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0174-521 MaRCh 2019Level 2 Technical Certificate in horticultureLevel 2 Horticulture – Theory Exam

Thursday 14 March 2019 09:30 – 11:00

You should have the following for this examination• a multiple-choice answer sheet• a pen with black or blue ink• a calculator

This paper contains 40 questions. answer them using the ‘boxes’ numbered 1 to 40 on the answer sheet.

2

1 What type of business is defined as “an association of two or more persons engaged in a business enterprise in which the profits and losses are shared proportionally”?

a Limited company.b Franchise outlet.c Partnership.d Chain.

2 Which of the following is the responsibility of an employee in relation to the working environment?

a To plan and control access at a public work site.

b To register all the tools and equipment at the end of the day.

c To check that colleagues have correct PPE before starting work.

d To ensure their tools and equipment are secured at a lunch break.

Source: http://www.hainaultforest.co.uk/

Figure 1

3 What type of leaf shape is shown in Figure 1?

a Pinnate.b Palmate.c Needle.d Cordate.

4 Statement 1 Common names of plants may vary with location. One common name may be used for several different plants and one plant may have several different common names. Statement 2 Latin words for the species of a plant can be terms used to describe a type of plant and its characteristics.

Which of the following options is correct for the above statements?

Statement 1 Statement 2

a True True

b True False

c False True

d False False

Source: lovetoknow.co.uk

Figure 2

5 Match the flower parts labelled in Figure 2.

a A: ovary B: style C: stigma D: anther E: petal

b A: stigma B: petal C: ovary D: style E: anther

c A: ovary B: anther C: stigma D: style E: petal

d A: style B: anther C: stigma D: ovary E: petal

3 See next page

6 Which describes a person who maintains sports pitches?

a Gardener.b Landscaper.c Groundsperson.d Greenkeeper.

7 Which term describes a population of plants with similar characteristics that can breed with each other?

a Family.b Cultivar.c Genus.d Species.

8 Which planting combinations would be most suitable for providing food for wildlife in late autumn and winter?

a Larix decidua, Kerria japonica and Crataegus monogyna.

b Sorbus aucuparia, Betula pendula and Ribes sanguineum.

c Crataegus monogyna, Sorbus aucuparia and Ilex aquifolium.

d Ilex aquifolium, Taxus baccata and Prunus serrula.

9 Statement 1 A plant leaf is adapted for photosynthesis by generally being flat, thin and being held up to the light by the stem. Statement 2 A plant leaf is adapted for transpiration by having stomata.

Which of the following options is correct for the above statements?

Statement 1 Statement 2

a True True

b True False

c False True

d False False

10 Statement 1 The term ‘prostrate’ refers to plants where most of the branches lie upon or just above the ground and are suitable for ground cover plants. Statement 2 The term ‘fastigiated’ refers to plants that are tall and narrow having erect, almost parallel branches, and are suitable in gardens where space is limited.

Which of the following options is correct for the above statements?

Statement 1 Statement 2

a True True

b True False

c False True

d False False

11 What does the term ‘selling price’ mean?

a A discounted price charged by the company to get products that are not selling well to be more attractive.

b The actual final price of a product or service that a company charges a purchaser to buy the item.

c The total price of a named sales item that has been calculated on the cost of production plus VAT.

d An item sold at an amount added to the cost price of goods to cover overheads and profit.

12 Which three of the following are required when preparing quotes and invoices for customers for horticultural work?

1 Information about suppliers.2 List of materials required.3 Details of work to be carried out.4 Breakdown of project costs.5 Payment details.6 Staffing information.

a 1, 2 and 3.b 2, 3 and 4.c 3, 4 and 5.d 4, 5 and 6.

4

13 Match the most appropriate method of communication with the correct scenario.

Method Scenario

A Email 1 Communicating absences

B Telephone 2 Changes to contract

C Letter 3 Disciplinary matters

D Face to face 4 Health and Safety Updates

a A1, B2, C3, D4.b A2, B1, C4, D3.c A3, B4, C1, D2.d A4, B1, C2, D3.

Source: mountliming.co.uk

Figure 3

14 Assuming a standard soil pH test, interpret the results shown in Figure 3.

a Left tube is neutral soil, middle tube is slightly acid soil, and right tube is strongly acid soil.

b Left tube is strongly acid soil, middle tube is slightly acid soil, and right tube is alkaline soil.

c Left tube is neutral soil, middle tube is strongly acid soil, and right tube is slightly acid soil.

d Left tube is alkaline soil, middle tube is slightly alkaline soil, and right tube is strongly acid soil.

Source: cfileonline.org

Figure 4 microscope image

15 What component of the soil is shown in Figure 4?

a Sand.b Silt.c Clay.d Organic matter.

16 Match the plant species with its lifecycle.

Lifecycle Plant species

A Annual 1 Dahlia ‘Bishop of Llandaff’

B Biennial 2 Syringa vulgaris

C Herbaceous perennial

3 Cosmos bipinnatus

D Woody perennial 4 Daucus carota

a A3, B2, C1, D4.b A2, B3, C4, D1.c A3, B4, C1, D2.d A4, B1, C2, D3.

17 Which areas from the list below are considered responsibilities of a supervisor of a horticultural organisation?

1 Recruit, train and appraise staff.2 Manage budgets and financial data.3 Assign duties or work schedules

to employees.4 Ensure compliance with health and

safety legislation.5 Inspect products or operations to ensure

that standards are met.

a 1, 2 and 3.b 1, 3 and 4.c 2, 4 and 5.d 3, 4 and 5.

5 See next page

18 Which plant group are Aloe vera, Cyclamen persicum and Phalaenopsis examples of?

a Vegetables.b Bedding plants.c Shrubs.d House plants.

19 Which two of the following are characteristics of insect-pollinated plant flowers?

1 Flower mainly in spring.2 Large amounts of pollen.3 Anthers outside flower.4 Scented and with nectar.5 Brightly coloured petals.

a 1 and 5.b 2 and 3.c 3 and 4.d 4 and 5.

20 Which of these statements are correct regarding plants that are classified in RHS Zone H4?

1 Can be grown outdoors once risk of frost is over.

2 Are hardy through most of the UK apart from inland valleys, at altitude and central/northerly locations.

3 Many evergreens suffer foliage damage and plants in pots will be at increased risk.

4 May suffer foliage damage and stem dieback in harsh winters in cold gardens.

5 Will survive winter temperatures of -5 to 1°C.

6 Will survive winter temperatures of -10 to -5°C.

a 1, 2 and 3.b 1, 3 and 5.c 2, 4 and 6.d 4, 5 and 6.

21 Statement 1 A taproot is found mainly in monocotyledonous plants and is used as a storage organ for products of photosynthesis. Statement 2 A taproot is a large main root that comes off the stem and forms tubers for storage.

Which of the following options is correct for the above statements?

Statement 1 Statement 2

a True True

b True False

c False True

d False False

22 Wind, water, ice and gravity play what part in soil formation?

a Weathering.b Fertility.c Parent material.d Transportation.

23 Which two functional characteristics should plants have when used for stabilising soil on slopes or banks?

1 Slow growing.2 Colourful.3 Ground covering.4 Thorns and spines.5 Extensive root systems.

a 1 and 4.b 2 and 3.c 3 and 5.d 5 and 4.

6

Source: scanplustech.ca

Figure 5

24 What type of hazard is the operator in Figure 5 attempting to locate?

a Soil texture.b Site contamination.c Overhead power lines.d Underground services.

25 Which two statements are correct?

1 Loam soil is a mixture of clay, silt and sand.

2 Buying topsoil guarantees that loamy soil will be acquired.

3 Topsoil is a free draining layer near the surface of the land.

4 Topsoil is often confused with loam soil, but they are not the same thing.

5 Loam soil describes where it is found in the profile, usually the top 25 cm.

a 1 and 2.b 1 and 4.c 2 and 3.d 4 and 5.

26 What are the main purposes of the primary cultivation of soil?

1 It allows the soil to be inverted and aerated.2 It enables the creation of a fine seedbed.3 It enables weeds and crop wastes to

be buried.4 It exposes pests and allows weathering.5 It enables fertilisers and mulches to

be added.

a 1, 3 and 4.b 2, 4 and 5.c 3, 5 and 1.d 4, 1 and 2.

Figure 6

27 What is the reason for the reduced levels of air and water in the right-hand sample in Figure 6?

a The sample on the left is taken in summer, the sample on the right is taken in winter.

b The sample on the left is undisturbed soil, the sample on the right is compacted soil.

c The sample on the left has been cultivated, the sample on the right has not.

d The sample on the left has been double dug, the sample on the right has been single dug.

7 See next page

28 The pathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis megidis can be watered onto the turf or soil for control of what pest or disease?

a Chafer grubs.b Worms.c Red thread.d Fusarium.

Source: www.freenatureimages.eu/

Figure 7

29 Identify the weed in Figure 7.

a Plantago major.b Trifolium repens.c Ranunculus repens.d Taraxacum officinale.

30 Which of the following would all be permanent site hazards?

a Access routes, site contamination and overhead power lines.

b Overhead power lines, water mains and gas mains.

c Inclement weather, machinery and access routes.

d Site contamination, water mains and gas mains.

31 What is the role of the Chartered Institute of Horticulture (CIH)?

a It only offers training and support to employees in the horticultural industry.

b It organises the annual National Landscape Awards.

c It manages the annual Britain in Bloom competition.

d It brings together all professionals involved in the horticultural industry.

32 For which three reasons is it important to firm the soil around a newly planted containerised shrub?

1 To ensure that the top soil and sub soil do not mix.

2 To ensure that there is no air around the roots.

3 To ensure roots are in contact with the surrounding soil.

4 To ensure the plant is secure in the soil.5 To ensure the soil is compacted around

the roots.

a 1, 2 and 3.b 1, 4 and 5.c 2, 3 and 4.d 3, 4 and 5.

8

To answer questions 33-36, refer to the following scenario.

ScenarioEleanor is a landscape contractor and has taken on a project to create a public space in a derelict urban site. She has undertaken a basic site analysis and found a number of problems that need to be addressed before she starts the proposed renovation project. She has produced an outline proposal.

33 What should Eleanor’s next course of action be?

a Prepare planting plans for the site.b Text the client to discuss the project.c Prepare a detailed costing for the project.d Meet the client to discuss the proposal.

34 Eleanor has found a perennial weed problem on site. Which would be most appropriate means of control?

a Chemical control using a translocated herbicide.

b Chemical control using a contact herbicide.c Biological control using nematodes.d Cultural control using a rotary cultivator.

35 Eleanor has found hazardous substances across the site. How should the site be made safe?

a Bury the substances on site.b Record the substances onto a catalogue.c Engage a specialist contractor to remove

the substances.d Collect the substances and take them to a

landfill site.

36 Because of its urban location, there is a problem with noise on the site. What would be the best approach to deal with this?

a Plant a line of Betula pendula.b Plant a hedge of Ilex aquifolium.c Plant clumps of Agrostis tenuis.d Plant a border of Verbena bonariensis.

To answer questions 37-40, refer to the following scenario.

ScenarioJohn and his colleagues are setting up a project at their college to grow plants for sale at an Open Day in May. They have carried out some market research and found out that there is a local demand for seasonal displays.

37 Which of these plant combinations would be most suitable to meet this demand?

a Allium atropurpureum, Ricinus communis and Viola tricolor.

b Lobelia erinus, Impatiens walleriana and Antirrhinum majus.

c Taraxacum officinale, Kerria japonica and Erysimum ‘Bowles Mauve’.

d Rudbeckia laciniata, Crocus vernus and Dianthus barbatus.

38 They have bought the seeds, pots and compost for the plants for sale. The college is allowing them to use the greenhouses free of charge.• Costs for seeds is a total of £20• They need 1500 pots at 20p a pot• Costs for compost is a total of £80

If they sell 1000 plants at £1.50 each, what will the project’s gross profit be?

a £1500b £1200c £1100d £1000

39 The team would like to prepare some care cards for the plants they sell as an extra means of customer service. What information would be most useful on the care cards?

a Type of inflorescence, botanical name, watering requirements.

b Botanical name, RHS Hardiness zone for the plant, watering requirements.

c Propagation method, watering requirements, pruning requirements.

d RHS Hardiness zone, propagation method, watering requirements.

9 See next page

40 Following the sale, a customer has complained about the quality of the plants. Which of the following is the most suitable method of dealing with the compliant?

a Inform the customer that the complaint has been made too late and so cannot be resolved.

b Explain that the complaint is not their problem as it relates to poor maintenance by the customer.

c Refer the customer to the college principal for further guidance.

d Discuss the complaint with the customer and agree an amicable solution.

NOW GO BACK AND CHECK YOUR WORK• IMPORTANT -Are the details at the top of the answer sheet correct?Have you filled in your answers in INK in the appropriate boxes on the answer sheet?