PowerPoint Presentation

Data Communications and Networking

What is a Network?

Defined as two or more computing devices connected together in such a way that they can share resources

Resources:

files

folders

printers

disk drives

etc.

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What is a Network?

A collection of computers or other hardware devices that are connected together, either physically or logically, using special hardware and software, to allow them to exchange information and cooperate

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What is Networking?

Term that describes the process involved in designing, implementing, upgrading, managing, and otherwise working with networks and network technologies

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Advantages of Networking

Connectivity and Communication

Data Sharing

Hardware Sharing

Internet Access

Internet Access Sharing

Data Security and Management

Performance Enhancement and Balancing

Entertainment

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Disadvantages of Networking

Cost of setup

Management and administration costs

Undesirable sharing

Illegal or undesirable behavior

Data security concerns

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Network Interface Card (NIC)

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Circuit board that fits in one of the computers internal expansion slots

Contains circuitry that handles sending, receiving, and error checking of transmitted data

Basic Components of a Network

Server

core component of the network

provides link to the resources necessary to perform any task

Client

requests and receives information over the network client

depends primarily on central server for processing activities

Circuit

cables, ports and other devices that connect the server and the client computers

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Key Points in Networking

Important characteristics that influence transmission technologies and communication protocols

size

shape

Networks are classified according to area over which they extend

Size and extension depend on number of nodes that need to communicate, and where these nodes are in relation to each other

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Network Classifications

PAN (personal area network)

refer to the interconnection of personal digital devices or consumer electronics w/n the range of 30ft (10m) and without the use of wires or cables

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Network Classifications

LAN (local area network)

data communications network the connects personal computers within a very limited geographical area

school computer labs

home networks

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Network Classifications

MAN (metropolitan area network)

public high-speed network capable of voice and data transmission within the range of 50mi (80km)

ISPs

small cable TV companies

local telephone companies

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Network Classifications

WAN (wide area network)

covers large geographical area and usually consists of smaller networks

nationwide banks

large cable TV companies

multi-location superstores

internet

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Network Topologies

Architectural drawings to show the overall physical configuration for a given communications system

Indicates the access methods and governs the rules that are used to design and implement the communication system

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Network Topologies

Bus topology

Single electrical circuit to which all devices in network are connected

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Network Topologies

Star topology

individual computers are connected to a central device such as a hub or a switch

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Network Topologies

Ring topology

a collection of separate point-to-point links arranged to make a ring

each nodes NIC has one input and one output connection

so each node has two links

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Communications Model

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Source

Transmitter

Transmission System

Receiver

Destination

Source System

Destination System

Communications Model

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Personal Computer

Modem

Broadband Connection

Modem

Server