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Dr. Marzan Aziz Iskandar Chairman of

The Agency for The Assessment and Application of Technology Republic of Indonesia

• Introduction

• Current and Future Development of Geothermal Energy in Indonesia

• Biofuel Development and Implementation in Indonesia

• Photovoltaic Development and Applications

• Smart Micro Grid for Renewable Energy in Indonesia

• Closing Remarks

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Energy Resources

Proven Reserve

Annual Production

Ratio Reserve to Production

(year)

Coal 21,131.84 million tons

353 million tons

59.8

Oil 4,230 million barrels

330,000 thousands barrel

12.8

Natural Gas (as of 2010)

104.71 TSCF 3,400,000 MMSCF

30.8

ENERGY SECURITY

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POTENTIAL INDONESIAN RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES (2010)

3 GW u/ 11 year 24,112 Ton* Uranium (Nuclear)

8.00 MW 4.80 kWh/m2/day

Solar

302.4 MW 49.81 GW Biomass

4,200 MW 6,851 GWh 75.67 GW 845 million BOE

Hydro

1000 MW 2,593.5 GWh 29 GW 219 mill BOE Geothermal

84 MW 458.75 MW 458.75 MW Mini/Micro hydro

INSTALLED CAPACITY*

UTILIZATION EQUIVALENCE RESOURCES NON FOSSIL

ENERGY

0.50 MW 9.29 GW Wind

* 2010 data (Source: KESDM 2012)

OIL 42%

COAL 34%

GAS 21%

RE 3%

OIL 20%

COAL 33%

GAS 30%

RE 17%

RE

COAL

24,29%

23,91 %

46,77%

5,03%

RE

GAS

COAL

OIL

2011 2015 2020 2025

EN

ER

GY

DIV

ER

SIF

ICA

TIO

N

ENERGY MIX

Note: 1 TOE = 7,33 BOE

PRESIDENT DECREE 5/2006

1176 Mill. BOE

3200 Mill.BOE

20%

30%

33%

17%

2419 Mill. BOE

1649 Mill. BOE

20,6%

34,6%

41,7%

3,1%

3298 Mill. BOE

BIOENERGY 5%

GAS

OIL

Latest draft of National Energy Policy put a higher value to 23% for NRE sources

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Renewable Energy Supply of RE Current

Utilization

NEP 2025 TARGET

President Decree No. 5/2006

Total NRE 17%* 544 MMBOE 29,622 MW

Geothermal 29,000 MW 1,343 MW 5% 160 MMBOE 8,712 MW

Biofuel 40 Mill.

kL/year** 3 Mill

kl/year 5% 160 MMBOE 25 Mill. kL

Other NRE: 5% 160 MMBOE 8,712 MW

Solar (PV) 17 MWp (2,200) MW

Microhydro*** 229 MW

Biomass Elect. *** 1,628 MW

Wind*** 1.96 MW

Coal liquefaction 2% 64 MMBOE 10 Mill. kL

*Latest draft of National Energy Policy put a higher value to 23% for NRE sources **Palm MMBOE: Million Barrel of Oil Equivalents , 1 barrel = 159 liter, 1 liter = 3 kWh. Total prediction of energy mix 2012 = 3200 MMBOE (BPPT Energy Outlook 2012) ***NRE Statistic 2011, Ditjen EBTKE, KESDM.

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1979:

Pilot Plant Bio-Ethanol & energy Plantation

1990: 2006 – 2010: 2013 - 1995 – 2003

-PV Applications & Pilotings(Housing, Rural, Pumping, etc)

-Solar Thermal Timber Drying

Wind Energy Technology (Low Velocity)

Biomass/Biogas Power Generation

•Biofuels for Transportation

Small Geothermal Power Plant Prototyping

1985:

-Solar Village Project

Renewable Energy IndonesiaProject, incl. Efficiency Energy: EnergyAudit, ISPH, Energy Management + MARKAL Long-term Energy Planning Model

-Solar Thermal Pump

•PV Testing •Facility/Lab.

Biomass Gasification

Biodiesel Plant Dev.

PV Hybrid Piloting

Microturbine Cogeneration

Solar Agro Drying

•Geothermal •Pilot plant

OTEC Sea Current Prototyping

•PV Industry Feasibility Assessment

KS Arc Furnace ANN Controller

-Process Integration in Industry Study

Microhydro Piloting Fuel Cell +

Biohydrogen Prod.

Energi Bus: Lab Mobile Audit Energi

Kajian Kawasan Hemat Energi

Efficient Transportation Management

•Smart Grid, Smart Bld. •Efficient Building

Energy Efficiency Applications & Audit in Energy Intensive Industries, Lab EE Appliances

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CURRENT PROGRESS

2006

852 MW

2008 2012 2016 2020

2000 MW 3442 MW 4600 MW 6000 MW 9500 MW

(Target)

1148 MW

Existing GWA

1442 MW

Existing GWA

1400 MW

New GWA

3500 MW

New GWA

2025

1343 MW Plus 2nd Crash Program Scenario (4925 MW)

6151 MW

1158 MW

Existing GWA

+ New GWA

• ALL power plants use foreign technology. • BPPT is appointed by the Government to develop national technology, in

cooperation with local industries.

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1. It is a national priority program stated in the Presidential Regulation No. 05/2010 regarding the National Medium-Term Development Plan 2010 – 2014.

2. Output :

a) Condensing Turbine Technology of 3 MW GeoPP. Ready for operation in Kamojang Geothermal Field

b) Binary Cycle Technology of 100 kW GeoPP. Under construction in Wayang Windu Field

TARGET 1. To substitute the use of fossil fuel based diesel power generations. 2. To accelerate the development of small scale geothermal power

plants by national industries and resources.

Steam Flushing Process Setting of Turbine Rotor

LOCAL CONTENT : INDUSTRIAL MINISTER REG. No. 54/2012

PILOT PLANT BPPT

42% 63,8%

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Modular Plant Under Construction

Air Cooler Under Construction

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5-20%

Crude bio-oil

Pure Plant Oil

Biodiesel

Solar/ diesel oil BioSolar

Diesel Engine: car, Genset

Coconut

palm Jatropha

PURE PLANT OIL(PPO ) and BIODIESEL BIOETHANOL

Methanol +

Cassava mollases

Hydrolysis + Fermentation

Bioethanol ( 9% )

Dehydration (95%)

Bioethanol ( FGE 99,5% )

Gasoline Engine

Premium Bio Premium

5-20%

Lignoselulosa

diesel oil

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Activity Implementation

Development of Biodiesel Production Technology : Raw material diversification Separation technique improvement

(dry washing technology)

Development of biodiesel pilot plant Application of biodiesel plant design

technology to industries

Research on Product Quality Improvement Improvement of National Biodiesel Standard (SNI 04-7182 )

Biodiesel Engine Test Mandatory biodiesel implementation up to B30 (by 2025)

Biodiesel Promotion Implementation of biodiesel in mining, agro industry and power plant

Policy Assessment Recommendation for Integrated business of biodiesel plant and Energy Farming Concept

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Cap. 1 – 20 tons/day

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• Development of Hydro-treating Process for upgrading biodiesel fuel quality (collaborative research BPPT-AIST)

• Development of Fast Pyrolysis-oil (Bio-oil) from Palm based biomass to produce Hydro-Deoxygenated Oil (Next Generation of Biofuel) (collaborative research BPPT-AIST)

• BPPT Involvement in : – Review of National Biofuel Standard. – Guidance of Bioenergy Safety. – Assessment of Biofuel trade system

and pricing policy.

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Hydro-deoxy-genated oil

Biooil (tar) pyrolytic lignins based tars

Biomass

BPPT is promoting an integrated plant concept to enhance industrialization potential : 1. obtain cheaper raw

materials cost 2. reduce production

cost (process steam and utility, etc.)

3. increase the efficiency of biodiesel plant

4. overcome the waste problems faced by the existing plant

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Energy Farming Concept P

lan

tati

on

CP

O M

ill

Bio

die

sel P

lan

t

Existing Business (Biodiesel Case) :

Market Mechanism

FFB CPO Biodiesel

Relatively Fixed Price

Market

Pla

nta

tio

n

CP

O M

ill

Bio

die

sel P

lan

t

Biodiesel

Price Price Price

Market

Price Price

Stable Price Stable Price

Energy Farming Concept:

Energy Farming : An integrated business where the raw material produced from this business is merely dedicated for producing biofuel only (NOT for other purposes). • Stabled price of raw materials • Stabled price of biofuels • More promising business on biofuels

FFB CPO

The price of raw materials fluctuates and tends to increase, highly depending on market mechanism. While, the price of biofuels is relatively fixed price. • Less promising business on biofuels • Only big capacity and efficient biofuels

plants may be survive.

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Technology Application Assessment

SHS / Other stand alone application

Hybrid System Grid-Connected Smart Microgrid

Test Lab for PV System: SNI based test Public services

Development of Test Lab for PV System: IEC 61215 based test

FS Solar Cell Industry: Recommendation for national Industries

Industrial Development

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Implementation of Photovoltaic Systems

Individual (SHS)

PV Grid Connected Systems

PV-Diesel Hybrid System

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• Smart interconnection grids – Improved reliability – Energy savings – Robustness of operation

and control (Self-Heals) – Etc.

• Smart microgrids with distributed energy resources (DER) where applicable – Distribution systems

containing high DER penetration may require considerable operational control capabilities.

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Paradigm Shift in Energy System Increasing penetration of renewable energy, diversification in electricity

generations, reduction in carbon emission, etc.

Future Chalenges

A key solution Smart MicroGrid could efficiently control integration of renewable energy to

the main grid.

• Enhanced compatibility of electricity network with increased penetration of renewable energy

• Communications between the network and various types of generations • Providing services for various consumers’ electricity needs, mainly in remote

and isolated areas

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• Indonesia is stepping up efforts to the Renewable Energy technology development and demonstrations in preparing the acquisition and improve the utilization of Renewable Energy in accordance with the government's mid-term target (2025).

• Of the existing potential, Geothermal and Biofuels is the greatest potential until 2025, in addition to the necessary existence of Smart-Grid system, which became the future needs of the electricity supply system.

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