015 BIRTH OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE Machine Age –Machine tamed, adapted to everyday life –Machine...
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Transcript of 015 BIRTH OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE Machine Age –Machine tamed, adapted to everyday life –Machine...
015 BIRTH OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE
• Machine Age– Machine tamed, adapted to everyday life– Machine worship
• Materials– Visual aesthetic – machine housings– “House is a machine for living in”
• Modernist Doctrine– Mechanomorphic architecture = Man’s salvation– Embodied revolution– Models: Architecture as sculpture, Architecture as painting
19TH CENTURY FORERUNNERS
• Viollet – Le – Duc – Intellectual, artistic– Rebellious, refused Beaux-artes study– Rationalist architecture
• William Morris– Reformist, moral passion– Anti-industrialist and anti-historical– Emphasized craftsmanship
• Red House, 1859, designed by Philip Webb
• ENGLISH DOMESTIC REVIVAL: 1870 – 1900• Based on small cottages, agrarian and modest monastic buildings
• Informal and asymmetrical – comfortable
• Exuded English tradition
• Based on 16yh and 17th century England
– Old English – Rustic• Richard Norman Shaw
– Leyswood, Sussex, England 1868» Picturesque, saddle roofs, chimney stacks» Studied composition with rhythms, asymmetries.
– Queen Anne – Formal• Shaw’s House - 1874
• Houses at Shackleford – 1897– Charles Voysey
LEYSWOOD 1868
BEDFORD PARK HOUSE - QUEEN ANNE
The Orchard
Charles Voysey
• Shingle Style U.S.– Blending of Queen Anne and Old English– Desire to retreat to non-industrial setting– Wood framing with more freedom in plan, mass and
decoration– Wooden shingles, traditional American material
• McKim, Mead, and White– Newcomb House – 1880– William G. Low House - 1887
• Peabody and Stearns– Kragsyde
• Henry Hobson Richardson– Trained at Ecole des Beaux-Artes– Last great traditional architect– Noted for stone construction design
• Stoughton House 1882
• Richardsonian Romanesque– Rustication, rounded arches, and colonnettes
• Trinity Church, Boston 1873
• Marshall Field Warehouse, Chicago 1885