ice is calculated to total amount of mixing water. Using liquid nitrogen to cool concrete is Contractor's option.

2. Cover steel reinforcement with water-soaked burlap so steel temperature will not exceed ambient air temperature immediately before embedded in concrete.

3. Fog-spray forms, steel reinforcement, and subgrade just



before placing concrete. Keep subgrade moisture uniform without standing water, soft spots, or dry areas.

M. Joining New Concrete to Old Concrete Surfaces: When new concrete is to be joined to old concrete, the old concrete shall be roughened sufficiently to expose the coarse aggregate and shall be thoroughly cleaned of any loose disintegrated concrete. Before placing new concrete, old concrete shall be thoroughly saturated with water, and immediately previous to placing new concrete, shall be coated with neat cement grout. Epoxy bonding compounds may be used provided they are applied in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

3.09 MONOLITHIC SLAB FINISHES

A. General: Exposed surfaces shall be true and even, free from open areas rough areas, depressions and projections. General: Comply with ACI 302.1R recommendations for screeding, restraightening, and finishing operations for concrete surfaces. Do not wet concrete surfaces.

B. Rough Slab Finish (Scratch Finish): Floor slabs to receive concrete fill or setting beds shall be screeded only.

1. Floor Surface Tolerances: ACI 302.1; Bullfloated with flatness F(F) of 15 and level F(L) of 13.

2. Slope Surfaces Uniformly where shown on drawings and to drains where required.

C. Float Finish: Apply float finish to monolithic slab surfaces to receive trowel finish and other finishes as hereinafter specified, and slab surfaces which are to be covered with membrane or elastic waterproofing, membrane or elastic roofing, sandbed terrazzo, sidewalks, and as otherwise indicated.

1. After screeding, consolidating, and leveling concrete slabs, do not work surface until ready for floating. Begin floating when surface water has disappeared or when concrete has stiffened sufficiently to permit operation of power-driven floats, or both. Consolidate surface with power-driven floats, or by hand-floating if area is small or inaccessible to power units. Immediately after leveling, refloat surface to a uniform, smooth, granular texture.

2. Floor Surface Tolerance: ACI 302.1; straight-edged; with flatness of F(F) of 18 and Level F(L) of 15.

3. Slope Surfaces uniformly where shown on drawings and to drains where required.

D. Trowel Finish: Apply trowel finish to monolithic slab surfaces to be exposed-to-view, and slab surfaces to be covered with carpet



resilient flooring, ceramic tile (thin-set), paint or other thin film finish coating system.

1. After floating, begin first trowel finish operation using a power-driven trowel. Begin final troweling when surface produces a ringing sound as trowel is moved over surface. Consolidate concrete surface by final hand-troweling operation, free of trowel marks, uniform in texture and appearance.

2. Floor Surface Tolerance: ACI 302.1; Flat, with Flatness F(F) of 25 and Level F(L) of 20.

3. Floor Surface Tolerance of floors to receive thinset ceramic tile or quarry tile: ACI 302.1; flat with flatness F(F) or 30 and level F(L) of 25.

4. Slope surfaces uniformly where shown on drawings and to drains where required.

5. Grind smooth any surface defects that would telegraph through applied floor covering system.

6. Trowel and fine broom finish: Where ceramic or quarry tile is to be installed with thin-set mortar, apply trowel finish as specified, then immediately follow with slightly scarifying surface by fine brooming.

E. Non-Slip Broom Finish: Apply non-slip broom finish to exterior concrete ramps, and sidewalks.

1. Immediately after trowel finishing, slightly roughen concrete surface by brooming with fiber bristle broom perpendicular to main traffic route. Coordinate required final finish with Owner before application. Do not apply broom finish to tooled perimeter edges of concrete. Provide 1-1/2 inch(38mm)tooled edge (boarder)smooth finish.

F. Exposed Aggregate Surface: Pour concrete and screed, float or trowel level. Sprinkle additional aggregate on the surface and work in with trowel, making sure the aggregates are surrounded by cement paste. As soon as surface water has disappeared, spray retarder over entire area to be treated, using an ordinary low-pressure garden sprayer. Cover with moisture-retaining cover.

1. After concrete has set overnight, remove moisture-retaining cover. Check small area to determine if concrete has cured sufficiently. (If depth is excessive, allow to remain a few hours before checking again). Hose surface of concrete and remove unset cement matrix with coarse brush or broom.

3.10 CONCRETE CURING AND PROTECTION

A. General: Protect all freshly placed concrete from premature drying



and excessive cold(ACI 306.1) or excessive hot temperatures(ACI 301).

1. Start initial curing as soon as free water has disappeared from concrete surface after placing and finishing. Weather permitting, keep continuously moist for not less than 7 days.

2. Begin final curing procedures immediately following initial curing and before concrete has dried. Continue final curing for at least 7 days in accordance with ACI 301 procedures. Avoid rapid drying at end of final curing period.

B. Evaporation Retarder: Apply evaporation retarder to unformed concrete surfaces if hot, dry, or windy conditions cause moisture loss approaching 0.2 lb/sq. ft. x h (1 kg/sq. m x h) before and during finishing operations. Apply according to manufacturer's written instructions after placing, screeding, and bull floating or darbying concrete, but before float finishing.

C. Formed Surfaces: Cure formed concrete surfaces, including supported slabs, and other similar surfaces. If forms remain during curing period, moist cure after loosening forms. If removing forms before end of curing period, continue curing for the remainder of the curing period.

D. Unformed Surfaces: Begin curing immediately after finishing concrete. Cure unformed surfaces, including floors and slabs, concrete floor toppings, and other surfaces.

E. Curing Methods: Chemical curing compound not permitted. Conform to ACI Committee 308.1 “Standard Practice for Curing Concrete”.

1. Moisture-Cover Curing: ASTM C 171, using polyethylene-coated burlap blankets.

a. Cover concrete surfaces with moisture-retaining cover for curing concrete, placed in widest practicable width with sides and ends lapped at least 3 inches(75mm) and sealed by waterproof tape or adhesive. Immediately repair any holes or tears during curing period, using cover material and waterproof tape.

2. Moisture Curing: Keep surfaces continuously moist for not less than seven days with the following materials:

a.

Water.b. Continuous water-fog spray.c. Absorptive cover, water saturated, and kept

continuously wet. Cover concrete surfaces and edges with 12-inch (300-mm) lap over adjacent absorptive covers.



F. Curing methods shall be reviewed with Architect prior to starting concrete work.

G. Curing and Sealing Compound: Apply uniformly to floors and slabs indicated in a continuous operation by power spray or roller according to manufacturer's written instructions. Recoat areas subjected to heavy rainfall within three hours after initial application. Repeat process 24 hours later and apply a second coat. Maintain continuity of coating and repair damage during curing period.

3.11 REMOVAL OF FORMS

A. Formwork Not Supporting Weight of Concrete: Formwork not supporting weight of concrete, such as sides of walls, columns, and similar parts of the work, may be removed after cumulatively curing at not less than 50 deg F(10 deg C) for 24 hours after placing concrete, provided concrete is sufficiently hard to not be damaged by form removal operations and provided protection operations are maintained during removal.

B. Formwork Supporting Weight of Concrete: Formwork supporting weight of concrete, such as floor slabs and other structural elements, may be removed when the concrete reaches the specified 28 day strength, or when the concrete reaches 75% of the specified 28 day strength and is no less than 7 days old.

1. Between the dates of October 1 and April 1, or when the average daily temperature has been below 50o F (10 deg.C). for the duration of the curing period, forms may not be removed until the actual in-place strength of the concrete is demonstrated by two field-cured test cylinders or by Windsor Penetrometer, regardless of the results of tests on laboratory cured cylinders.

3.12 MISCELLANEOUS CONCRETE ITEMS

A. Filling-In: Fill in holes and openings left in concrete structure for passage of work by other trades, unless otherwise shown or directed, after work of other trades is in place. Mix, place and cure concrete as herein specified to blend with in-place construction. Provide other miscellaneous concrete filling shown or required to complete work.

B. Equipment Bases and Foundations: Provide machine and equipment bases and foundations as shown on Drawings. Set anchor bolts for machines and equipment at correct elevations, complying with diagrams or templates from manufacturer furnishing machines and equipment.



C. Steel Pan Stairs: Provide concrete fill for steel pan stair treads, landings, and associated items. Cast-in inserts and accessories as shown on Drawings. Screed, tamp, and trowel-finish concrete surfaces.

3.13 CONCRETE SURFACE REPAIRS FOR NEW CONCRETE

A. All voids, damaged places, fins, projections, honeycomb areas, and tie-rod holes shall be removed down to sound concrete and shall be repaired immediately after form removal.

B. Repairing Formed Surfaces: Surface defects include color and texture irregularities, cracks, spalls, air bubbles, honeycombs, rock pockets, fins and other projections on the surface, and stains and other discolorations that cannot be removed by cleaning.

C. Immediately after form removal, cut out honeycombs, rock pockets, and voids more than 1/2 inch (13 mm) in any dimension in solid concrete, but not less than 1 inch (25 mm) in depth. Make edges of cuts perpendicular to concrete surface. Clean, dampen with water, and brush-coat holes and voids with bonding agent. Fill and compact with patching mortar before bonding agent has dried. Fill form-tie voids with patching mortar or cone plugs secured in place with bonding agent.

D. Repair defects on surfaces exposed to view by blending white portland cement and standard portland cement so that, when dry, patching mortar will match surrounding color. Patch a test area at inconspicuous locations to verify mixture and color match before proceeding with patching. Compact mortar in place and strike off slightly higher than surrounding surface. Repair defects on concealed formed surfaces that affect concrete's durability and structural performance as determined by Architect.

E. Repairing Unformed Surfaces: Test unformed surfaces, such as floors and slabs, for finish and verify surface tolerances specified for each surface. Correct low and high areas. Test surfaces sloped to drain for trueness of slope and smoothness; use a sloped template.

F. Repair finished surfaces containing defects. Surface defects include spalls, popouts, honeycombs, rock pockets, crazing and cracks in excess of 0.01 inch (0.25 mm) wide or that penetrate to reinforcement or completely through unreinforced sections regardless of width, and other objectionable conditions.

G. After concrete has cured at least 14 days, correct high areas by grinding.

H. Correct localized low areas during or immediately after completing surface finishing operations by cutting out low areas and replacing with patching mortar. Finish repaired areas to blend into adjacent concrete.



I. The specified bonding agent shall be used for all patching and the specified epoxy adhesive and/or epoxy mortar shall be used for all structural repairs.

J. All patching and repairs shall have prior approval of the Architect as to method and procedure. Any concrete which has not been formed as shown on the contract drawings, is out of alignment or level or indicates a defective surface or unsoundness of any nature shall be removed and replaced to the limits required by the Architect unless he grants permission to patch or otherwise correct the defective work. Permission to patch or attempt the correction shall not be construed to be a waiver of the Architect's right to require complete removal of the defective work should the patching or correction prove to be, in the opinion of the Architect, unsatisfactory either as to structure or appearance.

K. Cure patch in same manner as specified for new concrete.

L. Contractor shall protect new concrete to prevent graffiti from being applied to the fresh concrete.

1. Contractor shall be responsible for removing any new concrete that would be exposed to view with graffiti. Patching of graffiti areas will not be accepted.

M. Correct other low areas scheduled to receive floor coverings with a repair underlayment. Prepare, mix, and apply repair underlayment and primer according to manufacturer's written instructions to produce a smooth, uniform, plane, and level surface. Feather edges to match adjacent floor elevations.

N. Correct other low areas scheduled to remain exposed with a repair

topping. Cut out low areas to ensure a minimum repair topping depth of 1/4 inch (6 mm) to match adjacent floor elevations. Prepare, mix, and apply repair topping and primer according to manufacturer's written instructions to produce a smooth, uniform, plane, and level surface.

O. Repair defective areas, except random cracks and single holes 1 inch (25 mm) or less in diameter, by cutting out and replacing with fresh concrete.

P. Remove defective areas with clean, square cuts and expose steel reinforcement with at least a 3/4-inch (19-mm) clearance all around. Dampen concrete surfaces in contact with patching concrete and apply bonding agent. Mix patching concrete of same materials and mixture as original concrete except without coarse aggregate. Place, compact, and finish to blend with adjacent finished concrete. Cure in same manner as adjacent concrete.

Q. Repair random cracks and single holes 1 inch (25 mm) or less in diameter with patching mortar. Groove top of cracks and cut out holes to sound concrete and clean off dust, dirt, and loose



particles. Dampen cleaned concrete surfaces and apply bonding agent. Place patching mortar before bonding agent has dried. Compact patching mortar and finish to match adjacent concrete. Keep patched area continuously moist for at least 72 hours.

3.14 CONCRETE SURFACE TREATMENT

A. Interior Concrete Surface Treatment

1. Chemical Hardener: Shake-on hardener in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

a. Apply dry shake materials for colored wear resistant finish immediately following first floating operation. Color shall be uniformly distributed.

b. Uniformly apply dry-shake floor hardener at a rate of 100 lb/100 sq. ft. unless greater amount is recommended by manufacturer.

c. Uniformly distribute approximately two-thirds of dry-shake floor hardener over surface by hand or with mechanical spreader, and embed by power floating.

d. Follow power floating with a second dry-shake floor hardener application, uniformly distributing remainder of material, and embed by power floating.

e. After final floating, apply a trowel finish. Cure concrete with curing compound recommended by dry-shake floor hardener manufacturer and apply immediately after final finishing.

2. Floor Sealer: New interior exposed concrete surfaces.

a. Apply floor sealer finish to interior concrete floors, where indicated, after complete curing and drying of the concrete surface.

B. Exterior Surface Treatment: Sealer.

1. New exterior exposed concrete surfaces.2 Two coat application in accordance with manufacturers printed

instructions. 150-200 sq.ft.(14-19 sq.m.) per gallon(3.8L).3. Apply evenly and uniformly using a low airless spray with a

maximum 40 P.S.I. delivery rate.4. Apply in strict accordance with manufacturer's printed

instructions, after complete curing and drying of the concrete surfaces. (Minimum 28 days curing).

3.15 CONCRETE REPAIR FOR EXISTING CONCRETE FLOOR

A. General: Applicator shall use mixing equipment and tools approved by the manufacturer and shall have a copy of manufacturer's installation instructions available at all times while work is in progress.

1. Deliver materials in their original unopened packages and



protect from exposure to freezing, direct sun, and moisture.

2. Before and during the installation of floor materials, the building interior must be enclosed and maintained at a temperature between 50 degrees and 80 degrees F.(10-26.6 deg C) Do not install when surface temperatures are below 40 degrees F(4.4 deg C).

3. Observe the basic rules of concrete work. Protect from drying too fast by strong sun or wind.

B. Use of Aggregate: Mix product with water first, then add 1/2 part of volume of clean, dry aggregate. Use 1/8 inch(3mm) fine gravel for application layers up to 1/2 inch(12mm) thickness, or 3/8 inch(9mm) gravel for layers up to 1 inch(25mm) depending on the product. Do not use sand.

C. Subfloor Inspection: The subfloor should be structurally sound, vacuum cleaned, and free of mud, oil, grease, curing compounds and other contaminants.

D. Preparation: Concrete floors must be of adequate strength, clean of contaminants, curing compounds, and all foreign matter before priming with Ardex P-51.

E. Installation: Install and cure materials in strict accordance with manufacturer's printed instructions.

3.16 CONCRETE DRESSING FOR EXISTING CONCRETE AND MASONRY WALLS EXPOSED DURING CONSTRUCTION

A. General: Applicator shall use mixing equipment and tools approved by the manufacturer and shall have a copy of manufacturer's installation instructions available at all times while work is in progress.

1. Deliver materials in their original unopened packages and protect from exposure to freezing, direct sun, and moisture.

2. Before and during the installation of concrete dressing to the walls, the building interior must be enclosed and maintained at a temperature between 50 degrees and 80 degrees F.(10-26.6 deg C) Do not install when surface temperatures are below 40 degrees F(4.4 deg C).

B. Existing Wall Inspection: The existing wall should be structurally sound, vacuum cleaned, and free of mud, oil, grease, curing compounds and other contaminants.

1. Existing walls to be cleaned of all waterproofing/parging prior to priming walls. (ADD#2)

C. Preparation: Concrete walls must be of adequate strength, clean of contaminants, curing compounds, and all foreign matter before



priming with Ardex P-51.

D. Installation: Install and cure materials in strict accordance with manufacturer's printed instructions.

E. Trowel apply dressing to prepared walls, in as thin layer as possible while still getting full coverage. Dress to a smooth even surface.

F. Upon completion of walls and adequate curing time, seal walls with sealant specified in Article 2.04, Paragraph I. (ADD#2)

3.16 GRINDING AND POLISHING OF CONCRETE FLOORS

A. All work shall be in strict accordance with manufacturer’s specifications. Sealer/Hardener shall not exceed the spread per gallon recommended by the manufacturer.1. Allow new concrete to cure a minimum of 28 days prior to

application.

B. Apply in strict accordance with manufacturer’s written specifications for application utilizing recommended equipment. Follow manufacturer’s recommended procedures for grinding and polishing floor.

C. Use heavy duty polishing machines equipped with progressively finer grits of diamond-impregnated disks used to gradually grind down surfaces to the desired degree of shine and smoothness. Minimum grit of 1800 to be used for final sheen. Apply impregnating sealer during this process as per manufacturer’s recommendations.

D. Expose decorative aggregate and grind smooth.

3.17 QUALITY CONTROL TESTING DURING CONSTRUCTION

A. No laboratory testing required by Contractor.

1. The Owner will employ a testing laboratory to perform tests and to submit test reports during concrete placement. General Contractor will cast the test cylinders at no additional charge to Owner.

B. Sampling and testing for quality control during placement of concrete may include the following, as directed by Architect.

C. Sampling Fresh Concrete: ASTM C 172, and molded and handled in accordance with ASTM C-39.

1. Slump: ASTM C 143/C 143M; one test at point of discharge for each day's pour of each type of concrete; additional tests when concrete consistency seems to have changed.

2. Air Content: ASTM C 173/C 173M, volumetric method for lightweight or normal weight concrete; ASTM C 231 pressure



method for normal weight concrete; one for each day's pour of each type of air-entrained concrete.

3. Concrete Temperature: ASTM C 1064/C 1064M, test hourly when air temperature is 40o F.(4.4 deg.C) and below, and when 80o F.(26.6 deg.C) and above; and each time a set of compression test specimens are made.

4. Compression Test Specimen: ASTM C 31/C 31M; one set of 4 standard cylinders for each compressive strength test, unless otherwise directed. Mold and store cylinders for laboratory-cured test and field-cure test.

5. Compressive Strength Tests: ASTM C 39/C 39M; one set for each 50 cu. yds.(38 cu.m) or fraction thereof, of each concrete class placed in any one day or for each 5000 sq. ft.(465sq.m) of surface area placed. Cylinders shall be used as follows:

a. Seven (7) day test -Field control - one test cylinderLaboratory control - one test cylinder

b. 28 day test -Field control - one test cylinderLaboratory control - two test cylinders, plus one spare.

D. Test results will be reported in writing to Architect and Contractor within 48 hours that tests are made. Reports of compressive strength tests shall contain the project identification name and number, date of concrete placement, name of concrete testing service, concrete type and class, location of concrete batch in structure, design compressive strength at 28 days, concrete mix proportions and materials; compressive breaking strength and type of break for both 7-day tests and 28-day tests.

E. When strength of field-cured cylinders is less than 85 percent of companion laboratory-cured cylinders, Contractor shall evaluate operations and provide corrective procedures for protecting and curing in-place concrete.

F. Strength of each concrete mixture will be satisfactory if every average of any three consecutive compressive-strength tests equals or exceeds specified compressive strength and no compressive-strength test value falls below specified compressive strength by more than 500 psi (3.4 MPa).

G. Nondestructive Testing: Impact hammer, sonoscope, or other nondestructive device may be permitted by Architect but will not be used as sole basis for approval or rejection of concrete.

H. Additional Tests: The testing service will make additional tests of in-place concrete when test results indicate specified concrete strengths and other characteristics have not been attained in the structure, as directed by Architect. Testing service may conduct tests to determine adequacy of concrete by cored cylinders



complying with ASTM C 42/C 42M, or by other methods as directed. Contractor shall pay for such tests conducted, and any other additional testing as may be required, when unacceptable concrete is verified. Correct deficiencies in the Work that test reports and inspections indicate dos not comply with the Contract Documents.

F. Floor Surface Tolerances (Flatness and Level) shall be verified by testing laboratory.

1. Floor Flatness and Levelness shall be determined using the F-Number System as detailed in ASTM E-1155 and described in ACI 302.1R.

END OF SECTION


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